Clinicopathologic spectrum of gastrointestinal stromal tumours; six years experience at King Hussein Medical Center

Objectives: to study the clinicopathologic features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors [GISTs], to identify the frequency of risk categories and to predict prognostic factors for disease outcome

Methods: this is a retrospective review of gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases that conducted at department of surgery at King Hussein Medical Center between January 2007 to December 2013. A total of 42 cases of c-KIT [CD 117] positive GISTs were included in this study. Clinical data and histopathological parameters were reviewed. Categorization of risk groups was done according to the National Institute of Health

Results: there were 25 males and 17 females. The mean age of presentation was 56.8 years in males and in 51 years in females. The most common origin of GISTs was stomach in 61.9% followed by small intestine 19%, for colon and rectum 4.7% and 14.4% in others [pancreas, ovaries]. Abdominal pain was the most common presentation for 42% of cases studied. 21.4% of cases were presented with distant metastasis. Spindle cell morphology was the commonest histopathological pattern observed in [54.7%]. Risk categorization based on tumor size and cell proliferation as estimated by mitosis revealed that 59.5% of patients in our clinical settings belonged to high risk group

Conclusion: most of the cases in this group of Jordanian patients belonged to high risk group. Certain clinical and histopathological features including tumor size > 10 cm, mitotic rate >/= 10 /50HPF, tumor necrosis, mucosal ulceration and non-gastric site may be predictors for poor outcome in patients suffering from GISTs

Everolimus induced pneumonitis

Everolimus [BAD 001] is an orally administered inhibitor of mTOR [mammalian target of rapamycin], a central regulator of intracellular signaling pathways involved in cell growth and proliferation, cellular metabolism and angiogenesis. Drug is currently in use to prevent allograft rejection after solid organ transplantation and in treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma [RCC]. Noninfectious pneumonitis is rare adverse reaction associated with rapamycin and rapamycin analogues. Awareness of this toxicity and appropriate management is important to optimize patient safety. Here we report a case of everolimus induced pneumonitis in a 72 years old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma [mRCC] after 4 months of commencement of everolimus. Drug was discontinued and patient was treated accordingly and discharged after 10 days of hospital admission

[Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalchoholic extract of anethum graveolens L. seed]

There are many reports about anti-inflammatory effect of Anethum graveolens L.[A.g] in Iranian traditional medicine. In current decade, based on using of neutriceuticales for healing, the use of herbal drugs became very common. In this study, regarding the mentioned purposes, we have evaluated anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of Hydroalchoholic Extract of A.g seeds. In this research, male mice were used and in inflammatory test they were divided to 6 groups: control, dexamethasone [15 mg/kg], seed A.g. extract [100,200, 400,500mg/kg]. All of the drugs were administered intraperitonally. The inflammation was caused by xylene-induced ear oedema. In order to evaluate the antinocicetive of Anethum graveolens L. seed, we used formalin test. Mice were divided to 6 groups: control, seed A.g. extract [100,200, 400, 500 mg/kg]. All of drugs were administered intraperitonally. The results indicated that A.g. extract has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. This study suggests A.g extract as a candidate for pain relieving for further studies

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid and puerperal infection

Puerperal infection describes any bacterial infection of the genital tract after delivery. It is the cause of 13% of pregnancy related deaths and the fifth leading cause of death. Some studies have addressed the role of meconium-stained amniotic fluid in puerperal infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between meconium-stained amniotic fluid and puerperal infection. In this cohort study 300 pregnant women with gestational age >/= 37 weeks were divided in two groups. In case group amniotic fluid was meconium-stained and in control group amniotic fluid was clear. All patients were delivered by cesarean section and received prophylactic preoperative antibiotics. Patients were checked for puerperal infection within 40 days. All data was analyzed with SPSS. Among 150 patients in case group 2 women [1.3%] developed a fever but none in the control group showed any signs of infection. There was no significant statistical difference between case and control groups [P>0.05]. Although this study, revealed no relation between meconium-stained amniotic fluid and puerperal infection, but, since both groups had received antibiotics, further comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate the role of meconium-staining of the amniotic fluid in the occurrence of post-partum sepsis

comparative study of the antimicrobial effect of scrophularia striata boiss. extract and selective antibiotics against staphylococcus aureus and pesudomonas aeroginosa

The pathogen of the positive gram Staphylococcus aureus and the negative gram Pseudomonas aeroginosa are the most important infectious factors for human. Since the bacterial resistance to the chemical medicines has increased and the plant medicines are of less side effects, nowadays the medical plants have been the focus of attention. In this research, the Staphyloccus aureus and pseudomonas aeroginosa have been isolated. The pathogen of Staphylococcus positive gram bacterium and pseudomonas aeroginosa negative gram after being isolated, they were incubated in a special condition. An extract obtained from a native plant called Scropholaria striata. Then some incubation conditions were prepared from 15 to 4 mac suspensions of these bacteria. To determine the sensitivity, two micro well were made in each incubation condition. In one of the micro well the plant extract and in the other one the positive control 2 i.e. Amikacin and vancomycin were poured, of course with the different densities. After measuring the circle made out of it, the results were studied. They showed that the average of the circle diameters made by scropholoria striate was more than that made by chemical medicines with positive control [p<0.05]. Increasing the density of the extract from 50 microlitre to 90 microlitre, the average of the circle diameters increased [p<0.05]. The achieved results showed that more number of the bactera in each incubation condition, the less the diameter of Staphylococcus aureus circle [p<0.05], but for a genus of pseudomonas the result was not the same. The final results of the research showed that the plant extract of Scropholaria striata can be used as an alternative remedy of the infections coused by these two microorganisms

expression profile of indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase in murine endometrium during estrous cycle

Activation of Indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase [IDO], an enzyme responsible for tryptophan catabolism, has been reported to be a necessary requirement to achieve immunological tolerance against the fetus and protection against intracellular and extracellular pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of IDO gene in murine endometrium and its expression rate in different phases of estrous cycle. Noticing the role of this enzyme especially in the survival of a semi-antigenic embryo, the results of this study may be used as a basis for practical studies on the immunologic bases of recurrent abortions. In this experimental study, we studied the expression of IDO in the female BALB/c mice endometrium during four stages of estrous cycle. The phases of estrous cycle were determined by examining vaginal cytology .At each phase, endometrium was pealed away and the relative expression of IDO mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR using specific primers to IDO and mGAPDH as a housekeeping gene. The specificity of reaction was confirmed by enzymatic digestion of amplicon which yielded to 138bp and 259bp fragments. Our results showed, for the first time, that IDO is expressed in the endometrium of cycling mice during all stages of estrous cycle. The expression of IDO was highest at estrus and lowest at diestrus [p<.001]. Expression of IDO in endometrium during all phases of estrous cycle reveals that this enzyme as an effective arm of innate immune system may serve a role in protecting the female reproductive tract against ascending infections. Also regarding the fact that, mating only occurs at estrus phase, the high expression of IDO in this phase, may act as the main mechanism in inducing immunological tolerance to the fetus

[Evaluation and comparison of the effects of different irradiation patterns and new suggested light exposure pattern on microhardness of composite resin]

Overcoming the side effects of polymerization phenomenon has provoked many researches to find out the solution. Since a desirable polymerization of composite resin is effective in success rate of restorations with these materials, and as there is a direct relationship between light intensity and desirable polymerization or curing depth, therefore it is expected that a suitable exposure pattern to produce a desirable curing depth to could overcome the side effects of polymerization phenomenon. The aim of this study was to present a new light exposure pattern for composite curing and evaluation of its effect on microhardness and degree of polymerization of composite in respect to some other light exposure patterns. In an in vitro study, 4 groups of 5 brass cylinders were used and one bulky was filled with Tetric [registered]Ceram composite. Then samples in the first three groups were exposed 80 seconds to 3 types of Astralis 7[registered] light exposed patterns, including: HIP [High Intensity Program], LOP [Low Intensity Program] and PUL [Pulse Program]. The forth group was also exposed same time with SUP [Suggestive Progressive Polymerization] respectively. After sample preparation, they were analyzed with micro hardness tester in 6 different depths and dye penetration test was done for all samples and were evaluated by stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed statistically using One-way ANOVA and Duncan test through SPSS software. In absence of depth factor consideration, the mean micro hardness in all four groups of exposure patterns had no significant difference [p=0.362]. The HIP, LOP, PUL, SUP light exposure patterns produced significantly different micro hardness in 0-5 mm depth significantly [p=0.001]. In other words there was a significant difference in micro hardness in different depths in each testing group. In the same depths, there was no significant difference in composite microhardness between the 4 groups up to 4 mm depth, but at the depth of 5 mm in HIP group, micro hardness was significantly higher than the depth of 5 mm in the other group. The analyzes clarified that the suggestive light exposure pattern [sup] can control and guide the rate of polymerization along with having the same quality to the other light exposure patters in producing hardness up to the depth of 4 mm of composite restorations