Fatores associados à prevalência de cárie dentária em crianças em Montes Claros - MG / Prevalence of dental caries in children and adolescents and associated factors in Montes Claros - MG

Objetivo: determinar os fatores associados à prevalência de cárie dentária em crianças atendidas em uma clínica de odontopediatria no norte de Minas Gerais. Métodos: estudo transversal retrospectivo, documental de abordagem quantitativa, por meio da avaliação de prontuários na clínica de odontopediatria e tabulação dos dados no programa Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) software version 23.0 for MacBook. Foram incluídos crianças e adolescentes de 2 a 12 anos que realizaram pelo menos uma sessão com procedimento clínico. Foram excluídos os prontuários que não apresentavam dados relacionados ao exame clínico ou que não constavam a assinatura do responsável legal.Resultados: Foram avaliados 459 prontuários, sendo 45 excluídos devido à ausência do exame clínico intrabucal. A amostra final foi composta por 414 prontuários de crianças e adolescentes. Dos avaliados 55,56% (n = 230) eram do gênero masculino e a média de idade sendo de 7,6 anos. Foi observado a presença de lesão cariosa cavitada em dentes decíduos e ou permanentes em 72,95% dos indivíduos, e estes apresentavam higiene bucal insatisfatória em 91,87% dos casos. Além disso, crianças e adolescentes sem presença de cárie foram ao dentista para um retorno periódico em 43,27% dos avaliados. Conclusão: Foi verificado uma alta prevalência da lesão cariosa, relacionado aos hábitos dos avaliados, portanto, deve-se adquirir medidas preventivas e tratamento em saúde bucal precoce, buscando minimizar os acometimentos e prejuízos em saúde bucal.

Aim:Determine the factors associated with the prevalence of dental caries in children treated at a pediatric dentistry clinic in the north of Minas Gerais. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional, documentary study with a quantitative approach, through the evaluation of medical records at the pediatric dentistry clinic and data tabulation in the Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) software version 23.0 for MacBook. Children and adolescents aged 2 to 12 years who underwent at least one clinical procedure session were included. Records that did not present data related to the clinical examination or that did not contain the signature of the legal guardian were excluded. Results: 459 medical records were evaluated, 45 of which were excluded due to the absence of intraoral clinical examination. The final sample consisted of 414 medical records of children and adolescents. Of those evaluated, 55.56% (n = 230) were male, and the average age was 7.6 years. The presence of cavitated carious lesions in primary and/or permanent teeth was observed in 72.95% of individuals, and they had unsatisfactory oral hygiene in 91.87% of cases. Furthermore, children and adolescents without the presence of cavities went to the dentist for periodic check-ups in 43.27% of those evaluated. Conclusion: A high prevalence of carious lesions was found, related to the habits of those evaluated; therefore, preventive measures and early oral health treatment must be acquired, seeking to minimize problems and losses in oral health

Malocclusion Impact Scale for Early Childhood (MIS-EC): development and validation

Abstract: This study aimed to develop and validate the Malocclusion Impact Scale for Early Childhood (MIS-EC), a malocclusion-specific measure of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children aged 3-5 years and their parents/caregivers. A pool of items was analysed to identify those relevant to the assessment of the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL. Dental professionals and mothers of children with and without malocclusion rated the importance of these items. The final version of the MIS-EC was evaluated in a cross-sectional study comprising 381 parents of children aged 3-5 years to assess construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Twenty-two items were identified from item pooling. After item reduction, eight items were chosen to constitute the MIS-EC, in addition to two general questions. The MIS-EC demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79 for the Child Impact section and 0.53 for the Family Impact section), and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.94), floor effect was 55.7% and ceiling effect 0%. MIS-EC scores indicating worse OHRQoL were significantly associated with the presence of malocclusion (p < 0.05). The MIS-EC is reliable and valid for assessing the impact of malocclusion on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents/caregivers.

Dental caries in schoolchildren: influence of inattention, hyperactivity and executive functions

Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. Individuals with ADHD may present limitations with regard to executive functions and performing activities that involve planning and/or attention/concentration. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between dental caries and signs of ADHD in a representative sample of schoolchildren. A representative sample of 851 schoolchildren aged seven to 12 years was randomly selected from public and private schools. Data acquisition involved a clinical dental examination for cavitated permanent and deciduous teeth using the DMFT/dmft indices. Neuropsychological evaluations, including the assessment of intelligence (Raven's Colored Progressive Matrix Test) and executive functions (Corsi Tapping Blocks tests and Digit Span test) were also performed. Parents/caregivers and teachers answered the SNAP-IV Questionnaire for the investigation of signs of inattention and hyperactivity in the family and school environment. Parents/caregivers also answered questionnaires addressing socioeconomic and socio-demographic characteristics. Descriptive analysis of the variables and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed. Parental reports of signs of inattention (PR: 1.28; p < 0.05) and hyperactivity (PR: 1.15; p < 0.05) were associated with a greater occurrence of caries. A better performance on the backward order of the Corsi Tapping Blocks tests (PR: 0.94; p < 0.05) and higher level of mother's schooling were associated with a lower frequency of caries. A better performance on executive function tasks was a protective factor against dental caries, whereas children considered inattentive and/or hyperactive by their parents had a higher prevalence rate of dental caries.