diagnostic value of serum and bile cyfra 21-1, CEA and CA 19-9 in cases of cholangiocarcinoma

The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic value of Cyfra 21-1, CA 19-9 and CEA in serum and bile of patients with CCA. The present study was conducted on 20 patients with cholangiocarcinoma [CCA group] diagnosed on clinical and pathological grounds, in addition to 20 cases with benign cholestatic disorder and 20 matched healthy subjects as a control group. Cyfra 2 1-1, CEA and CA 19-9 were measured in serum and bile of patients and in serum of controls. Serum CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with cholangiocarcinoma than patients with benign cholestatic disorder and controls. Moreover, the mean bile .concentrations of CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 were significantly higher than serum concentrations. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of serum and bile Cyfra 21-1 were significantly higher than those obtained using either CEA or CA 19-9. The serum and bile concentrations of CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 were significantly higher in late stages of CCA in comparison to early stages. The addition of tumor markers CEA, CA l9-9 and Cyfra 21-1 to brush cytology increases its sensitivity in diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma from 44% up to 84%. CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 measurements in bile are important for the supplementary diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Cyfra 21-1 is a superior tumor marker than CEA in diagnosis cholangiocarcinoma. Combining brush cytology with CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 can raise the diagnostic yield

Effect of Schistosoma mansoni egg depostion on multiple low doses streptozotocin induced insulin dependent diabetes

To explore the role of Schistosoma mansoni infection in the prevention of autoimmune mediated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the study examined the effects of multiple low doses of the pancreatic islets beta cell toxin, streptozotocin STZ [40 mg/kg] body weight i.p., given eight weeks post infection period of S. mansoni egg deposition on S. mansoni infected C57BL/6J mice in comparison to non-infected STZ given group. G IV was the control group. Mice treated with STZ [G III] became gradually hyperglycemic reaching the highest level on day 17 post STZ. S. Mansoni infection [G II] significantly reduced the elevation in blood glucose levels from day seven post STZ onwards. Morphologic examination of pancreas on day 21 post STZ revealed that the non-infected STZ [G III] given mice had significantly smaller mean islets area and significantly fewer mean number of beta cells/islets. Pancreatic tissue revealed also focal degeneration in the cells of islets of Langerhans in the non-infected STZ given mice [G III] in comparison to the infected STZ given group [G II], which had much less evident cells degeneration