Résumé
A crude extract containing some toxic furanoterpenoids was isolated from F. solani infected sweet potatoes. Chronic administration of the crude extract to male albino rats at a dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight/day for 21 days brought about a sharp increase in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and a depression of glutathione levels in the lung and liver homogenates. The antioxidant defense system was affected as evident from a significant fall in the activities of the enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione-S-transferase. Such an alteration could be the reason for the lung and liver damage caused by these toxic furanoterpenoids.
Sujets)
Animaux , Furanes/isolement et purification , Fusarium/métabolisme , Foie/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Poumon/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Mâle , Mycoses/métabolisme , Stress oxydatif/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Rats , Rat Wistar , Terpènes/isolement et purification , Légumes/métabolismeRésumé
Chloroquine causes an increase in phospholipid and a decrease in cholesterol in liver mitochondria. A significant decrease in the activities of mitochondrial inner membrane enzymes such as NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase is observed. Decrease in cytochrome contents and respiratory control ratio, shown by a decrease in state 3(+ADP) and an increase in state 4 (-ADP), implies decreased ATP synthesis following chloroquine administration. The results confirm drug-induced inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, thereby impairing availability and utilisation of energy.
Sujets)
Animaux , Chloroquine/pharmacologie , Mâle , Mitochondries du foie/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Rats , Rat WistarRésumé
Tincture of Crataegus (TCR), an alcoholic extract of the berries of Crataegus oxyacantha, when administered to rats fed a hyperlipidemic diet (HLD), could prevent the elevation in plasma lipid levels. A significant decrease in lipid deposits in liver and aorta was also observed. Analysis of the plasma lipoprotein profile showed that TCR produced remarkable reduction in the increased levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids in the low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fractions in hyperlipidemic rats. Histological examination showed severe fatty vacuolation and degeneration of liver of HLD fed rats. TCR administration had an ameliorating effect on these changes. Agarose gel electrophoretic pattern of plasma lipoproteins also indicated that the drug brought down the raised levels of the atherogenic beta-lipoproteins in hyperlipidemic rats.
Sujets)
Animaux , Hypolipémiants/pharmacologie , Cholestérol/sang , Régime athérogène , Hyperlipidémies/sang , Lipides/sang , Lipoprotéines LDL/sang , Lipoprotéines VLDL/sang , Mâle , Phospholipides/sang , Extraits de plantes/pharmacologie , Plantes médicinales , Rats , Rat Wistar , Triglycéride/sangRésumé
Intraperitoneal administration (1 mg/kg body/wt./day for 21 days) of crude extract of furanoterpenoids, isolated from F. solani damaged I. batatas caused pulmonary oedema in albino rats. The elevated broncho alveolar lavage (BAL) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and protein levels indicated lung damage. The estimation of pulmonary extracellular surfactant phospholipids showed an alteration in various phospholipid fractions.