Résumé
Background: Jaundice is visible manifestation of raised serum bilirubin. Jaundice in newborns is not an uncommon occurrence. Usually jaundice in newborn is due to elevation of unconjugated bilirubin. There are varied causes of unconjugated hyper bilirubenemia. This study was conceptualized to see the etiology and clinico-hematological profile of neonates with pathological unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia who were admitted in the specific time frame in Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida which is a tertiary care hospital in Western U.P. Methods: This is a retrospective study in which data of all neonates admitted to NICU with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy and/or exchange transfusion in the period 1.7.2018 to 31.12.2018 was collected and analyzed. History including birth weight, mode of delivery, gestational age, mother's blood group, etc. was recorded. Complete physical examination and investigation done for diagnosis noted. Results: It was seen that out of 438 admissions in NICU, 63% had neonatal jaundice and 18.8% of this had pathological unconjugated hyper bilirubenemia. 63.5% were males and 36.5% females. Majority were term babies. Most of the babies developed jaundice on day 3 of life. In 61% cases no cause for jaundice could be ascertained despite investigations for the same. ABO and Rh incompatibility accounted for 15.30% and 5.7% cases respectively. All patients received phototherapy and 3.8% underwent exchange transfusion. Conclusions: From the study it can be concluded that although blood group incompatibility is an important cause of pathological unconjugated hyper bilirubenemia but in most of the cases no cause is usually found.
Résumé
Background: Preterm birth is a major cause of mortality and morbidity for newborns. Complications of prematurity are becoming more common as more survivors are spending time in Neonatal intensive care unit.Methods: A retrospective hospital based clinical observational study was conducted in NICU in Sharda hospital, a tertiary care centre in Greater Noida. Data regarding neonates? age, sex, clinical presentation, maternal risk factors, complications and outcome were recorded.Results: A total of 133 preterm neonates were enrolled in the study. Maternal risk factors like Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was seen in 19.5% cases, Urinary tract infection in 15% and Antepartum haemorrhage in 14.2% cases. Among the complications of prematurity, RDS was noted in 38.3% cases, Hyperbilirubinemia in 16.5% and feed intolerance in 15% cases. Sepsis was present in 3% of the preterm. Mortality rate was 7.5%. Most common cause of death was RDS.Conclusions: Pregnancy induced hypertension and Antepartum haemorrhage were important maternal risk factors for prematurity. Respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal asphyxia were the important causes of mortality in the present study.