Résumé
Nephrotic syndrome in children is a common recurrent disease. Most of the cases are due to minimal change disease with a favourable outcome. More than 90% of children with minimal change disease respond to corticosteroid therapy (steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome). 40-60% experience frequent relapses or have steroid dependence. These children require frequent corticosteroid therapy and/or immunomodulators or treatment with immunosuppressants, and are at high risk of cumulative steroid toxicity and side effects of cytotoxic therapy. Children with frequent relapses or steroid dependence should be managed in consultation with a pediatric nephrologist. Despite relapsing course, progression of minimal change nephrotic syndrome to end stage renal disease is extremely rare.