Résumé
Abstract Trichilia catigua A. Juss., Meliaceae, known as "catuaba" in Brazil, has been popularly used as a tonic for fatigue, impotence and memory deficits. Previously, we have demonstrated that T. catigua ethyl-acetate fraction exerted antidepressive-like effects in mice. Affective-like symptoms are also well recognized outcome of cerebral ischemia in clinical and preclinical settings. Therefore, here we evaluated the effects of ethyl-acetate fraction on the emotional outcomes and its relation with hippocampal neurogenesis in ischemic mice. Male Swiss mice were subject to the bilateral common carotid occlusion during 20 min. The animals received ethyl-acetate fraction (400 mg/kg, orally) 30 min before and once per day during 7 days after reperfusion. Emotional outcomes were assessed using the open field test, elevated zero maze, and the tail suspension test. After the behavioral testing, the animals were sacrificed and their brains were processed to immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining. Ischemic mice exhibited anxiogenic-like behaviors in the elevated zero maze, hippocampal neurodegeneration and decreased hippocampal neurogenesis. The anxiogenic-like effect was counteracted by ethyl-acetate fraction administration. Furthermore, ethyl-acetate fraction restored the number of newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus of ischemic mice. In conclusion, T. catigua ethyl-acetate fraction promoted functional recovery and restored hippocampal neurogenesis in ischemic mice.
Résumé
O extrato fluido (EF), preparado segundo a Farmacopéia Brasileira, e sua fração aquosa (FA) obtidos de folhas de Passiflora alata foram administrados por via oral em camundongos. Seus efeitos comportamentais foram avaliados por modelos que detectam a atividade ansiolítica e antidepressiva de drogas, tais como: o labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE) e o teste da suspensão pela cauda (TSC). Efeitos sobre a atividade locomotora geral dos animais foram monitorados no campo aberto. Efeitos sedativos foram observados com EF (100 e 300 mg kg-1) e EA (100, 300 e 600 mg kg-1), caracterizados por uma diminuição do número de entradas nos braços fechados do LCE e uma diminuição no número de cruzamentos e levantamentos no campo aberto. No TSC, a administração de EF (100 mg kg-1) ou FA (100 e 300 mg kg-1) resultou em aumento do tempo de imobilidade. Esses resultados são relevantes, pois contribuem para validar o uso popular dessa planta.
The fluid extract (FE), prepared according to the Brazilian Pharmacopoea, obtained from the leaves of Passiflora alata and its aqueous fraction (AF), were administered by oral route to mice, and the behavioural effects were evaluated using animal models that detect anxiolytic and antidepressant activities, such as the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the tail suspension test (TST). Effects on general motor activity were monitored in the open . Sedative effects were observed with FE (100 and 300 mg kg-1) and AF (100, 300 and 600 mg kg-1) and were characterized by a decreased number of entries in the enclosed arms of the EPM and a decrease in the number of crossings and rearing in the open . In the TST, FE (100 mg kg-1) and AF (100 and 300 mg kg-1) induced an increase in the immobility time. These results are relevant because they contribute to validate the traditional use of this plant.