Leadership styles of dental college principals in Lahore, Pakistan

Leadership has many dimensions. Bolman and Deal synthesized the diverse body of leadership theory into four cognitive perspectives, or frames, which they labeled structural, human resource, political and symbolic. Effective educational leaders use multiple frames according to need, and consistently use the political frame. This study was undertaken to determine leadership styles of dental college principals in Lahore, using Bolman and Deal's leadership frames model, and to relate the leadership style to effectiveness of leadership and management. A questionnaire was administered to 43 faculty members in two dental colleges. Scores for the four leadership frames were calculated and related to effectiveness of leadership and management. Faculty perceived dental college principals to be strongest in the structural frame, followed closely by the human resource and symbolic frames, suggesting a multi-frame leadership orientation. The political frame was perceived as the weakest, but with high variance in ratings. The principals were perceived to be significantly more effective in management compared to leadership. There were no significant relationships between leadership frames and effectiveness of leadership and management

Effects of anterior maxillary expansion: a postero-anterior cephalometric evaluation

The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the effects of anterior maxillary expansion screw [RAGNO] on anteriorly narrow maxilla cases. [V-shaped arches]. The study involved 11 patients with average age 17.5 years. All patients had permanent dentition with anteriorly constricted maxilla; normal intermolar width and no cross bite in the posterior region with mild to moderate crowding in the anterior region of the maxillary arch. The angular and linear changes related to maxilla were analyzed by Welcoxon signed rank test. Postro anterior [PA] cephalometric radiograph [T1] were taken before, [T2] immediately after and [T3] 3 months after expansion. Intercanine distant [ICD] showed significant increase. The comparison of the differences between the retention and the total periods showed significant difference. MIMD did not show any significant change in the different stages of expansion but there is slight increase in distance. There was significant expansion in the intercanine and intermolar width

Evaluating dental changes in treatment of anterior open bite with accentuated curve NiTi wires

The treatment of anterior open bite has proven to be a challenge in orthodontics. In this study we tried to treat anterior open bite patients with a combination of incisor extrusion and molar intrusion. The purpose of the study was to evaluate dental changes taking place due to the effect of accentuated curve NiTi wires with anterior box elastics in anterior open bite patients. The results clearly demonstrate that there has been significant dentoalveolar change. This study confirms that the molars uprighted significantly rather than molar intrusion along with incisor extrusion

Edentulous patients among lower socio-economic group of rural lahore area - a cross sectional study

The objective of this study was to report on the incidence of edentulous patients among the lower soc ioeconomic group of a rural area of Lahore. A cross-sectional study was done using a proforma for collecting information from the selected population. The study was conducted at Prosthodontic Department of Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, over a period from March 2002 to March 2003. Data was collected from five hundred patients who reported for treatment and fulfilled the selection criteria. The gender distribution of the study population was male 48.6% and female 51.4%. The largest population group was above 60 years [26%] and the smallest group of those less than 20 years [2%]. Complete edentulousness was seen in 49.2%. This study shows that the rural area of Lahore has a poor oral health status when compared with WHO standards