Résumé
Abstract The species Maytenus guyanensis Klotzsch ex Reissek, Celastraceae, present a wide variety of possible pharmacological activities and its roots and stems are used by popular medicine in the western Amazon rainforest. Few studies have demonstrated the genotoxic safety of the popular use of this species, and owing to this, the present study aimed to perform an analysis of the acute genotoxicity in vivo of the aqueous extract of M. guyanensis. Male and female mice from Mus musculus species, of weights ranging from 20 to 40 g, organized in eight groups with different treatments were used. The aqueous extracts of the bark of M. guyanensis were administered orally by gavage with 0.1 ml of the test substance per 10 g of the animal, followed by performance of comet assay in peripheral blood, PCE/NCE correlation and occurrence of micronuclei in the bone marrow. It was found that the aqueous extract of M. guyanensis, with ten times higher concentration than those used in ethnopharmacology, did not present genotoxic effect and, moreover, it has antigenotoxic action in mice treated acutely. Further studies regarding bioaccumulation and chronic effects of this species are suggested, in order to improve the understanding of its mechanism of action, ensuring the efficacy and safety of its utilization and developing phytotherapics and drugs.
Résumé
Os autores analisaram as prevalências de hemoglobinas anormais variantes e talassemias, em amostras de diferentes proveniências (escolares, crianças de creches, jovens do tiro de guerra, usuários de postos de saúde, e pessoas com anemia a esclarecer) das cidades de Araçatuba, Barretos e Säo José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil. Os resultados mostraram que há diferenças de prevalências, com significância estatística, apenas no grupo composto por pacientes com anemia a esclarecer. Os autores sugerem alguns requisitos fundamentais para a escolha da populaçäo ideal para estudos de prevalências de hemoglobinopatias