Résumé
In Japan, few reports have discussed adverse events and safety after simultaneous vaccination during infancy. The purpose of this study was to elucidate adverse events after simultaneous vaccination of inactivated vaccines in infants in comparison with those after single vaccination. Selected for this study were infants aged ≥2 months who received subcutaneous injections of inactivated vaccines between July 2012 and June 2013. These subjects were divided into two groups: a single-vaccination group (46 subjects) and simultaneous-vaccination group (42 subjects). The presence or absence of severe adverse events that required hospitalization was investigated. We also checked up on subject background and systemic [fever (transitional and highest body temperature)] and local (dermatological, respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurological, and other organs’ symptoms) adverse events. Questionnaires to investigate if adverse events occurred during one week after simultaneous vaccination, questionnaires were distributed to the parents of all the subjects. “We performed vaccination in 162 subjects, and the collect rate of questionnaires was 57% (97/162).” The percentage of effective answers to the questionnaire survey was 91% (88/97). Among simultaneous-vaccination group subjects, 14 (32%) received Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) + 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) and 12 (27%) received Hib + PCV7 + Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus vaccine. No subject developed severe adverse events that required hospitalization. The body temperatures taken on the day following the injection in the simultaneous-vaccination group were significantly higher than those in the single-vaccination group (p=0.049). However, the incidence of other systemic and local adverse events in the simultaneous-vaccination group was not significantly different from that in the single-vaccination group. Compared with single vaccination, simultaneous vaccination of inactivated vaccines in infants resulted in a significant rise in body temperature on the day following vaccination; however, no severe adverse events occurred.
Résumé
As a strategy for making people in enjoy good health by preventing disease, various forms of guidance for improvement of lifestyle have been recently been introduced. The purpose of the health guidance is to help people who do not have a disease but have abnormality in their physical examination data change their behavior patterns of daily living habits.<BR>In this study, we chose local residents with hyperlipidemia as the subjects of this study and carried out the guidance for one year for improvement of their lifestyle focusing eating habits and physical exercise in order to improve their serum lipid levels. We looked at the effects of this intervention activity on their conciousness and behavior, and the values of their body weight, body fat and other biochemical blood test results. When their living habits between before and after our intervention activity were compared, the residents had more interested in meals and physical exercises, and improved their dietary habits, especially on the in take of eggs, vegetables, eating between meals and salt. In addition, analysis of residents' nutritive values supported this result.<BR>Our investigation also indicated a tendency of increase in the frequency of physical exercise expect for working time after our intervention activity. The values of total cholesterol, body weight, obesity and fasting blood sugar in the general and blood examinations significantly reduced.<BR>Altogether, our intervention activity proved to be effective in changing people's conciousness and personal lifestyle at, and improving the values of body weight and serum lipid.