Influence of quercetin on aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by microgravity / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of quercetin on the aging model of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells established under microgravity. Methods Using 3D gyroscope, a aging model of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was constructed, and after receiving quercetin and microgravity treatment, the anti-aging effect of the quercetin was evaluated by detecting related proteins and oxidation indexes. Results Compared to the control group, the expressions of age-related proteins p21, pi6, p53 and RB in the microgravity group significantly increased, while the expressions of cyclin D1 and lamin B1 significantly decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the microgravity group, mitochondrial membrane potential significantly decreased (P<0.05), ROS accumulation significantly increased (P <0.05), SOD content significantly decreased and MDA content significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the microgravity group, the expressions of age-related proteins p21, pi6, p53 and RB in the quercetin group significantly decreased, while the expressions of cyclin D1 and lamin B1 significantly increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the quercetin group, mitochondrial membrane potential significantly increased (P<0.05), ROS accumulation significantly decreased (P<0.05), SOD content significantly increased and MDA content significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions Quercetin can resist oxidation, protect mitochondrial function and normal cell cycle, thus delaying the aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by microgravity.

Effectiveness of comprehensive rhinoplasty on secondary nasal deformity with saddle nasal deformity after cleft lip surgery / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effectiveness of comprehensive rhinoplasty with autogenous costal cartilage grafting and prosthesis augmentation rhinoplasty in the treatment of secondary nasal deformity with saddle nasal deformity after cleft lip surgery.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 96 patients with secondary nasal deformity with saddle nasal deformity after cleft lip surgery between September 2008 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 17 males and 79 females with an average age of 25.6 years (range, 17-38 years). Autogenous costal cartilage grafts were used to construct stable nasal tip framework and enhance the strength of alar cartilage. Nasal dorsum prostheses (39 cases of bulge, 45 cases of silicone prosthesis) or autogenous costal cartilage (12 cases) were used for comprehensive rhinoplasty. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to evaluate the postoperative satisfaction subjectively, and nasal alar height symmetry index, nasal alar width symmetry index, nasal dorsum central axis deviation angle, and nasal columella deviation angle were calculated to evaluate objectively before and after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up 6 months to 8 years, with an average of 13.4 months. Nasal septal hematoma occurred in 3 patients after operation, which was improved after local aspiration and nasal pressure packing. Two cases had mild deformation of the rib cartilage graft of the nasal dorsum, one of which had no obvious deviation of the nasal dorsum and was not given special treatment, and one case underwent the cartilage graft of the nasal dorsum removed and replaced with silicone prosthesis. The incisions of the other patients healed by first intention, and there was no complication such as postoperative infection and prosthesis displacement. The nasal alar height symmetry index, nasal alar width symmetry index, nasal dorsum central axis deviation angle, and nasal columella deviation angle significantly improved after operation when compared with preoperative ones ( P<0.05). Postoperative subjective satisfaction evaluation reached the level of basic satisfaction or above, and most of them were very satisfied.@*CONCLUSION@#Comprehensive rhinoplasty using autologous rib cartilage grafting to construct a stable nasal tip support, combined with dorsal nasal prosthesis or autologous cartilage implantation, can achieve good effectiveness on secondary nasal deformity with saddle nasal deformity after cleft lip surgery.

The effect of social determinants of health on severity of microbial keratitis presentation at a tertiary eye care hospital in Southern India

Purpose: Understanding the association between social determinants of health (SDoHs) and microbial keratitis (MK) can inform underlying risk for patients and identify risk factors associated with worse disease, such as presenting visual acuity (VA) and time to initial presentation. Methods: This was a cross?sectional study was conducted with patients presenting with MK to the cornea clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Madurai, India. Patient demographics, SDoH survey responses, geographic pollution, and clinical features at presentation were collected. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, multi?variable linear regression models, and Poisson regression models were utilized. Results: There were 51 patients evaluated. The mean age was 51.2 years (SD = 13.3); 33.3% were female and 55% did not visit a vision center (VC) prior to presenting to the clinic. The median presenting logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) VA was 1.1 [Snellen 20/240, inter?quartile range (IQR) = 20/80 to 20/4000]. The median time to presentation was 7 days (IQR = 4.5 to 10). The average particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) concentration, a measure of air pollution, for the districts from which the patients traveled was 24.3 ?g/m3 (SD = 1.6). Age? and sex?adjusted linear regression and Poisson regression results showed that higher levels of PM2.5 were associated with 0.28 worse presenting logMAR VA (Snellen 2.8 lines, P = 0.002). Patients who did not visit a VC had a 100% longer time to presentation compared to those who did (incidence rate ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.3–3.0, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Patient SDoH and environmental exposures can impact MK presentation. Understanding SDoH is important for public health and policy implications to mitigate eye health disparities in India.

Current status and progress on the application of ventricular assist device / 器官移植

At present, heart transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage heart failure. Nevertheless, the shortage of donors is becoming an increasingly severe challenge. In recent years, rapid development of mechanical circulatory support technologies has provided multiple therapeutic options for patients with end-stage heart failure. As an important mechanical circulatory support device, ventricular assist device (VAD) are divided into durable VAD (dVAD) and temporary VAD (tVAD) according to the duration of assistance. dVAD shows application potential in bridging heart transplantation, destination therapy and bridge to decision. With technological progress and experience accumulation in clinical application, VAD is evolving towards the direction of more biocompatible, lighter, more bionic and intelligent. In this article, the development of VAD, application status at home and abroad and the overall application of VAD in our hospital were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for promoting the clinical application of VAD in China.

Distribution characteristics of polymorphisms of microRNA-30 gene in Guangxi Zhuang population and their association with serum lipid levels / 解剖学报

[Abstract] Objective To explore the distribution situation of microRNA(miR) -30 gene single-nucleotide sites rs1192037A / T polymorphisms in Guangxi Zhuang population and compare its distribution differences with other populations and to analyze level of common blood lipid indexes in genotypes. Methods SNPscan was used to detect rs1192037A / T locus genotyping in 236 volunteers of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi. The genotypes and allele frequencies of rs1192037A / T locus genotyping in different genders and groups were analyzed. The levels of common blood lipids in the subjects were detected by roche automatic biochemical apparatus. Results Three genotypes of AA, AT and TT were found in rs1192037 A / T with the frequency distribution of 11. 0%, 38. 6% and 50. 4%, respectively. No significant differences in genotypes and alleles frequencies of rs1192037 A / T between different genders in Guangxi Zhuang population were observed (P > 0. 05) . However,there were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequency of miR-30 gene rs1192037 A / T in Guangxi Zhuang population compared with those of Europeans, Japanese, Africans, Mexicans and Indians published by HapMap (P0. 05) . There were significant differences in the levels of TG among the 3 genotypes of rs1192037 A / T, and the TG levels of AT and TT genotypes were significantly higher than AA genotypes. Conclusion There are different degrees of rs1192037 A / T polymorphisms of miR-30 gene among Guangxi population and other ethnic populations and other regions. The polymorphism of rs1192037 A / T is related to the level of TG.

Effect of miR-124a on oxidative stress injury of pancreatic tissue in type 2 diabetic mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of miR-124a on oxidative stress injury and β-cell function of pancreas in type 2 diabetic mice. Methods The wild-type C57BL/6 mice and the C57BIV6 mice with low expression of miR-124a were randomly divided into two groups, namely wild-type control (WT Con), miR-124a

corilagin protects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice induced by high fat and high sugar diet via regulating AMPK-autophagy signaling / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effects of corilagin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high-fat and high-sugar diet in mice via regulating AMPK-autophagy signaling. Methods Healthy 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and corilagin group. The mice of model group and corilagin group were fed with a high-fat and high-sugar diet for four weeks at the age of eight weeks. The corilagin group mice were also intraperitoneally injected with corilagin (20 mg • k g

Targeted trace ingredients coupled with chemometric analysis for consistency evaluation of Panax notoginseng saponins injectable formulations / 中国天然药物

Evaluating the consistency of herb injectable formulations could improve their product quality and clinical safety, particularly concerning the composition and content levels of trace ingredients. Panax notoginseng Saponins Injection (PNSI), widely used in China for treating acute cardiovascular diseases, contains low-abundance (10%-25%) and trace saponins in addition to its five main constituents (notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, and ginsenoside Rd). This study aimed to establish a robust analytical method and assess the variability in trace saponin levels within PNSI from different vendors and formulation types. To achieve this, a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method employing multiple ions monitoring (MIM) was developed. A "post-column valve switching" strategy was implemented to eliminate highly abundant peaks (NR1, Rg1, and Re) at 26 min. A total of 51 saponins in PNSI were quantified or relatively quantified using 18 saponin standards, with digoxin as the internal standard. This study evaluated 119 batches of PNSI from seven vendors, revealing significant variability in trace saponin levels among different vendors and formulation types. These findings highlight the importance of consistent content in low-abundance and trace saponins to ensure product control and clinical safety. Standardization of these ingredients is crucial for maintaining the quality and effectiveness of PNSI in treating acute cardiovascular diseases.

Effect of Shugan Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with western medication on depression-insomnia comorbidity due to COVID-19 quarantine: a multi-central randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of Shugan Tiaoshen acupuncture (acupuncture for soothing the liver and regulating the mentality) combined with western medication on depression and sleep quality in the patients with depression-insomnia comorbidity due to COVID-19 quarantine, and investigate the potential mechanism from the perspective of cortical excitability.@*METHODS@#Sixty patients with depression-insomnia comorbidity due to COVID-19 quarantine were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a sham-acupuncture group, 30 cases in each one. The patients of both groups were treated with oral administration of sertraline hydrochloride tablets. In the acupuncture group, Shugan Tiaoshen acupuncture was supplemented. Body acupuncture was applied to Yintang (GV 24+), Baihui (GV 20), Hegu (LI 4), Zhaohai (KI 6), Qihai (CV 6), etc. The intradermal needling was used at Xin (CO15), Gan (CO12) and Shen (CO10). In the sham-acupuncture group, the sham-acupuncture was given at the same points as the acupuncture group. The compensatory treatment was provided at the end of follow-up for the patients in the sham-acupuncture group. In both groups, the treatment was given once every two days, 3 times a week, for consecutive 8 weeks. The self-rating depression scale (SDS) and insomnia severity index (ISI) scores were compared between the two groups before and after treatment and 1 month after the end of treatment (follow-up) separately. The cortical excitability indexes (resting motor threshold [rMT], motor evoked potential amplitude [MEP-A], cortical resting period [CSP]) and the level of serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured before and after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment and in follow-up, SDS and ISI scores were decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the scores in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the sham-acupuncture group (P<0.05), and the decrease range in the acupuncture group after treatment was larger than that in the sham-acupuncture group (P<0.05). After treatment, rMT was reduced (P<0.05), while MEP-A and CSP were increased (P<0.05) in the acupuncture group compared with that before treatment. The levels of serum 5-HT in both groups were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). The rMT in the acupuncture group was lower than that in the sham-acupuncture group, while MEP-A and CSP, as well as the level of serum 5-HT were higher in the acupuncture group in comparison with the sham-acupuncture group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Shugan Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with western medication can relieve depression and improve sleep quality in the patients with depression-insomnia comorbidity due to COVID-19 quarantine, which is probably related to rectifying the imbalanced excitatory and inhibitory neuronal functions.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its association with lifestyle factors in adults from 10 regions of China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the distribution of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study and evaluate the association between lifestyle risk factors and CKD. Methods: Based on the baseline survey data and follow-up data (as of December 31, 2018) of the CKB study, the differences in CKD cases' area and population distributions were described. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the association between lifestyle risk factors and the risk of CKD. Results: A total of 505 147 participants, 4 920 cases of CKD were recorded in 11.26 year follow up with a incidence rate of 83.43/100 000 person-years. Glomerulonephropathy was the most common type. The incidence of CKD was higher in the urban area, men, and the elderly aged 60 years and above (87.83/100 000 person-years, 86.37/100 000 person-years, and 132.06/100 000 person-years). Current male smokers had an increased risk for CKD compared with non-smokers or occasional smokers (HR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.05-1.31). The non-obese population was used as a control group, both general obesity determined by BMI (HR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.10-1.29) and central obesity determined by waist circumference (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.19-1.35) were associated with higher risk for CKD. Conclusion: The risks for CKD varied with area and population in the CKB cohort study, and the risk was influenced by multiple lifestyle factors.

Application of minimally invasive percutaneous nephroscopic plasma electrode decortication in the treatment of renal cysts / 现代泌尿外科杂志

Laparoscopic decortication is the standardized surgical treatment for simple renal cysts. With the continuous maturation of minimally invasive techniques, percutaneous nephroscopic decortication and decompression is gradually implemented, which has advantages of minimal invasiveness, fast recovery and good prognosis. Ureteroscopic plasma electrode is a modified procedure, which can achieve more exact intraoperative hemostasis and efficient cutting efficiency than traditional surgery. This article reviews the current treatments of simple renal cysts, and introduces our experience of using minimally invasive percutaneous nephroscopic plasma electrode decortication, its surgical procedures and technical points.

Management of vena cava tumor thrombus dislodgement in robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery / 现代泌尿外科杂志

Renal cancer complicated with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus has been difficult to manage in urological surgery, because it has a complex anatomical relationship and involves vascular blockage of vital organs such as kidney, liver and heart, as well as the blockage and reconstruction of inferior vena cava. In addition, tumor thrombus dislodgement may occur intraoperatively, leading to acute pulmonary embolism, which makes the surgery extremely difficult and risky. In this paper, we report the successful treatment of thrombus dislodgement in a case of right kidney tumor with inferior vena cava thrombus during robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery and explore the treatment methods, aiming to avoid lethal pulmonary embolism caused by tumor thrombus dislodgement.

Puerarin reduces intracellular Ca2+ concentration and upregulates BDNF to protect hippocampal neurons in vascular dementia rats / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To observe the effect of puerarin on the concentration of Ca2+ and the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampal neurons of vascular dementia (VD) rats so as to explore the mechanism of puerarin in protecting nerve cells. 【Methods】 Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, and puerarin intervention group. The vascular dementia model was established by ligating bilateral common carotid arteries at intervals of 3 days. Two weeks after the operation, the learning and memory abilities of the rats were evaluated by Morris water maze, and the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus of the rats was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mean fluorescence intensity was measured by flow cytometry to represent the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. 【Results】 In the puerarin intervention group, the rats’ escape latency in Morris water maze was significantly shortened, the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus was significantly increased, and the concentration of Ca2+ in hippocampal neurons was decreased. Compared with the model group, the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Puerarin has neuroprotective effect on VD rats, and its mechanism may be related to the decrease of Ca2+ concentration in hippocampal neurons and the up-regulation of BDNF expression.

Effect of histone H4 on polarization of alveolar macrophages in mice with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中国职业医学

Objective To investigate the role of histone H4 in the polarization of alveolar macrophages (AM) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in mice. Methods i) The specific pathogen free male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/kg LPS groups, with six mice in each group. The mice in the LPS groups were intratracheally administered LPS according to their respective doses, while the mice in the control group received an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline. After 12 hours, the arterial blood gas was analyzed, and the pulmonary edema and histopathological changes in lung tissues of mice in each group were observed. The level of histone H4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay , and mice AMs of the five group were isolated using adherent method. ii) AMs from normal mice were isolated using adherent method and randomly divided into control group, histone H4 injury group, BALF injury group and anti-histone H4 antibody (anti-H4) intervention group. In the histone H4 injury group, AMs were treated with histone H4 at a final concentration of 20 mg/L. In the BALF injury group and anti-H4 intervention group, AMs were treated with 200 μL BALF supernatant from mice intratracheally administered 6 mg/kg body weight LPS, with the latter group treated with 25 mg/L anti-H4 antibody. The control group AMs were treated with phosphate-buffered saline. iii) After 12 hours of stimulation, the cells were collected, and the relative expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (Tnfa), interleukin-1β (Il1b), differentiation antigen 206 (Cd206) and arginase 1 (Arg1) in AMs was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results i) Compared with the control group, mice in all four LPS groups exhibited rapid breathing, inflammatory reaction and lung edema in lung tissues, which were aggravated in a dose-dependent manner. The ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen in mice decreased with the increase of LPS dose (P<0.05). The wet/dry weight ratio of lung, the level of histone H4 in BALF and the relative expression of Tnfa and Il1b mRNA in AMs increased with the increase of LPS dose (all P<0.05). The mice in the 6 and 8 mg/kg LPS groups developed ARDS. The level of histone H4 in BALF and the relative expression of Tnfa and Il1b mRNA in AMs of mice in 6 and 8 mg/kg LPS groups were higher than those in the other three groups (all P<0.05). ii) The relative expression of Tnfa and Il1b mRNA increased (both P<0.05), and the relative expression of Cd206 and Arg1 mRNA decreased (both P<0.05) in AMs of histone H4 injury group and BALF injury group compared with the control group. Compared with BALF injury group, the relative mRNA expression of Tnfa and Il1b in AMs of anti-H4 intervention group decreased (both P<0.05), while the relative expression of Arg1 mRNA increased (P<0.05). Conclusion LPS can induce a dose-dependent increase in histone H4 levels in BALF in mice. Histone H4 drives the development of ARDS by activating AMs to M1 polarization. Antagonizing histone H4 to interfere with AM polarization to M1 could be a target for the treatment of ARDS.

Changes in percentage of GATA3+ regulatory T cells and their pathogenic roles in allergic rhinitis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes in percentage of GATA3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and mouse models.@*METHODS@#The nasal mucosa specimens were obtained from 6 AR patients and 6 control patients for detection of nasal mucosal inflammation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 12 AP patients and 12 control patients to determine the percentages of Treg cells and GATA3+ Treg cells. In a C57BL/6 mouse model of AR, the AR symptom score, peripheral blood OVA-sIgE level, and nasal mucosal inflammation were assessed, and the spleen of mice was collected for detecting the percentages of Treg cells and GATA3+ Treg cells and the expressions of Th2 cytokines.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control patients, AR patients showed significantly increased eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell proliferation in the nasal mucosa (P < 0.01) and decreased percentages of Treg cells and GATA3+ Treg cells (P < 0.05). The mouse models of AR also had more obvious allergic symptoms, significantly increased OVA-sIgE level in peripheral blood, eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia (P < 0.01), markedly lowered percentages of Treg cells and GATA3+ Treg cells in the spleen (P < 0.01), and increased expressions of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The percentage of GATA3+ Treg cells is decreased in AR patients and mouse models. GATA3+ Treg cells possibly participate in Th2 cell immune response, both of which are involved in the occurrence and progression of AR, suggesting the potential of GATA3+ Treg cells as a new therapeutic target for AR.

Application of a novel artificial perfusate based on oxygen-carrying nanoparticles in normothermic machine perfusion for porcine liver preservation after cardiac death / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy of a novel artificial perfusate based on oxygen-carrying perfluoronaphthalene-albumin nanoparticles in normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) for preservation of porcine liver donation after cardiac death.@*METHODS@#Artificial perfusate with perfluoronaphthalene-albumin nanoparticles was prepared at 5% albumin (w/v) and its oxygen carrying capacity was calculated. The livers of 16 Landrace pigs were isolated after 1 h of warm ischemia, and then they were divided into 4 groups and preserved continuously for 24 h with different preservation methods: cold preservation with UW solution (SCS group), NMP preservation by whole blood (blood NMP group), NMP preservation by artificial perfusate without nanoparticles (non-nanoparticles NMP group) and NMP preservation by artificial perfusate containing nanoparticles (nanoparticles NMP group). Hemodynamics, tissue metabolism, biochemical indices of perfusate and bile were monitored every 4 h after the beginning of NMP. Liver tissue samples were collected for histological examination (HE and TUNEL staining) before preservation, 12 h and 24 h after preservation.@*RESULTS@#The oxygen carrying capacity of nanoparticles in 100 mL artificial perfusate was 6.94 μL/mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The hepatic artery and portal vein resistance of nanoparticles NMP group and blood NMP group remained stable during perfusion, and the vascular resistance of nanoparticles NMP group was lower than that of blood NMP group. The concentration of lactic acid in the perfusate decreased to the normal range within 8 h in both nanoparticles NMP group and blood NMP group. There were no significant differences in accumulated bile production, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in perfusate between nanoparticles NMP group and blood NMP group (all P>0.05). After 24 h perfusion, the histological Suzuki score in blood NMP group and nanoparticles NMP group was lower than that in SCS group and non-nanoparticles NMP group (all P<0.05), and the quantities of TUNEL staining positive cells in blood NMP group and non-nanoparticles NMP group was higher than those in nanoparticles NMP group and SCS group 12 h and 24 h after preservation (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Artificial perfusate based on oxygen-carrying nanoparticles can meet the oxygen supply requirements of porcine livers donation after cardiac death during NMP preservation, and it may has superiorities in improving tissue microcirculation and alleviating ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Risk factors for neonatal asphyxia and establishment of a nomogram model for predicting neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.

Correlation between macrophage chemotaxis and disease severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the enhancement of macrophage chemotaxis in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and its correlation with the disease severity.@*METHODS@#Eighty patients with KOA admitted from July 2019 to June 2022 were enrolled as the observation group and divided into 29 cases of moderate group, 30 cases of severe group and 21 cases of extremely severe group. At the same time, 30 healthy subjects were included as the control group. The gene expressions of NF-κB, CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) and CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) in macrophages of each group were analyzed. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate the degree of joint pain. Joint function was evaluated by knee Joint Society Scoring system(KSS). Finally, data analysis was carried out.@*RESULTS@#The expression levels of NF-κB, CXCR7 and CXCL12 in moderate group, severe group and extreme recombination group were higher than those in control group. The VAS, the expression of NF-κB, CXCR7 and CXCL12 in the severe group and the extreme recombination group were higher than those in the moderate group, whereas KSS was lower than that in the moderate group. The VAS, expression levels of NF-κB, CXCR7 and CXCL12 in the extremely severe group were higher than those in the severe group, and KSS was lower than that in the severe group (all P<0.01). The expression levels of NF-κB, CXCR7 and CXCL12 in macrophages were positively correlated with VAS score, but negatively correlated with KSS(all P<0.01). The expression levels of NF-κB, CXCR7 and CXCL12 in macrophages were positively correlated with the severity of disease. After excluding the influence of traditional factors (gender, age and disease duration), multiple linear regression analysis further showed that the expression levels of NF-κB, CXCR7 and CXCL12 were still positively correlated with the severity of disease(all P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The chemotaxis of macrophages in patients with KOA increased with the aggravation of the disease, and was related to the degree of pain and function impairment.

SMILESynergy: Anticancer drug synergy prediction based on Transformer pre-trained model / 生物医学工程学杂志

The synergistic effect of drug combinations can solve the problem of acquired resistance to single drug therapy and has great potential for the treatment of complex diseases such as cancer. In this study, to explore the impact of interactions between different drug molecules on the effect of anticancer drugs, we proposed a Transformer-based deep learning prediction model-SMILESynergy. First, the drug text data-simplified molecular input line entry system (SMILES) were used to represent the drug molecules, and drug molecule isomers were generated through SMILES Enumeration for data augmentation. Then, the attention mechanism in the Transformer was used to encode and decode the drug molecules after data augmentation, and finally, a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) was connected to obtain the synergy value of the drugs. Experimental results showed that our model had a mean squared error of 51.34 in regression analysis, an accuracy of 0.97 in classification analysis, and better predictive performance than the DeepSynergy and MulinputSynergy models. SMILESynergy offers improved predictive performance to assist researchers in rapidly screening optimal drug combinations to improve cancer treatment outcomes.

Automated Classification of Inherited Retinal Diseases in Optical Coherence Tomography Images Using Few-shot Learning / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To develop a few-shot learning (FSL) approach for classifying optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in patients with inherited retinal disorders (IRDs).@*METHODS@#In this study, an FSL model based on a student-teacher learning framework was designed to classify images. 2,317 images from 189 participants were included. Of these, 1,126 images revealed IRDs, 533 were normal samples, and 658 were control samples.@*RESULTS@#The FSL model achieved a total accuracy of 0.974-0.983, total sensitivity of 0.934-0.957, total specificity of 0.984-0.990, and total F1 score of 0.935-0.957, which were superior to the total accuracy of the baseline model of 0.943-0.954, total sensitivity of 0.866-0.886, total specificity of 0.962-0.971, and total F1 score of 0.859-0.885. The performance of most subclassifications also exhibited advantages. Moreover, the FSL model had a higher area under curves (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in most subclassifications.@*CONCLUSION@#This study demonstrates the effective use of the FSL model for the classification of OCT images from patients with IRDs, normal, and control participants with a smaller volume of data. The general principle and similar network architectures can also be applied to other retinal diseases with a low prevalence.