Etiology and pattern of presentation of gastritis in children, our experience at a tertiary care hospital

Objective: This study aimed to look in to the frequency of different causes and pattern of presentation of gastritis in children less than 16 years of age. Study Design: Prospective cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was performed in the Children Hospital and the Institute of Child health, Lahore, from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017

Material and Methods: This study was performed in the department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition at Children Hospital and the Institute of Child health, Lahore, from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017. One hundred and sixty children fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. All patients went through endoscopy. Macroscopic findings were noted and gastritis was confirmed by histological analysis of gastric mucosa. Biopsies were taken from gastric antrum, the body and pylorus

Results: The mean age of children was 8.73 +/- 3.70 years [range 2-16years], and majority were in the age range of 6-10 years. Males were affected slightly more than females with a ratio of 1.3:1. Drug induced gastritis was the major contributor in 58 [36.2%] patients followed by food related gastritis in 55 [34.3%]. H.Pylori positive gastritis was seen in 38 [23.7%] patients. No cause of gastritis was found in 5.6% of patients

Conclusion: Our study concluded that drug induced gastritis and food related gastritis was more common than H. Pylori positive gastritis in children in our setting

Mucopolysaccharidoses - clinical spectrum and frequency of different types

Objective: To determine the relative frequency and clinical features of different varieties of mucopolysaccharidosis

Study Design: Descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from January 2013 to December 2015

Methodology: All patients who had any feature suggestive of mucopolysaccharidosis were screened with detailed history, clinical examination and skeletal survey. Urine samples for glycosaminoglycan [GAGs] levels and dried blood samples for enzyme analysis were sent. Patients who were confirmed to be suffering from mucopolysaccharidosis were included in the study. The data was analysed using SSPS version 20

Results: A total of 90 confirmed MPS cases, 52 males and 38 females, median age 42 months, were included. Hurler/Hurler-Scheie syndrome was the most frequent [75, 83.33%] followed by Morquio [6, 6.67%], Sanfilippo [5, 5.56%], Maroteaux-Lamy [3, 3.33%] and Hunter [1, 1.11%] syndromes. Consanguinity was present in 79 [87.78%] cases. Common features were hepatomegaly [80, 88.89%], coarse facies [70, 77.78%], splenomegaly [67, 74.44%], and bone disease [48, 53.33%]

Conclusion: Most common variety of mucopolysaccharidosis was Hurler/Hurler Scheie followed by Morquio syndrome. Most of the patients were born to consanguineous parents. Common clinical features were coarse facies, hepatosplenomegaly and dysostosis multiplex