Physicochemical properties of flowable composites using isobornyl methacrylate as diluent monomer

Abstract Objective this study sought to evaluate the effect of isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) as a diluent monomer on the physicochemical properties of experimental flowable resin composites. Methodology the organic resin matrix of a modal flowable resin composite was formulated with 50 wt.% of bisphenol-A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) and 50 wt.% of a diluent monomer, in which IBOMA was used as a combining or substituent diluent monomer to triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). The resin matrices were filled with 55 wt.% particles, of which 10 wt.% was 0.05-μm fumed silica, and 45 wt.% was 0.7-μm BaBSiO2 glass. Polymerization shrinkage stress (PSS; n=10), degree of conversion (DC; n=3), maximum rate of polymerization (Rpmax; n=3), film thickness (FT; n=10), sorption (Wsp; n=10), solubility (Wsl; n=10), flexural strength (FS; n=10), flexural modulus (FM; n=10), Knoop microhardness (KH; n=10), and microhardness reduction after chemical softening (HR; n=10) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test (α=0.05; β=0.2). Results the results showed that the substitution or addition of IBOMA reduced FT (p=0.001), PSS (p=0.013), Rpmax (p=0.001), DC (p=0.001), FM (p=0.006) Wsp (p=0.032), and Wsl (p=0.021). However, when used as a complete substituent, IBOMA demonstrated significantly lower FS (p=0.017) and KH (p=0.008), while TEGDMA demonstrated significantly lower HR (p=0.022). Conclusion the flowable composite containing IBOMA combined with TEGDMA showed no effect in KH and FS and effectively reduced the PSS, RP, FT, Wsp, and Wsl. However, it showed a reduction in DC, FS, and an increase in HR.

Ética dos editores de periódicos brasileiros: evolução e desafios / The ethics of editors in Brazilian journals: developments and challenges

Introdução: um dos produtos de um projeto de pesquisa é a publicação dos resultados nos periódicos indexados. Sendo assim, os editores ocupam importante papel na função de zelar pela eticidade na divulgação dos conhecimentos científicos. Objetivos: atualizar o estudo realizado em 1999 por Sardenberg et al., no qual se verificaram a conduta e exigência ética que constam na seção Instruções aos Autores de periódicos científicosnacionais. Métodos: coleta de dados via internet nas páginas eletrônicas das revistas e busca manual em bibliotecas universitárias. As variáveis analisadas foram: aprovação pelo Comitê Ético em Pesquisa (CEP), credenciamento do CEP pela CONEP, indicação do número do parecer, envio ao editor de sua cópia, citação do uso do Termo de ConsentimentoLivre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e da Resolução CNS 196/96 e credenciamento no Registro de Ensaios Clínicos. Resultados e discussão: dos 139 periódicos analisados por Sardenberg et al., 94 ainda existem, sendo que 17% não possuem referências éticas. As diretrizes da resolução foram amplamente divulgadas, possibilitando-se adequar a política editorial ? mencionada em 53,2% da amostra ? aos seus princípios. Houve diferençasignificativa entre a vinculação e Qualis dos periódicos e a citação da Resolução CNS 196/96 e aprovação pelo CEP. A exigência do número do parecer ocorreu em 18,1% da amostra, o envio de cópia ao editor do parecer em 34%, a exigência de o CEP ser credenciado em 7,4%, a aprovação do projeto em 78,7% e o credenciamento no Registro de Ensaios Clínicos em 33%. Conclusão: houve aumento de todas as variáveis pesquisadas, o que revelou avanço na conduta ética dos periódicos científicos analisados.

Introduction: One of the products of a research project is the publication of results in indexed journals. Thus, publishers occupy an important role in the task of ensuring that of scientific knowledge is ethicality disseminated. Objectives: To update the 1999 study by Sardenberg et al, which analysed the conduct and ethical requirements in the Guidelines to Authors section of Brazilian scientific journals Methods: Data were collected via the Internet on the journals? electronic pages and via manual search in universitylibraries. The variables analyzed were: approval by an Ethics in Research Committee (ERC), ERC accreditation by the National Ethics in Research Council (CONEP), indicating the register number, need to submit copy to the editor, mention to the use of Statement of Informed Consent Form (ICF) and Resolution CNS 196/96, and accreditation in the Clinical Trials Registry. Results and discussion: of the 139 journals analyzed by Sardenberg et al, 94 still exist, and 17% make no reference to the aspect of ethics. Resolution CNS 196/96 guidelines were widely publicized, which should facilitate editorial policies to adapt to its principles, as mentioned in 53.2% of the sample. There was a significant difference between journals withQualis citation and in terms of their Qualis ratings and reference to the CNS Resolution approval by the ERCs. The required inclusion of registry number occurred in 18.1% of the sample, a copy was sent to the Editor by34%, 7.4% of the ECRs were reported to be accredited, projects were approved in 78.7%, and accreditation in the Clinical Trials Registry was mentioned in 33%. Conclusion: There was an increase in all the variablesstudied, which revealed advances in the ethical conduct of the scientific journals analyzed.