Efeito da suplementação de cobre e selênio na dieta de novilhos Brangus sobre o desempenho e fermentação ruminal / The effects of copper and selenium supplementation in the diet of Brangus steers on performance and rumen fermentation

Vinte e oito bovinos Brangus foram usados para determinar o efeito da suplementação de cobre e selênio no desempenho e na fermentação ruminal. Os animais foram divididos em: 1) C(Controle) - sem a suplementação de cobre e selênio; 2) Se - 2mg Se/kg de matéria seca na forma de selenito de sódio; 3) Cu - 40mg Cu/kg de matéria seca na forma de sulfato de cobre; 4) Se/Cu - 2mg Se/kg de matéria seca na forma de selenito de sódio e 40mg Cu/kg de matéria seca na forma de sulfato de cobre. As pesagens dos animais foram feitas em intervalos de 28 dias, após jejum completo de 18 horas. Foram colhidas amostras de líquido ruminal para análises de ácidos graxos voláteis e pH. O ganho de peso diário aumentou com a suplementação de Se (P<0,05). A ingestão de matéria seca não foi alterada pelos tratamentos (P>0,05). Os animais submetidos à suplementação com Cu apresentaram menor pH ruminal quando comparado com a suplementação Se/Cu (P<0,05). Os animais suplementados com Se/Cu apresentaram maior proporção de ácido acético quando comparado com o controle (P<0,05). Para o ácido propiônico e butírico, não houve diferenças significativas (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos. Apesar do pouco efeito na fermentação ruminal, as suplementações de selênio, cobre e selênio/cobre proporcionaram uma melhor eficiência alimentar.

Twenty-eight Brangus cattle were used to determine the effect of copper and selenium supplementation on performance and rumen fermentation. The animals were divided in: 1) (Control) - without supplementation of copper and selenium; 2) Se - 2mg Se/kg of dry matter as sodium selenite; 3) Cu - 40mg Cu/kg of dry matter as copper sulphate; 4) Se/Cu - 2mg Se/kg of dry matter as sodium selenite and 40mg Cu/kg of dry matter as copper sulphate. Animal weighing was performed in 28 day intervals, after 18 hours of fasting. Samples of rumen liquid were collected for analysis of volatile fatty acid and pH. The daily weight gain increased with selenium supplementation (P<0.05). The dry matter intake was not altered by treatments (P>0.05). The animals that received copper supplementation had lower pH rumen compared with selenium/copper supplementation (P<0.05). The animals supplemented with selenium/copper had a high proportion of acetic acid when compared to control (P<0.05). For propionic and butyric acid, there was no difference (P>0.05) among treatments. Despite the little effect on rumen fermentation, the supplementations of selenium, copper and selenium/copper provided better feed efficiency.

Changes in morphometric parameters of bone tissue due tophysical exercise: a systematic review

It is known that physical exercise can influence the morphometry of bone tissue. Thisinfluence depends on the intensity, frequency, duration and mode of exercise. However, these aspects arenot well described in literature. Futhermore, morphometric parameters for the study of bone tissue are moresuitable to investigate this effect. Given these uncertainties, we intend to investigate the effects of exercise inbone morphometry. Materials and methods: For this study, we performed a systematic search of articles inPUBMED, MEDLINE, OLD MEDLINE, SciELO and LILACS. We used the keywords: “morphometry”,“physical exercise” and “bone”. Results: Initially we found a total of 40 articles. Articles in which animalswere submitted to pharmacological or surgery intervention as well as those where rats had some disease orhormonal alteration were excluded. After selection according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, only threearticles remained. Discussion: Newhall, Kenneth, Marjoleine et al. (1991) investigated the effects of exercisein a non-systematic way, with no definitions of exercise parameters. It is suggested that various features ofphysical exercise, besides intensity, can influence on bone mechanical properties. The results of this researchshow the need to establish defined standards concerning the mode, intensity, frequency and duration ofexercise. Conclusion: It was not possible to determine which morphometric parameters are the best torepresent these changes. More studies in this area are suggested in order to comprehend the influence ofphysical exercise on bone tissue.

Parasitoses intestinais em menores hospitalizados, filhos de previdenciarios. / Intestinal parasitoses in children hospitalized

Estudou-se a frequencia de enteropatias em 7.363 criancas, filhos de previdenciarios e hospitalizados no IMIP. O percentual de positividade foi de 48,06%, examinando-se uma amostra de fezes de cada paciente pelo metodo de Hoffman, Pons & Janer.Poliparasitismo foi observado em 21,89% da casuistica. Ascaridiase, tricuriase e giardiase foram as parasitoses mais comuns