Stability indicating method for the determination of clonazepam and nordiazepam each in presence of its degradation product

The present work describes a quantitative thin layer procedure for estimating clonazepam and nordiazepam in bulk powder and in dosage forms each in presence of its degradation product. The method consists of dissolving the drugs in methanol and then spoting this solution on a thin layer of silica gel G245. Quantitation is achieved by comparing the areas under the peaks obtained from scaning the thin layer chromatographic plates in a spectrodensitometer

Urinary cotinine as an indicator to assess the effect, of passive smoking on asthmatic children

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke [ETS] has been associated with multiple adverse effects in infants and children. No simple satisfactory valid test to detect this exposure up till now. To assess the effect of parental smoking on exposed and non exposed children who have asthma using the urinary cotinine as an indicator. A prospective study was conducted on 50 children of both sexes [30 male and 20 female] between 1.5 -11 years. Children were divided into three groups. Group I [n = 10] sewed as a control. They were neither asthmatic nor exposed to parental smoking. Group II [n = 20] were confirmed asthmatic patients who are exposed to parental smoking. Group III [n = 20] were confirmed asthmatic patients not exposed to parental smoking. All patients [Group II and III] have been subjected to detailed history taking [frequency of exacerbation of asthma] and clinical examination. Urinary cotinine using radio-immune-assay method, serum IgE and serum creatinine were measured in all groups. The mean frequency of asthma exacerbation was significantly higher in Group II [7/month] than in Group III [2/month] [P<0.005]. Urinary Cotinine [ng/ml] level in Group II [47.25 +/- 6.3] is higher than Group I [20 +/- 2.7] and Group III [15.95 +/- 1.5]. Serum IgE [in /ml] is higher in Group II [158.95 +/- 48.2] than Group I [9.5 +/- 2.0] and Group III [22.4 +/- 7.6] [p < 0.01]. Serum creatinine [mg/ml] did not differ among groups [Group I: 0.66 +/- 0.034], [Group II: 0.67 5 +/- 0.031], or [Group III: 0.72 +/- 0.38] [p > 0. 05]. From this study, it is concluded that: 1] In our study urinary cotinine was a simple and good indicator for passive smoking. 2] There was a strong association between passive smoking and the frequency of asthma exacerbation

Elevated levels of plasma and platelet PAI-1 in type II diabetes: relationships with plasma insulin and lipoproteins

This study aimed to measure both plasma and platelet PAI-1 in type II diabetes and to investigate the relationship between PAI-1 levels and plasma insulin and lipoproteins. The data obtained suggested that higher level of platelet PAI-1 may contribute to impaired fibrinolysis seen in type II diabetes. Concordant increase of platelet PAI-1 and plasma insulin suggested that hyperinsulinemia presents in type II diabetes may have direct effects on the synthesis of platelet PAI-1

Spectrofluorometric determination of clorazepate dipotassium in presence of its degradation product

A sensitive spectrofluorimetric procedure for the quantitative determination of the intact molecule of clorazepate dipotassium and its degradation product, without separation, was described. The method depends upon the difference of the fluorescence behavior of clorazepate dipotassium and its acidic degradation product; namely, 2-amino, 5-chlorobenzophenone. The concentration of both components are computed from their calculated regression equations. The efficiency of the method has been evaluated by analyzing mixtures of a reference sample of clorazepate dipotassium and controlled, acid-degraded samples; the results obtained are found to concord with both. The method is applied to clorazepate dipotassium bulk powder and to its pharmaceutical formulation, "Tranxene capsules" with an accuracy of 99.7 + 0.58. The proposed procedure is simple, accurate, precise, and less time consuming than the others