Antibiotic prophylaxis in plastic surgery

Background: prophylactic antibiotics are effective in preventing surgical-wound infections. However, the clarity about the compelling need for antibiotic administration and the risk associated with their use is missing. The use of antimicrobial prophylaxis against surgical site infection [SSI] is common in plastic surgery, while results from prospective randomized controlled trials are scarce

Aim of the Study: was to evaluate the need for antibiotic prophylaxis in the field of plastic surgery

Methods: Electronic search of available Literatures in the scientific database of recent randomized controlled trials evaluating the indications for and use of antibiotics to reduce and treat SSIs for patients undergoing plastic surgery from 1960 to 2017- [Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library as well as NHS centre websites were searched for English Publications from both reprint requests and by searching the database. Data extracted included antibiotic dosage, duration and incidence of surgical site infection

Conclusion: surgical procedures must be distinguished based on the risk of infection and the need for antibiotic prophylaxis should be determined accordingly, i.e. on a case by case basis.No prophylaxis is required for superficial skin's and clean surgeries such as mucosal excisions, nevertheless, Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended microsurgical operations, prosthetic surgery, incisional hernias, clean non-prosthetic osteoarticular surgery, oral cavity and genitourinary system procedures. Still, antibiotic use should be prescribed with caution to avoid profound side effects such as developing resistant bacterial strains, severe allergies and other accompanied comorbidities

Bariatric surgery to treat obesity among adults

Background: bariatric surgery is one of the few effective treatments for morbid obesity, yet little information about weight outcomes after surgery in this demographic are available. We determined the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing weight and body mass index [BMI] in adults

Materials and Methods: adults from 18 to 30 years old who had undertaken gastric bypass or adjustable gastric band surgery between May 2013 and November 2016 and who had complete follow-up data available were included in the present analysis. Mean weight and BMI before and one year after surgery were compared

Results: among 35 adults, Mean BMI and weight, and z-scores and percentile transformations were all significantly lower after surgery for the entire sample [P < 0.001]. Gastric bypass surgery presented significantly better weight loss outcomes for all anthropometric measures versus adjustable gastric band surgery [P < 0.05]. No perioperative complications were reported. Two patients who stopped taking supplements as prescribed experienced iron-deficiency anaemia within the year following surgery

Conclusions: our results show that bariatric surgery can markedly reduce weight among a predominantly adult patient's sample, and gastric bypass procedure in particular. These findings indicate that bariatric surgery has the potential to be safe and effective in substantially reducing weight in a group of adults who are at particularly high risk for obesity-related health consequences