Embolized amplatzer duct occluder to aorta: retrieval technique

A 4-year-old girl had an Amplatzer duct occluder embolized to the descending aorta immediately after closure of patent ductus arteriosus: a novel technique of retrieval

Psoriasis induced by infliximab in a Saudi patient with ankylosing spondylitis

Although the therapeutic uses of tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists have added a highly effective treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and associated spondyloarthropathies, they are associated with many untoward effects. We describe a Saudi patient with ankylosing spondylitis who developed severe psoriatic lesions in treatment with infliximab. He had no personal, or family history of psoriasis, and no other triggering factors known to induce psoriasis

Fluid regulation and A.D.H. in rat oestrus cycle; the effect of difluoromethyl ornithine [demo] and oestradiol

Plasma ADH concentration have been shown to fluctuate during the oestrus cycle of the rat and following ovariectomy. Oestradiol is also known to participate in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance. To determine how these variations in ADH and oestradiol concentrations are related to fluid balance, studies have been carried out in the overiectomized female rats injected subcutaneously daily with oestradiol benzoate [50 [micro]g/rat] and specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase [ODC]; difuormethylorithine [DEMO 20 mg/100 g.b.w] for 7 days. The animals were housed in individual metabolism cages under 12 hr dark regimen with free excess to food and water. Urine samples to determine volume were obtained and food and water intake recorded at 8:00-9:00 and 17:00-18:00 hr. Plasma samples for determination of ADH levels by radioimmunoassay were taken. In DFMO and cestradiol benzoate treated rats, food and water intake were reduced during both dark and light periods compared with vehicle treated rats. But more urine output was observed in these animals. The result of this study indicate decreased water retention in the drug treated animals as compared to the controls. The observations of this study have shown that the underlying cause of fluid retention in the cycling rat during pro-oestrus may the oestradiol dependent elevation of the ADH levels. Furthermore, this increase in ODC activity in the hypothalamic neurons is part of mechanism underlying the oestradiol induced ADH release

Ocular involvement in various types of leprosy

In total 100 patients were studied at random, over a period of seven months in Leprosy Hospital Rawalpindi, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar and skin department, Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Out of these 39 had lepromatous leprosy [LL], 21 border line lepromatous [BL], 5 border line leprosy [BB], 22 Border line tuberculoid [BT] and 13 tuberculoid leprosy [TT]. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The mean age was 60 years and duration of disease was 20 years in 44% of the patients. Mode of presentation was mixed, involving both nerves and skin and 21% had positive family history.

The ocular complications were found in 67% of the studied patients. Many patients had more than one findings. These include loss of eye brows 41 patients, madarosis 32, corneal hypoaesthesia 21, other corneal lesions [including opacity, ulceration and keratitis] 24, lagophthalmos 25, chronic anterior uveitis 18, and acute anterior uveitis 7. Out of the total, 9 were declared blind, 5 due to corneal complications and 4 due to complications of chronic uveitis

Fluid regulation and ADH in rat oestrous: the effects of oestradiol

To determine how fluctuations in vasopressin are related to fluid balance, studies were carried out in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats injected daily with either vehicle or oestradiol benzoate [50, micro g/rat] for 14 days. The animals were housed individually under 12 Light/12 h dark regimen with free access to food and water. Inputs and outputs were recorded and urine samples obtained to determine volume and osmolality. Plasma vasopressin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. In the oestradiol benzoate-treated rats, food and water intakes were reduced during both dark and light periods compared with vehicle-treated rats. Urine output showed a similar pattern of changes and appeared to be related to the vasopressin concentrations. Urine osmolality also correlated with the plasma vasopressin levels. These results indicate water retention in oestradiol benzoate-treated rats, and that Oestradiol - induced increase in vasopressin may play a role in this fluid retention

Fluid balance over oestrus cycle of the rat

Plasma vasopressin concentrations vary throughout the rat oestrus cycle. In order to determine the relationship of these fluctuations to fluid retention, studies were carried out in cycling female albino rats. The animals were housed in individual metabolism cages under 12 hour light/12 hour dark regimen, with free access to food and water. Urine samples to determine volume, osmolality and electrolytes concentrations were obtained and food and water intake recorded between 0800-0900 and 1700-1800 hours. Plasma volume, blood volume and haematocrit were determined. Food intake was significantly reduced on pro-oestrus/oestrus compared to dioestrus I and dioestrus II, possibly due to the influence of the elevated circulating oestradiol levels. Water intake also reduced during the dark phase of pro-oestrus leading to significant decrease in urine flow and a rise in urine osmolality. During the light phase of pro-oestrus, there was a significant increase in urine flow and electrolytes excretion. This enhanced diuresis appears to be due to reduced plasma vasopressin levels during the afternoon of pro-oestrus. These results in cycling rats show that vasopressin may play a role in fluid retention during the rat oestrus cycle

Urinary electrolytes concentrations and water retention in ovariectomized rats treated with oestradiol benzoate

Plasma vasopressin levels have been shown to vary throughout the rat oestrus cycle and following ovariectomy. To determine how the fluctuations in vasopressin are related to fluid balance, studies have been carried out in ovariectomized female sprague-dawley rats injected subcutaneously daily with either vehicle or oestradiol benzoate [50 / [micro] g / rat] for 14 days. The animals were housed in individual metabolism cages under 12 hr light/ 12 hr dark regimen, with free access to food and water. Urine samples to determine electrolytes concentration were obtained. The results of this study indicate water and electrolytes retention in oestradiol benzoate - treated rats and oestradiol - induced increase in vasopressin may play a role in this fluid retention

Pituitary vasopressin concentrations and water retention in ovariectomized rats treated with oestradiol benzoate

Plasma vasopressin levels have been shown to vary throughout the rat oestrus cycle and following ovariectomy. To determine how the fluctuations in vasopressin are related to fluid balance, studies have been carried out in ovariectomized female Spraque-Dawley rats injected subcutaneously daily with either vehicle or oestradiol benzoate [50 / [micro] g/rat] for 14 days. The animals were housed in individual metabolism cages under 12 h light/ 12 h dark regimen with free access to food and water. Blood samples to determine heamatocrit, blood volume, plasma volume and plasma osmolality were obtained. Pituitary fragments were taken to determine pituitary vasopressin concentration by radio- immunoassay. The results of this study indicate water retention in oestradiol benzoate - treated rats and oestradiol - induced increase in vasopressin may play a role in this fluid retention

comparative study of incidence of post spinal headache with different bore spinal needles

The study was designed to know the incidence of Headache during seven days after spinal anaesthesia. Disposable spinal needles of two standard gauges [No. 22 and No. 20] were used on two groups of patients. It was found that incidence of post spinal headache is more in that group of patients, in which wide bore needles [No. 20] were used for the dural puncture and subsequent analgesia