Mechanism of high-salt diet up-regulating TMEM16A-induced cerebral arterial remodeling in C57BL/6J mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the mechanism of high salt-induced cerebral artery remodeling in mice by up-regulating TMEM16A. Methods Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups (10 per group, 8 weeks of intervention), namely, blank control group (normal diet), low-salt group (2% high salt diet), medium-salt group (4% high salt diet) and high-salt group (8% high salt diet). HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of cerebral arteries; blood vessel permeability test was used to compare the color and absorbance value of brain tissue. Immunofluorescence was employed to detect TMEM16A expression in cerebral arteries of mice in each group; PCR and Western blot were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expression of TMEM16A in cerebral arterial tissues; whole-cell patch clamp was use to record the calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) currents of mouse cerebral artery smooth muscle cells in each group. Results HE results showed that 2%, 4%, and 8% high salt diet could concentra-tion-dependently induce cerebral arterial wall thickening and lumen stenosis in C57BL/6J mice. The permeability test found that compared with the control group, the absorbance value of the brain tissue of the mice in the 2%, 4% and 8% high salt groups increased significantly. The results of isolated muscle tension showed that compared with the control group, the systolic response of isolated cerebral arteries to 60 mmol • L

Concurrent renal cell carcinoma and central nervous system lymphoma in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

To report an unusual case of synchronous renal cell carcinoma and CNS lymphoma in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease [ADPKD]. A 58-year-old woman presented with progressive right hemiparesis of 2 months' duration. A brain CT scan revealed multiple enhanced lesions in the basal ganglia and the right occipital lobe. CMS lymphoma was confirmed by a stereotactic biopsy. Polycystic kidneys and a right renal mass were found incidentally. It was decided to treat the patient with cranial radiotherapy and chemotherapy first. The patient achieved complete remission of CMS lymphoma after 3 months, but the renal mass remained unchanged. A needle biopsy of the renal mass revealed renal cell carcinoma and unilateral nephrectomy was performed successfully. The patient remained in complete remission at 6-year follow-up. The patient was treated successfully with a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and unilateral nephrectomy. This report highlights the need for clinicians to remain alert to the possibility of double malignancies while caring for ADPKD patients, especially when multiple unexplained manifestations exist