Epidemiological survey on blood flagellata Leishmania in Quang Ninh province, 2002-2003

A total of 1,236 people from the villages of Ha Phong (Ha Long city), Cam Tay, Cam Son (Cam Pha town) and some peripheral villages were examined for blood flagellata Leishmania. 377 people were found to have clinical symptoms of prolonged fever, cough, inflamed gland, hepatomegaly or skin infection. 65 cases had been previously confirmed to be HIV carriers. Peripheral blood was collected from 337 people and bone marrow samples from 229 people examined for Leishmania were negative. Analysis made with 496 slides from 170 local dogs, 120 slides of bone marrow, liver, spleen from 10 dogs, and 900 slides of bone marrow , liver, spleen from 100 rats (Rattus flavipectus, R. norvegicus) also showed negative results. 104 sand flies were collected in Ha Phong village and were identified Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) stantoni where one patient was found in 2001

Species composition of medical arthropod in the provinces of Quang Nam and Kon Tum along Ho Chi Minh road

In May,Nov. and Dec. 2003, in some sites along HoChiMinh Road through QuangNam province including PhuocDuc commune of PhuocSon district;ThanhMy town of NamGiang district; Bhale commune of DongGiang district and through KonTum province, including DakMan commune, DakPek commune of DakGlei district, DakDuc commune of NgocHoi district...,an inquiry was carried out to determine the faune of arthropodes. 3297 samples of arthropode were collected.3 species of plea, 4 species of tick, 5 species of chigg and 46 species of Culicinae and 14 species of anophelinae mosquitoes were determined. They were distributed in 8 families, 2 classes -spider and insect. In almost sites, there are various arthropode species as pathological factors

The distribution and species composition of medical arthropod in the Quang Binh and Ha Tinh along Ho Chi Minh road

Medical arthropod survey was conducted in April and July 2004 at five sites on Ho Chi Minh Road, included Lam Thuy commune of Le Thuy district, Xuan Trach commune of Quang Trach district, Huong Hoa commune of Tuyen Hoa district of Quang Binh province; Huong Trach commune of Huong Khe district, Son Truong commune of Huong Son district of Ha Tinh province. A total of 7094 samples of medical arthropods belonging to 124 species, 38 genus, 11 families (Pulicidae, Ixodidae, Trombiculidae, Macrochlidae, Macronyssidae, Laelaptidae, Parasitidae, Culicidae, Muscdae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae), 3 orders (Diptera, Siphonaptera & Acarina), 2 classes (Insecta & Arachnida) have been collected. These 124 arthropod species consist of three species of flea (Siphonaptera), 3 species of tick (Ixodidae), 16 species of chiggers (Trombiculidae), 11 species of mites (Gamasoidea), 33 species of fly (Brachycera), 16 species of Anophelinae and 42 species of mosquito Culicinae. At almost all sites the arthropod species having the role in disease transmission such as Xenopsylla cheopis, Leptotrombidium (L.) deliense, Orthonyssus bacoti, Aedes aegypti, Culex tritaeniorhyncus, C. quinquefasciatus, Anopheles minimus and Musca domestica have been presented.

Distibution of mammal's flea species in Vietnam

A study of mammal's flea distribution was conducted during the period 1962 - 2000. About 10,000 fleas were collected from 5,000 host animals of which 43 mammalian species belonging 7 orders distributed in 368 places in 50 provinces and cities over the country. Forty four from 83 or 51.8% (out of total 240 mammalian species found in Vietnam - 34.5%) collected mammals were found infected with flea. These mammals belong 7 orders of Insectivora, Scadenta, Chiroptera, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Rodentia and Lagomorpha. The flea infection rate of Rodentia and Artiodactyla was 17.9% (27/34) and 31.3% (7/22), respectively. Only two of 79 species of Chiroptera found in Viet Nam were examined and both were found flea infected. However, flea was not found in the four mammalian species of Dermoptera, Primates, Perissodactyla and Pholidota

Trombiculidae distribution associated to tsutsugamushi in Quang Ninh province

From 2000 to 2002, 449 tsutsugamushi patients were admitted to Uong Bi Hospital of Quang Ninh province. The disease occurred mainly in Uong Bi town, Dong Trieu district, Yen Hung district, and Cam Pha town. It occurred sporadically during the year but more frequently between May and Octorber. 14 species of Trombiculidae were found to parasitize in mice in almost all surveyed sites, especially in the places with many more tsutsugamushi patients. The main clinical signs were biting spots 94.2%, fever 100%, peripheral glands 98.7%, and rash 52.2%. Three effective regimes in treatment of tsutsugamushi were (1) chloramphenicol 30-50mg/kg/24 hours x 5-7 days; (2) tetracycline 30-40mg/kg/24 hours x 5-7 days; and (3) doxycycline 4mg/kg/24 hours x 3-5 days