Comparative possession of Shiga toxin, intimin, enterohaemolysin and major extended spectrum beta lactamase [ESBL] genes in Escherichia coli isolated from backyard and farmed poultry

The present work was conducted to compare the occurrence of Escherichia coli possessing virulence and ESBL genes in backyard and farmed poultry. Three hundred and sixty samples from the poultry kept in backyard system and 120 samples from the farmed birds were collected from West Bengal, India. Among the E. coli isolates of backyard poultry [O2, O10, O25, O55, O60, O106, UT], none of them possessed any of the Shiga toxin genes and eight E. coli isolates [8/272; 2.9%] harboured eaeA gene alone. Whereas among the E. coli isolated from the farmed poultry [O17, O20, O22, O102, O114, O119, rough, UT], four isolates [4/78, 5.1%] harboured stx[1]/stx[2] gene and 11 isolates [11/78, 14.1%] possessed eaeA gene. None of the E. coli isolates from the backyard poultry harboured any studied ESBL gene. Whereas 29.4% of E. coli isolates from the farmed poultry were found to possess the ESBL genes

Studies on sodium and potassium metabolism and subsequent influence on electrocardiogram in unilaterally adrenalectomized black Bengal goat (Capra hircus)

Unilateral adrenalectomy was performed in six black Bengal goat (Capra hircus)to study electrocardiograph in connection with mineral metabolism with special reference to sodium and potassium and some other factors of physiological importance. The parameters were studied at every 12 hrs interval upto 120 hrs and 24 hrs interval from 120 to 240 hrs.Physiological parameters, like body weight and rectal temperature, changed non-significantly (p<0.05)after adrenalectomy. Among minerals, plasma sodium (p<0.01)and plasma potassium (p<0.05) concentration were changed significantly between hours leaving impression in ECG as widening of QRS complex and peaked T wave with increased amplitude found after unilateral adrenalectomy. Heart rate also increased significantly (p<0.01)between hours.