Epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China from 2016 to 2020 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China from 2016 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for further elimination of leprosy.Methods:Data collation and statistical analysis were conducted on annual reports on leprosy epidemic surveillance in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions) from 2016 to 2020.Results:From 2016 to 2020, a total of 2 697 new cases of leprosy were reported in China, including 46 (1.71%) children, 894 (33.15%) females, 374 (13.87%) floating people, 2 443 (90.58%) multibacillary cases, and 546 (20.24%) cases of grade 2 disabilities. A total of 203 relapsed cases were reported in the meantime. By the end of 2020, there had been 1 893 registered leprosy cases in China, and the number of cases was 68.62% fewer than that in 2010 (6 032 cases) ; there were 36 (1.2%) counties or cities with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100 000, and 72 (17.73%) new cases suffered from grade 2 disabilities.Conclusion:From 2016 to 2020, the reported incidence and prevalence of leprosy in China steadily decreased year by year, and overall, leprosy was still lowly prevalent.

Epidemiological features of leprosy in China from 2011 to 2015 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of leprosy in China from 2011 to 2015,and to provide scientific evidences for prevention and treatment strategies.Methods An epidemiological analysis and a trend analysis were conducted based on the national leprosy surveillance data from 2011 to 2015.Results The leprosy detection rate in China decreased from 0.085 per 100 000 in 2011 to 0.049 per 100 000 in 2015,with an average annual decline rate being 12.9％.A total of 4 775 leprosy cases were newly detected during 2011-2015,including 106 (2.2％) children,1 499 (31.4％) females,518 (10.8％) floating people,4 041 (84.6％) multibacillary cases and 1 134 (23.7％) cases with grade 2 disabilities.From 2011 to 2015,328 relapsed cases were reported,including 153 (46.6％) cases recurring after combined chemotherapy.The prevalence rate of leprosy in China decreased from 0.407 per 100 000 in 2011 to 0.235 per 100 000 in 2015,with an average annual decline rate being 12.9％.By the end of 2015,there had been 3 230 registered leprosy cases and 124 counties with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100 000.Conclusions The detection rate and prevalence rate of leprosy in China were both decreasing continuously from 2011 to 2015.The high-epidemic provinces were Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Guangdong.However,leprosy control in middle-and low-epidemic provinces can not be ignored.

Dose-effect research using nanopatch to deliver siRNA in the inhibition of HPV gene expression / 生物医学工程学杂志

Hela is the cell line of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, and human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 shows positive. We delivered siRNA with target specifically to HPV18 E7 mRNA into nude mice Hela tumor xenografts by nanopatch to inhibit the HPV gene expression, and further to study the superiority, the best action time and concentration of siRNA of using nanopatch to transfer siRNA in vivo. We designed siRNA that target specifically to HPV18 E7 mRNA (siE7) and checked the effect of siE7 in vitro. Tumor xenografts were transfected with siE7 and GenEscort III by nanopatch. Expression of HPV18 E7 mRNA and protein were detected 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours after transfection with PT-PCR and Western blot, and the best action time was analyzed using nanopatch to thansfect siRNA in vivo. We transfected GenEscort III and siE7 of Different concentration into tumor xenografts respectively by nanopatch and intraperitoneal injection. Expression of HPV18 E7 mRNA and protein was detected 72 hours after transfection by PT-PCR and Western blot, to analyze the best action concentration of siRNA and the superiority of using nanopatch to thansfect siRNA in vivo. The results proved that SiE7was efficient to inhibit expression of HPV18 E7 mRNA and to advance Hela apoptosis in vitro. SiE7 transfected by nanopatch into xenografts could inhibit effectively expression of HPV18 E7 mRNA and protein. The best action time and concentration of siRNA of using nanopatch to thansfect siRNA in vivo are 72 hour post-transfection and 2 micromol/L siE7. To compare intraperitoneal injection in delivering siRNA in vivo, the effect of nanopatch is very predominant. It can be well concluded that Nanopatch can effectively transfer siRNA in vivo, which can effectively inhibit the HPV gene expression.

Epidemiological analysis on leprosy in China, 2001-2010 / 中华皮肤科杂志

ObjectiveTo study the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China,2001-2010.MethodsData were collected from the database of the national system of leprosy surveillance.A descriptive and comparative analysis was performed.ResultsTotally,15 507 new leprosy cases were detected from 2001 to 2010 with an average case detection rate of 0.118 per 100 000 population.Among these cases,2.7％ were children under 15 years,86.5％ multibacillary,and 22.5％ suffered from grade 2 disability.From 2001 to 2010,a total of 1506 relapse cases were detected,and relapse occurred after multi-drug therapy(MDT) in 464 of these cases.There were significant differences between low and high endemic areas in the proportion of children under 15 years,females,immigrant patients among newly detected patients as well as the proportion of cases of relapse after MDT among all the relapse cases.By the end of 2010,the registered leprosy cases were 6032 with a prevalence rate of 0.450 per 100 000 population,among whom 2886 were under MDT.ConclusionsThe leprosy case detection rate continued to decrease in China from 2001 to 2010 with an unequal distribution.The pocket areas were in Yunnan province,Guizhou province,Sichuan province,Guangdong province,Hunan province and Tibet Autonomous Region.It is warranted to enhance the control of leprosy and reduce the prevalence of disability due to leprosy.