Oral Hygiene and Dentition Status in Patients with Congenital Hemorrhagic Disorders: A Comparative Study

Abstract Objective: To compare the status of oral hygiene and dentition in patients with congenital hemorrhagic disorders with their age-matched healthy counterparts. Also, the prevalence of fear of dentists/ dental treatment among these patients was assessed. Material and Methods: This study was performed on children and adults with von Willebrand disease (vWD), hemophilia (A or B), and healthy subjects. Oral health and dentition status was assessed using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), plaque index, and the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) index. One-way ANOVA test was employed to compare the oral hygiene and dentition status of subjects in the three groups. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The DMFT score did not vary significantly between the groups (p>0.05). Higher OHI-S scores and a poor oral hygiene status was observed more in the hemophilia group than the vWD group and healthy controls. A total of 27.3% of the subjects in the vWD group, 18.2% of subjects in the hemophilia group, and no subjects in the healthy group had a fear of dentists or dental treatment. Conclusion: Subjects with vWD had a higher number of carious teeth when compared to the other groups. Poor oral hygiene status was observed in subjects with hemophilia.

Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma of Mandible: A Case Report.

Primary intra-osseous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignant tumor of the jaw. Th is tumor was fi rst labeled by Loos in 1913. It is more common in adults, in six to seven decades of life with predominant location in posterior mandible. We hereby report a case of intraosseous SCC involving the mandible of a 52-year-old male. Th e absence of any defect, proliferative growth or mass intraorally suggested that the origin of the squamous cells was de novo from within the bone. Understanding of the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological features of this tumor allows accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of this rare malignancy.

Precision of dimensional measurements of mandible in different positions on orthopantomogram。

Objective: To evaluate the precision of dimensional measurements of the mandible in two different positions on orthopantomogram (OPG) (one with mandibular plane parallel to the floor and the other with Frankfort horizontal plane parallel to the floor) and determine the dimensional reliability. Materials and Methods: Anatomical landmarks were used to denote points for measurements on mandible as well as OPG and respective measurements made. Magnification was hence calculated and compared with magnification factor (1.2) listed by the manufacturer. Results: Vertical measurements and anterior horizontal and oblique measurements showed minimal magnification. Posterior horizontal and oblique measurements showed increased magnification. The difference in measurements in the two positions and on comparison with the one given by the manufacturer was statistically significant for posterior horizontal measurements but not for posterior oblique. Horizontal measurements crossing the midline were highly magnified and the difference was statistically significant for the two positions and on comparison to the one given by manufacturer. Conclusion: Magnification factor given by the manufacturer is not uniform in all locations and varies with changes in positioning and hence should not be relied upon when accurate measurements are to be made.

Hypoglossia Type 1A: Report of a case and review of literature with focus on clinical investigations.

Hypoglossia is a rare entity which is reported sporadically. Hypoglossia has often occurred in an association with limb anomalies and, therefore, these cases have been grouped together as hypoglossia-hypodactylia within oromandibular limb hypogenesis syndromes. The literature on this condition is reviewed, and a case of hypoglossia has also been presented. An investigative protocol to aid in the treatment planning of a patient with hypoglossia has also been suggested.

Non-syndromic hypohyperdontia of the permanent dentition with involvement of the mandibular anterior region: a rare occurrence / Hipo-hiperdontia não sindrômica da dentição permanente com envolvimento da região anterior mandibular: uma rara ocorrência

Objective: To present an uncommon case of numeric abnormalities in a non-syndromic patient.Discussion: Dental numeric abnormalities in development of the permanent dentition are quite common;however, combined occurrence of hypodontia and hyperdontia is a rare phenomenon, especiallyin a non-syndromic situation. This paper describes a 28-year-old non-syndromic man with missing mandibularlateral incisors and an erupted mandibular mesiodens. This is only the third case, to the best ofour knowledge, with the two anomalies manifesting in the anterior region of the mandible.

Objetivo: Apresentar um caso incomum de anomalias numéricas num caso de paciente não sindrômico. Discussão:Anomalias dentárias numéricas no desenvolvimento da dentição permanente são comuns; entretanto, a ocorrênciacombinada de hipo e hiperdontia é um fenômeno raro, especialmente em situações não sindrômicas. Este artigo descreve o caso de um paciente masculino não sindrômico apresentando ausência de incisivos laterais mandibularese um mesiodens mandibular erupcionado. Esse é o único caso, pelo melhor de nosso conhecimento, com as duasanomalias manifestando-se simultaneamente na região anterior da mandíbula.

Dental considerations in pregnancy: review / Considerações odontológicas na gravidez: revisão

OBJETIVO: Este artigo propõem-se a revisar as alterações ocorridas na mulher durante a gravidez. Os cirurgiõesdentistas devem conhecer os procedimentos seguros e os que devem ser evitados durante as várias fases da gravidez. DISCUSSÃO E CONCLUSÃO: Este artigo aborda as várias alterações sistêmicas vistas na mulher grávida e como essas alterações devem ser manejadas na execução de procedimentos odontológicos. Os cirurgiões-dentistas devem ter sólido conhecimento a respeito dos efeitos da radiação sobre o feto e também dos efeitos de várias drogas usadas durante o tratamento odontológico. Com comunicação adequada e bom conhecimento, várias complicações podem ser evitadas durante a gravidez, culminando em benefícios para a mãe e o bebê.

OBJECTIVE: This article is aimed to review the changes occurring in a woman during pregnancy. Dentists should know what procedures are safe and those to be avoided during various phases of pregnancy. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This article reflects the various systemic and local changes seen in a pregnant woman and how these changes should be considered while carrying out dental procedures. Dentists should have a sound knowledge about effects of radiation on the fetus and also effects of various drugs used during dental treatment. With proper communication and good knowledge, various complications can be avoided during pregnancy and would be beneficial to both the mother and the fetus.

Oral health status in geriatric diabetics / Condições de saúde bucal em pacientes diabéticos geriátricos

OBJECTIVE: To determine if any difference exists in the oral health status between geriatric patients with diabetes mellitus and the normal population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The oral health status of 100 metabolically controlled geriatric diabetic patients attending the Diabetes Clinic of the Manipal Hospital, were prospectively assessed over six months and compared with that of 50 non-diabetic acting as controls. RESULTS: The mean duration of diabetes was 100.5±85.1 months. The degree of hyposalivation between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the taste, burning mouth sensation, angular cheilitis, glossitis, and stomatitis status of the two groups and no pathgnomonic lesions or alterations could be observed in relation to the disease. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that, with adequate metabolic control, the oral health status of a diabetic may not be significantly different from that of a non-diabetic except for xerostomia.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar possíveis diferenças na saúde bucal de pacientes geriátricos com diabetes mellitus em comparação a uma população normal. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: A condição de saúde bucal de 100 pacientes geriátricos diabéticos, metabolicamente controlados, atendidos na Clínica de Diabetes do Hospital Manipal foram avaliados prospectivamente durante seis meses e comparados com 50 pacientes geriátricos não diabéticos (grupo controle). RESULTADOS: A duração média do diabetes foi 100 m5 +- 85,1 meses. O grau de hiposalivação entre os dois grupos foi estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no paladar, sensação de queimação bucal, queilite angular, glossite e estomatites entre os dois grupos. Não foram observadas lesões patognômicas ou alterações relacionadas ao diabetes. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que, com controle metabólico adequado, as condições bucais de pacientes diabéticos geriátricos pode não ser significativamente diferente das de um não diabético, com exceção da xerostomia.

Non-syndromic multiple odontogenic keratocysts: report of case / Keratocistos múltiplos não-sindrômicos: relato de caso

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are epithelial developmental cysts which were first described byPhillipsen in 1956. Lesions are frequently multiple and a component of Nevoid Basal Cell CarcinomaSyndrome (NBCCS) (Gorlin Goltz syndrome/Bifid rib syndrome). We hereby report a case of multipleOKCs in a non – syndromic patient and highlight the general practitioner the importance of diagnosingthe disease and enforcing a strict long-term follow-up whenever such a case is identified.

Os keratocistos odontogênicos são cistos de desenvolvimento que foram descritos primeiramentepor Phillipsen, em 1956. As lesões são frequentemente múltiplas, sendo componentes da síndromedo carcinoma nevoide de células basais (síndrome de Gorlin, síndrome das costelas bífidas).Descreve-se um caso de keratocistos múltiplos em paciente não-sindrômico, enfatizando-se aimportância do clínico geral no diagnóstico da doença e reforçando a necessidade de umapreservação a longo prazo tão logo a doença seja diagnosticada.

The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients visiting a dental school in Southern India.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in Manipal, Karnataka State, India. A total of 1190 subjects who visited the department of oral medicine and radiology for diagnosis of various oral complaints over a period of 3 months were interviewed and clinically examined for oral mucosal lesions. The result showed the presence of one or more mucosal lesions in (41.2%) of the population. Fordyce's condition was observed most frequently (6.55%) followed by frictional keratosis (5.79%), fissured tongue (5.71%), leukoedema (3.78%), smoker's palate (2.77%), recurrent aphthae, oral submucous fibrosis (2.01%), oral malignancies (1.76%), leukoplakia (1.59%), median rhomboid glossitis (1.50%), candidiasis (1.3%), lichen planus (1.20%), varices (1.17%), traumatic ulcer and oral hairy leukoplakia (1.008%), denture stomatitis, geographic tongue, betel chewer's mucosa and irritational fibroma (0.84%), herpes labialis, angular cheilitis (0.58%), and mucocele (0.16%). Mucosal lesions like tobacco-related lesions (leukoplakia, smoker's palate, oral submucous fibrosis, and oral malignancies) were more prevalent among men than among women. Denture stomatitis, herpes labialis, and angular cheilitis occurred more frequently in the female population.

Central giant cell granuloma of the anterior maxilla.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) formerly called giant cell reparative granuloma is a non-neoplastic proliferative lesion of unknown etiology. It occurs most commonly in the mandible. The case reported here resembled a wide variety of conditions that led to a misdiagnosis both on clinical and radiographic examination but was histopathologically diagnosed as CGCG. We describe a case of central giant cell granuloma arising from the anterior maxilla to highlight to the general dental practitioner the importance of histopathology in the diagnosis of this enigmatic lesion.