Effect of genetic predisposition on the risk of gallbladder cancer in Hungary.

A CYP1A1 polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk for gallbladder cancer (GBC) in Japanese women. However, genetic risk factors for GBC in Hungary, where the population has a relatively high GBC incidence, has not been well studied. We therefore tested associations between CYP1A1 T3801C, CYP1A1 Ile462Val, GSTM1deletion, and TP53 Arg72Pro and GBC in Hungary. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 100 controls (52 men and 48 women) and from the tissue embedded in paraffin of 43 cases (6 men and 37 women). The case-control analysis was limited to females due to a small number of males. Of 37 female cases, 21 (56.8%) were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma, and the remaining 16 (43.2%) were classified as non-adenocarcinoma. The odds ratios (ORs) for the Ile/Val genotype and the Val allele were 8.9 (95% CI: 2.9-27.4) and 4.4 (95% CI: 1.7-11.1), respectively. The occurrence of the combined variant genotypes of CYP1A1 Ile462Val and GSTM1 (37.8% vs. 8.3%) or CYP1A1 Ile462Val and TP53 Arg72Pro (24.3% vs. 0%) was significantly higher in the cases than in the controls. The Ile/Val genotype was significantly associated with an increased risk of adenocarcinoma (OR 9.2; 95% CI: 2.6-32.6) and non-adenocarcinoma (OR 8.4; 95% CI: 2.2-32.4). Additionally, the Arg/Pro genotype increased risk of non-adenocarcinoma (OR 3.8; 95% CI: 1.2-12.8). The Val allele may contribute to the development of GBC not only in Japanese but also in Hungarian women. Our results provide a rationale for further studies of genetic variation on the risk of GBC in Hungary.

Dimetilnitrosamina y antioxidantes: cáncer vesicular experimental / Dimethylnitrosamine and antioxidants: experimental gallbladder neoplasms

Este tipo de estudio tiene especial interés para Chile dado el notable incremento de este cáncer, el cual se mantiene hasta la actualidad (1.628 muertes y tasa de 11,5 por 100.000 en 1995). La especie usada fue el hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) y un carcinógeno, la dimetil nitrosamina, fue administrado por vía oral, en una dosis establecida. Se formaron 3 grupos de 20 animales cada uno, por un tiempo que alcanza los seis meses. El primer grupo se organizó como control. El grupo control ha tenido muertes espontáneas después del primer año de vida y no ha mostrado ningún cáncer vesicular. Los otros dos grupos tienen muy poco tiempo de evolución para extraer conclusiones en relación a cáncer, pero habría un efecto protector de los antioxidantes