[Early hearing screening by otoacoustic emissions and auditory brain stem response in Nabeul]

Hearing loss is the most common congenital abnormality with a reported prevalence of 1 to 3% live births. Early detection and intervention is critical to prevent the adverse consequences of a delayed diagnosis on speech language and cognitive development. Study the frequency of deafness in the newborns and the infants under 6 months followed in Tlatli Hospital in Nabeul and to search for correlations with risk factors identified by the Joint Committee on Infant Screening. 397 children aged between 04 days and 5 months with deafness risks are tested on two-stage strategy of evoked otoacoustic emissions [EOAE] and auditory brain stem response [ABR]. EOAE test is positif in 9,32% of cases [37 children] and the ABR test is positif at 7 of these ; that is 1,76% of cases. Significant statistic correlations were found with the antecedent of bacterial meningitis [p=0,001] and trisomy 21 [p=0,018]. Unfortunately 40% of the children were lost to follow-up. EOAE with ABR provide an excellent procosis screening technique of hearing loss. Such screening implies however the creation of networks to assure patient follow up

[Chronic septic granulomatosis in children revealed by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis]

Chronic granulomatosis disease [GCD] is a hereditary abnormality of phagocytic cells, frequently revealed by invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis. The authors report the case of 8 year old girl investigates for hypotrophia, recurrent lung disease and hemoptysia. She was treated for pulmonary tuberculosis because of biological inflammatory syndrome, right alveolar, opacity and positive tuberculin skin test. The course was marked by the development of a thoracic wall mass. Anti- aspergillus serology was positive; culture of the thoracic mass puncture and bronchoalveolar lavage isolated fumigatus Aspergillus. GCD was suggested and confirmed by the NBT test