RÉSUMÉ
Objective:To analyze the preoperative and postoperative color Doppler ultrasonographic features of Abernethy malformation in children, and to investigate the value of ultrasound diagnosis of Abernethy malformation and postoperative complications.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and ultrasound data of twelve cases of Abernethy malformation confirmed by surgical treatment in the General Surgery Department of the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from February 2017 to November 2021. A comparison was made between preoperative ultrasound and intraoperative portal vein angiography after shunt ligation to explore the accuracy of preoperative ultrasound in diagnosing Abernethy malformation; The common location of thrombosis after shunt ligation was summarized by comparing postoperative ultrasound with CT angiography.Results:Preoperative ultrasonography showed no main portal vein or cable shape in 9 cases, and they were diagnosed as probable Abernethy type Ⅰ; The main portal vein was narrow in 3 cases, and they were diagnosed as Abernethy type Ⅱ. The main portal veins of 11 case were developing and they were confirmed as Abernethy malformation type Ⅱ by portal vein angiography after blocking of portosystemic shunt; the main portal vein of 1 case was not developing which was confirmed as Abernethy type Ⅰ. The classification accuracy of preoperative ultrasound diagnosis of Abernethy malformation was 33.3%. Preoperative ultrasound diagnosis of shunt vessel location: the coarse inferior mesenteric veins of 7 cases flowed into the iliac vein, the coarse inferior mesenteric vein of 1 case flowed into the inferior vena cava, splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein converged and flowed into inferior vena cava in 2 cases, splenic vein and left renal vein communicated in 2 cases. The location of shunt vessels diagnosed by portal vein X-ray angiography was basically consistent with preoperative ultrasonography. At the same time, inferior mesenteric vein shunt combined with tortuous and dilated vein network on colorectal surface was observed. After ligation of shunt vessels, all of shunt vessels were occluded or thrombolized in varying degrees.Splenic vein retropancreatic segment of three cases occured secondary thrombosis, and one case of blocked portal vein occured secondary cavernous change. All the thrombi were confirmed by CT angiography.Conclusions:①The main portal vein of Abernethy malformation type Ⅱ is tenuous, and is easily misdiagnosed Abernethy malformation type Ⅰ by preoperative ultrasound examination; ②Preoperative ultrasound can determine the location of Abernethy malformed shunt vessels; ③The shunt between the inferior mesenteric vein-iliac vein/inferior vena cava should be emphatically explored in children with recurrent hematochezia; ④Postoperative ultrasound can detect portal vein thrombosis early and provide help for clinical anticoagulant therapy.
RÉSUMÉ
Objective:To develop nursing quality evaluation indicator system for perioperative patients with Da Vinci robotic under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS), in order to provide references for clinical evaluation of nursing quality for lobectomy patients.Methods:Based on the theory of structure-process-outcome quality model and ERAS, literature review, semi-structured interviews were adopted to determine nursing quality indicator system for perioperative patients. Delphi method was used in two rounds of consultation among 21 experts.Results:The positive coefficient was 100%, authority coefficient was 0.839,0.901, and the coefficients of concordance were 0.317,0.335. The final indicator system consisted of 3 first-level indicators, 14 second-level indicators, and 52 third-level indicators.Conclusion:The nursing quality evaluation indicator system for lobectomy patients with Da Vinci robotic was scientific and reliable, which can provide scientific references for evaluating nursing quality for perioperative patients with Da Vinci robotic under ERAS.
RÉSUMÉ
Objective:To construct nursing-sensitive indicators system of perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation for patients in thoracicsurgery, so as to provide scientific monitoring standards for nursing quality of pulmonary rehabilitation.Methods:Based on the theory of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) , evidence synthesis was conducted based on Johns Hopkins evidence-based nursing method for laying the foundation for nursing-sensitive quality indicators system of perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation.Based on the analysis results of the quality of nursing in the past two years, and though group discussion, appropriate indicators feasible to application were determined, and nursing-sensitive quality indicators, calculation formulas were preliminarily decided. Through two rounds of experts consultation, the nursing-sensitive quality indicators system of pulmonary rehabilitation was improved and established.Results:After two rounds of expert consultations, the constructed nursing-sensitive quality indicators system of pulmonary rehabilitation included 3 first-class indicators, 6 second-class indicators, and 31 third-class indicators. Positive coefficients of two rounds of expert consultation were both 100%, authority coefficients were 0.827 and 0.861, respectively, and the coordination coefficients were 0.309 and 0.372.Conclusion:The nursing-sensitive quality indicators system was scientific and practical and it was beneficial to regulate the behavior of nurses and improve the nursing quality of pulmonary rehabilitation.
RÉSUMÉ
Thyroid is an important endocrine organ of the human body for secreting necessary thyroid hormone, which is important to promote the development of human skeleton and nervous system.Thyroid hormone is used to evaluate thyroid function, changing by different race, gender, age, living habits, living area, iodine intake levels and so on.Various laboratory testing instrument and supporting reagents also can affect thyroid hormone reference range.At present, laboratory only sets special thyroid hormone reference interval for pregnant women, and does not set reference interval according to specific age and gender.
RÉSUMÉ
Objective To evaluate the value and security of the use of medical thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of elderly patients with un‐known pleural effusion and to analyze the finally pathological results .Methods STORZ medical thoracoscopy was used to retrospectively study the 68 patients with unknown pleural effusion .Multiple punch biopsy was taken in the questionable diseased regions under direct vi‐sion .The changes of patients′condition in intraoperative and postoperative ,and the causes of pleural effusion were observed .Results Sixty‐three cases were confirmed in 68 cases of patients with unexplained pleural effusion ,the diagnostic rate was 92 .6% .In all cases ,26 cases (38 .2% ) were tuberculosis ,31 cases (45 .6% ) were malignant tumor ,3 cases (4 .4% ) were chronic pus chest and Aspergillus infection in 1 case(1 .5% ) ,a large number of aspergillus hyphae were found in biopsy tissue .Non‐specific inflammatory changed in 7 cases (10 .3% ) ,in which 2 patients were eventually diagnosed with pleural effusion caused by pulmonary schistosomiasis ,and the rest cases were still un‐known .All cases had no serious complications .Conclusion Medical thoracoscopy have a good effect in diagnosing elderly patients with un‐explained pleural effusion ,which could be easily and safely performed .The primary cause of unexplained pleural effusion in elder patients may be malignant tumor ,followed by tuberculosis .