Doença arterial obstrutiva assintomática e Índice Tornozelo-Braquial em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Assintomatic peripheral obstructive arterial disease and Ankle-Brachial Index in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

OBJETIVO: Rastrear a presença de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica assintomática em portadores de diabetes. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal de uma amostra composta por 50 pacientes de um ambulatórios de endocrinologia e geriatria, portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, com mais de 5 anos de diagnóstico. O Índice Tornozelo-Braquial foi aferido por meio de esfigmomanômetro oscilométrico automático. A análise de dados foi obtida do software SSPS, versão 22. RESULTADOS: Dos 50 pacientes avaliados, com média de idade de 70 anos (50 a 91 anos de idade), 44% apresentavam Índice Tornozelo-Braquial normal e 16% tinham valores anormais. Como fatores associados de risco, apresentavam hipertensão arterial sistêmica (84%), sedentarismo (78%), dislipidemia (72%) e história de tabagismo (34%), porém sem associação estatística com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica assintomática. CONCLUSÃO: Foi alta a frequência do Índice Tornozelo-Braquial em relação anormal na amostra estudada. Ressalta-se a importância desse índice como método de baixo custo, fácil operacionalidade, não invasivo e de alta aceitabilidade na prática clínica da Atenção Primária de pacientes com risco cardiovascular aumentado.(AU)

OBJECTIVE: To track the presence of asymptomatic peripheral obstructive arterial disease in patients with diabetes. METHODS: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with 50 patients of an endocrinology and geriatrics outpatient's department with more than five years of diabetes mellitus type 2 diagnosis. The ankle-brachial index was measured through an automatic oscillometric sphygmomanometer. Data analysis was obtained with SSPS Software, version 22. RESULTS: Of the 50 patients evaluated, with a mean age of 70 years (50-91 years of age), 44% presented with normal ankle-brachial index, and 16% had abnormal values. They had , systemic arterial hypertension (84%), sedentarism (78%), dyslipidemia (72%), and smoking history (34%) as associated risk factors, but no statistical association with asymptomatic peripheral obstructive arterial disease. CONCLUSION: This study found a high frequency of abnormal ankle-brachial index in the sample studied. The importance of this index is highlighted as a low-cost, easy-to-operate, non-invasive, highly accepted method in the clinical practice of primary care of patients with increased cardiovascular risk.(AU)

Effects of inferior splenic lobe pole fixation and gastrosplenic peritoneal membrane section on the vitality of the remanent of subtotal splenectomy in rats

PURPOSE: To investigate the vitality of the spleen lower pole after subtotal splenectomy with suture to the stomach and after posterior peritoneal gastro-splenic membrane section, using macro and microscopic evaluations. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were used in this study and were randomly distributed in the three groups: Group 1: (n=20), subtotal splenectomy with lower pole preservation, Group 2: (n=20) subtotal splenectomy with lower pole preservation and suture to the stomach, Group 3: subtotal splenectomy with lower pole preservation and posterior peritoneal gastrosplenic ligament section. The animals were sacrificed 45 days after the surgery and the spleen lower poles were removed for macroscopic and microscopic examination. RESULTS: All animals in this series survived. No macroscopic differences were encountered between the groups. Microscopic evaluation observed statistic difference concerning fibrosis between group 1 and 3 (p≤0.05), but the analysis for necrosis and inflammation presented no differences. CONCLUSION: Vitality of the spleen lower pole after subtotal splenectomy is minimally modified when it is fixed to the stomach or when the posterior peritoneal gastrosplenic ligament is resected. .