Clinico-pathological parameters of 50 Oral Squamous cell carcinoma cases in Karachi

Background: The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma remains high in Indo-Pak region. Worldwide oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas are the sixth most common cancers. A number of clinic-pathological parameters have been implicated in prognosis, recurrence and survival for this tumor. As a very high frequency reported in major hospitals of Karachi, this study documented some of the well known clinicpathological parameters in the indigenous population of Karachi

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological parameters of cases of OSCC in the population of Karachi

Methods: The study protocol was approved by the Ziauddin University ethics committee for human research. The patients' data was entered onto questionnaires. The reporting included a range of clinical, operative and histopathological variables. Recurrence of tumor after initial treatment was also documented

Results: The patients' population comprised 31 males and 19 females. The mean age was 45.56 [SD + 12.08]. Minimum age was 15 years, while maximum was 75 years. Pathological analysis revealed that majority of SCC cases were moderately differentiated SCC with clinical stage T2 or T3, N0,M0/N1,M0. Most common oral sites came out to be buccal mucosa of cheeks followed by lateral borders of tongue and lips. All patients underwent primary resection +/- neck dissection and reconstruction when necessary

Conclusion: Overall experience with OSCC shows that it has a high tendency to disseminate to regional lymph nodes, i.e. cervical lymph nodes, as well as to re-emerge at the primary site after resection

review of rectal biopsies

A review of 377 rectal biopsies received in the Department of Pathology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, during the period 1963-1969 is presented. The significant findings were non-specific colitis in 37.93 percent of the cases, amoebic colitis in 8.75 percent cases and Juvenile polyps in 9.81 percent of the cases. No adenomatous polyp was seen in the series

Incidence of the cancer of oral cavity and pharynx in Pakistan

The incidence rates of carcinoma of oral cavity and pharynx were calculated for males and merles from multicentric data on the frequency of various tumours collected by Pakistan Medical search Council during 1973-74 and 197, 80 for four cities, Karachi, Hyderabad, Lahore and Peshawar. The incidence rate of carcinoma of the oral cavity in both males and females has decreased 1977--80 as compared to 1973-74 while that of carcinoma pharynx has increased

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the cellular response in sterile acute inflammation

A study of the cellular response in acute inflammation produced by the intraperitoneal injection of sterile egg-albumin in adult male rabbits was carried out over a time interval of 06, 24 and 72 hours. The early response was stereotyped phenomenon and was accompanied by an increase in, polymorphs [P < 0.01] which completely disappeared at 24 hours. In the late hours gradual increase in mesothelial cells was noted which reached highest levels at 72 hours [P < 0.01]. The levels of lymphocytes started rising in the exudate [P < 0.05] at 72 hours. The eggalbumin caused a marked response of mesothelial cells in the peritoneal cavity, when the initial response of polymorphs was over

Strategy for cancer control

Current evidence indicates that carcinogenesis is a multi-stage process. [Table 1]. In the first stage which is of a short duration initiators or carcinogens act on the genes [DNA] of the susceptible cells causing a mutation or alteration. Promoters or co-carcinogens then act upon these transformed cells to make them neoplastic. The first stage of initiation is episodic. Most of the Initiators [carcinogens] and the majority of the Promoters are in the environment. It has been estimated that about 80% of the human cancers are caused by environmental factors. If these environmental factors can be identified then efforts can be made to either eliminate them

Effect of alkali on metastatic calcification produced by hyper vitaminosis D

The effect of alkali [Sodium Bicarbonate] on metastatic calcification produced by Hypervitaminosis D [ergocalciferol] was studied in rats. Six organs e.g. kidneys, heart, lungs, stomach, aorta and liver of the rats were examined for evidence of calcification. Six out of ten rats receiving vitamin D alone and seven out of ten rats receiving vitamin D and sodium - bicarbonate in combination, showed clacification of various organs. There was no significant difference in the amount and distribution of calcification between the two groups, except in the lungs where calcification was more severe in the animals receiving alkali along with vitamin D