Bronchiolitis with montelukast; to determine improvement in symptoms in 02 months to 02 years old children

To assess the efficacy of montelukast in children with bronchiolitis. Experimental-Preventive. Pediatrics department Allied/DHQ hospital affiliated with Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, from 1[st] Nov 2007 to 30[th] April 2008. One hundred children of bronchiolitis were studied in two equal groups, group A and group B. To group A montelukast along with symptomatic treatment was given. Group B was given only symptomatic treatment. The criteria of treatment efficacy was taken as number of symptoms free days and nights, bronchiodilator rescue therapy, duration of hospital stay and complications like worsening of symptoms, ventilatory support and side effects of drug therapy. Symptoms free days were increased in group A as compare to group B [P value = 0.000] whereas duration of symptoms free nights were significant numerically but not statistically. There was a significant reduction in exacerbations [P = 0.046] and use of rescue therapy [beta 2-agonist] in group A. Leukotriene receptor antagonist [LRTA] reduced the duration and severity of lung symptoms in children with Bronchiolitis

Effect of dialysis on bleeding time in chronic renal failure

Renal failure is associated with severe hemorrhagic complications. Platelets play an important role in coagulation and their dysfunction may be responsible for the bleeding tendency in these patients. 60 patients with advanced failure were investigated for bleeding tendency due to platelet dysfunction. The pre-dialysis platelet count was 46 to 325x10[9]/L [mean 166x10[9]/L]. Post-dialysis platelet count was 60 to 310x10[9]/L [mean172x109/L]. Pre-dialysis mean bleeding time [BT] was 4.95 +/- 0.27 minutes [range 1.30 to 20 minutes]. Thirty three patients [55%] had prolonged BT before dialysis. Mean BT in all patients after dialysis was 3.46 +/- 0.24 minutes [range 1.15 to 10 minutes]. BT was corrected in 27 [81.8%] out of 33 patients with prolonged BT before dialysis. In 6 patients [10%] it remained prolonged. This improvement in BT after dialysis was statistically significant [p value< 0.001]. Both peritoneal and hemodialysis resulted in significant improvement in bleeding time