Analysis of CSF3R Gene Mutations and Clinical Characteristics in Patients with t(8;21) Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the occurrence of CSF3R mutation in patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its correlation with some clinical parameters.@*METHODS@#The clinical and laboratory data of 167 newly diagnosed AML patients with t(8;21) translocation were analyzed retrospectively. High-throughput DNA sequencing technology combined with Sanger sequencing method was used to detect 112 gene mutations. The occurrence of CSF3R gene mutation and its influence on the remission rate after chemotherapy were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 167 patients with t(8;21) AML, 15 patients (9.0%) carried CSF3R mutations, including 6 cases of membrane proximal region mutations and 9 cases of truncation mutations in the cytoplasmic tail. The most common coexisting mutations of CSF3R were KIT (40.0%), TET2 (33.3%), DNMT3A (26.7%), FLT3 (20.0%), CBL (20.0%), IDH1 (13.3%), etc. Compared with the wild type, the CSF3R mutant group had a higher mutation rate of DNA methylation-related genes（P <0.001）. The median peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count of patients with CSF3R gene mutation was 5.80 (3.20-8.56)×109/L at initial diagnosis, which was significantly lower than 8.80 (5.26-19.92)×109/L of the CSF3R wild-type patients (P =0.017). There was no significant difference between the two groups in sex, median age, FAB classification, hemoglobin level, platelet count, etc. (P >0.05). The CR rate of the CSF3R gene mutation group (100%) was significantly higher than that of the wild-type group (86.8%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). The CSF3R gene mutation group had a significantly higher CD19 positive rate and a higher -X rate than the wild group (86.7% vs 47.4%, P =0.004; 33.3% vs 13.2%, P =0.037).@*CONCLUSION@#There is a high incidence of CSF3R mutation in t (8;21) AML patients. The clinical characteristics and coexisting mutation genes of CSF3R mutation-positive patients are different from those of wild-type patients.

Effects of pancreatic stent number on the management of recurrent chronic pancreatitis in children and adolescents / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of changing the pancreatic stent number based on the last procedure on the prognosis of children and adolescents with recurrent chronic pancreatitis. Methods Data of 11 pediatric patients ( 3-16 years old) with chronic pancreatitis, undergoing ERCP for at least twice were retrospectively analyzed. Based on whether the number of stents changed in the second procedure, patients were divided into the control group( more than once and no change in the number) ,and the changing group ( more than once and change in the stent number in the second procedure ) . The hospitalization and surgery percentage and number of hospitalizations due to abdominal pain in follow-up period were compared to study whether number change of stents was efficient to cure pediatric patients with chronic pancreatitis. Results Eleven pediatric patients undergoing at least 2 ERCP procedures were recruited into our group. The hospitalization percentages were 140％( n=7) and 33. 3％( n=2) in the control group( n=5) and the changing group ( n=6) respectively( P<0. 001) . The number of hospitalizations due to abdominal pain was 1. 5 and 0. 8 in the control group and the changing group respectively ( P<0. 001) . The percentage of patient hospitalizations due to abdominal pain significantly reduced in the changing group ( P=0. 003) . Conclusion Increase in pancreatic stent number in the second procedure in pediatric patients can decrease hospital admissions related to the pancreatitis.

Protein kinase D1 regulates the growth and metabolism of oral squamous carcinoma cells in tumor microenvironment / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) on the growth and metabolism of oral squamous cell carcinoma HSC-4 cells and related molecular mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment.@*METHODS@#HSC-4 cell lines were transfected with shRNA plasmids. Three groups (Wild, control-shRNA, and PKD1-shRNA) were cultured under acidic or hypoxic environment for a certain time. Western blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy-related and glycolytic-related proteins. The proliferation changes were detected by CCK-8 kits.@*RESULTS@#The PKD1-knockdown HSC-4 cell line was established. PKD1 silencing increased autophagy activity. Under hypoxic and acidic conditions, the PKD1-knockdown HSC-4 cells showed lower proliferation than the parental cells. PKD1-knockdown also decreased the expression of hypoxia induciblefactor 1α (HIF-1α) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Under hypoxic and acidic conditions, PKD1 gene silencing can increase apoptotic autophagy activity. Downregulated PKD1 gene expression can reduce the glycolysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. This study revealed the important role of PKD1 in the metabolism and growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma, making it a possible target for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Role of protein kinase D1 in regulating the growth, apoptosis and drug sensitivity of oral squamous carcinoma cells / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the role of protein kinase D (PKD)1 in regulating the growth, apop-tosis, and drug sensitivity of the squamous carcinoma cell line SCC-25.@*METHODS@#The SCC-25 cell line was transfected with either the control-shRNA or PKD1-shRNA plasmids. The stable transfected cells were selected, and the efficiency of PKD1 knockdown was detected by Western blot. The growth and apoptosis of SCC-25 were analyzed with a cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometry. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of paclitaxel in the control and PKD1 knockdown cell lines were detected by CCK-8. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and P-gp were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#PKD1 was constitutively expressed and phosphorylated in various cancer cell lines. Inhibiting the expression of PKD1 in SCC-25 cells by RNA interference could inhibit the growth and promote the apoptosis of SCC-25 cells via downregulating Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, inhibiting PKD1 expression could downregulate the expression of P-gp, thereby decreasing both the IC50 and resistance index of paclitaxel.@*CONCLUSIONS@#PKD1 plays an important role in regulating the biobehavior of SCC-25. It is a potential therapeutic target for oral squamous carcinoma.

Saliva of periodontitis patients promotes macrophage differentiation and activation / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis (CPD) on the differentiation, activation, and secretion of osteoclast-maturing mediators of macrophages.@*METHODS@#A total of 40 saliva samples were collected from healthy donors (n=20) and severe periodontitis patients (n=20). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and THP-1 monocyte line cells were challenged with 15% saliva for 5 days. The phenotype, surface marker, and phagocytosis of macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry and microscopy. Osteoclast-maturing mediators were assayed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.@*RESULTS@#When PBMCs were treated with CPD saliva for 5 days, 61.25%±11.33% of cells were transformed into large granular cells; 86.78%±13.69% of large granular cells were identified as CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ macrophages. When THP-1 cells were treated with CPD saliva, most cells attached to the bottom of cell culture plates, thereby exhibiting macrophage morphology and releasing additional osteoclast-maturing mediators. Furthermore, the phagocytosis of THP-1 cells considerably increased in the presence of CPD saliva (66.35%±9.67%) compared with medium control (33.33%±7.52%), or healthy saliva (40.71%±3.52%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Saliva from patients with CPD can induce macrophage differentiation, activate phagocytose microorganisms, and secrete osteoclast-maturing mediators.

A study on care-giving competence of the primary caregivers influence on nurse-social worker-college student volunteer team guide for the long-term bedridden elderly / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of nurse-social worker-college student volunteer team guide on care-giving competence of the primary caregivers for the long-term bedridden elderly. Methods The research was conveniently focused on a total of 60 long-term bedridden elderly and 30 primary caregivers, pension caregiver in welfare home from March to May 2015. The nurse-social worker-college student volunteer team guide for the primary caregivers included distributing health manual, training skill, psychological support, respite care and so on. The intervention lasted for 3 months, twice a month, 150 minutes each time. This was a self comparison study. The care competence for the primary caregivers and self-care ability of daily activities for the long-term bedridden elderly were conducted before and after intervention. Results Before intervention, the total score of care-giving competence was 59.07 ± 13.42. After intervention, the total score was 66.64 ± 14.16. Before intervention, the scores of caring knowledge, operation technique, behavior and attitudes, decision-making and self-efficacy were as follows:18.48±3.46, 17.95±3.98, 12.16±3.08, 7.98±2.56. Whereas, after intervention, the scores were as follows:20.32±3.58, 20.48±2.74, 14.29±3.03, 9.65±2.07. Each dimension score after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention (t=-2.87--2.02, P<0.01). For bathing, dressing, indoor transferring and eating in self-care ability of daily activities, the numbers of people in 60 long-term bedridden elderly were 8, 13, 21, 18 before intervention and 17, 24, 43, 29 after intervention. The self-care ability of daily activities of the primary caregivers such as bathing, dressing, indoor transferring and eating after intervention were significantly higher than that before intervention (χ2=4.093-4.857, P<0.05). Conclusions Nurse-social worker-college student volunteer team guide can enhance the care-giving competence of the primary caregivers as well as improve the self-care ability of daily activities for the long-term bedridden elderly.

Analysis of causes and whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries to provide evidence for its prevention and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical samples including blood, supragingival plaque, plaque in the caries cavity, saliva, and mucosal swabs were collected with the patient's consent. The blood sample was sent for routine immune test, and the others samples were stained using Gram method and cultured for identifying colonies and 16S rRNA sequencing. DNA was extracted from the samples and tested for the main cariogenic bacterium (Streptococcus mutans) with qPCR, and the whole microbial structure was analyzed using DGGE.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patient had a high levels of IgE and segmented neutrophils in his blood. Streptococci with extremely long chains were found in the saliva samples under microscope. Culture of the samples revealed the highest bacterial concentration in the saliva. The relative content of hemolytic bacterium was detected in the samples, the highest in the caries cavity; C. albicans was the highest in the dental plaque. In addition, 33 bacterial colonies were identified by VITEK system and 16S rDNA sequence phylogenetic analysis, and among them streptococci and Leptotrichia wade were enriched in the dental plaque sample, Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus tigurinus in the caries cavity, and Lactobacillus in the saliva. S. mutans was significantly abundant in the mucosal swabs, saliva and plaque samples of the caries cavity as shown by qPCR. Compared to samples collected from a healthy individual and another two patients with rampant caries, the samples from this case showed a decreased bacterial diversity and increased bacterial abundance shown by PCR-DGGE profiling, and multiple Leptotrichia sp. were detected by gel sequencing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The outgrowth of such pathogenic microorganisms as S. mutans and Leptotrichia sp., and dysbiosis of oral microbial community might contribute to the pathogenesis of rampant caries in this case.</p>

Practice and evaluation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) resident standardization training skills / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective By taking cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) resident standardization training skills practice as an example,to explore how to improve the ability of resident operating on the clinical skills.Methods 58 resident physicians in the hospital standardized training were selected,and through training and assessment of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill training,the result was compared,and statistical analysis was made on the overall pass rate,the performance after the training,and the pass rate of operation.Result Comparison of the data was done by the t test,and pass rate by chi square result 48 people passed the training and examination,and the pass rate was 82.76％.The operation scores before and after training were:General (78.5 ± 6.44) vs.(89.2 ± 6.12),Department of gynecology and Obstetrics (74.3 ± 6.54) vs.(87.0 ± 6.34) of (70.6 ± 6.78) vs.(87.3 ± 6.31),rehabilitation medicine (70.2 ± 6.81) vs.(85.6 ± 6.77),Department of Stomatology (69.80 ± 7.07) vs.(82.80 ± 6.89),psychiatric (69.4 ± 7.19) vs.(80.4 ± 6.91),Department of medical imaging (69.30 ± 7.20) vs.(78.80 ± 6.94),(64.00 ± 7.25 test vs.) (76.5 ± 6.99),and the differences were statistically significant.After the training,the average score of the general professional training was 89.2,the highest score,while the average score of students trained in professional inspection department was 76.5 points,the lowest score.Chest compressions and artificial respiration,electrode plate installation project operation were the worst.Students pressed 80 times/min before but now increased to 90 seconds;as for artificial respiration,students often extended more than 30 seconds;the electrode plate installation project operation,extended more than 25 seconds.Conclusion The pass rate of different professional training and the performance before and after professional training have differences,so theory and practice need to be combined to carry out scientific and reasonable training so as to improve the train-ing residents' clinical skills.

In situ absorption of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of Diospyros kaki L. f. extract in rats' intestine / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the intestinal absorption behaviors of Diospyros kaki L.f. extract (PLE) in self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). METHODS: The concentration of quercetin, kaempferol and phenol red in rat intestinal perfusion solution was determined by HPLC. Rat single-pass intestinal perfusion technique was employed to assay the effects of concentrations of PLE in perfusion solution, intestinal segments and different formulations on the drug percentage absorbed (P) and the absorption rate constant (Ka). RESULTS: No significant changes of Ka and P were observed in different PLE concentrations. The main absorption segments of SMEDDS in rat intestines were the duodenum and ileum. The values of Ka and P of SMEDDS were significantly higher than the PLE solution (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The absorption mechanism of PLE conforms to passive diffusion. The PLE SMEDDS presented the high absorption rate than conventional solution in rat intestine, which illustrates the potential use of SMEDDS for the delivery o f PLE by the oral route.

Effect of verapamil on pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of verapamil on the pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Puerarin with or without verapamil was administered intravenously or orally to rats. The concentration of puerarin in serum was determined by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>No significant difference was found between the control and 0.5 microg x g(-1) verapamil combined groups for intravenous administration, and there was significant difference between the control and 2. 5 microg x g(-1) verapamil combined groups (P < 0.05). When puerarin was administered orally with verapamil, significant difference was found between the control and combined groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Verapamil inhibited puerarin metabolism when puerarin was coadministered with verapamil, so it is necessary to change the therapeutic dose of puerarin.</p>