Résumé
The effect of single-dose inhaled terbutaline, sodium cromo-glycate and budesonide were compared with control in 11 exercise-induced asthma (EIA) patients, aged 9-14 years. Patients exercise for 6 minutes, 15 minutes after inhaling drugs. The FVC, FEV1, PEFR and MMEF were recorded before exercise and after exercise at 5 minutes interval up to 25 minutes. After exercise, the mean (SEM) maximal percentage fall in FEV1 after placebo, 200 micrograms of terbutaline, 10 mg of sodium cromoglycate, and 100 micrograms of budesonide were 22.81 (3.45), 4.05 (2.11), 11.29 (1.18), and 20.36 (2.33) respectively. It was concluded that single-dose inhaled terbutaline and sodium cromoglycate resulted in a significant protective effect on exerxide-induced asthma whereas budesonide did not.
Sujets)
Administration par inhalation , Adolescent , Antiasthmatiques/administration et posologie , Asthme à l'effort/prévention et contrôle , Bronchodilatateurs/administration et posologie , Budésonide , Enfant , Cromoglicate de sodium/administration et posologie , Femelle , Volume expiratoire maximal par seconde/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Humains , Mâle , Prégnènediones/administration et posologie , Terbutaline/administration et posologie , Résultat thérapeutiqueRésumé
We examined whether replacing glucose with Peptilose into standard ORS would be advantageous over WHO-ORS. A study was carried out on 134 diarrheal children with mild to moderate dehydration. They received either WHO-ORS or Peptilose-ORS by randomized selection. In only two cases in each group, diarrhea was caused by Vibrio cholerae non 0-1. Significant per cent weight gain was observed in patients with Peptilose-ORS compared to those treated with WHO-ORS (P = 0.046). The patients could voluntarily take a higher amount of Peptilose-ORS and had significantly less stool output in the combined mildly and moderately dehydrated patients. It is concluded that Peptilose-ORS is more advantageous and acceptable than the standard WHO glucose-ORS for treatment of non cholera and 2 cases of cholera dehydrating diarrhea in children.
Sujets)
Acides aminés , Diarrhée du nourrisson/thérapie , Femelle , Humains , Nourrisson , Mâle , Oligosaccharides , Peptides , Études prospectives , Solutions réhydratationRésumé
To promote breast feeding and/or prevent further decline of adverse infant feeding practices, we developed an integrated comprehensive breast feeding promotion program, and implemented it in Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital in 1987. The program provided sound knowledge and attitudes toward breast feeding to all mothers at the Antenatal Care Unit, delivery room, the Postnatal Care Unit, and the Outpatient Department. The program activities included early bonding, assistance with initiation of breast feeding, rooming-in, provision of a breast feeding corner in the special care unit, collecting breast milk for sick babies, a lactation clinic and home visits. The impact of the program was evaluated in 1992. Altogether 1,428 mothers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. The results were highly encouraging. A majority of the mothers were of low socioeconomic status, 60 percent of them worked outside the home, and 40 percent were housewives. Compared with baseline data reported in 1986, breast feeding in infants aged 0 to one month increased from 85 to 90 percent, and the practice in the nine- to 12-month old group increased from 39 to 47 percent. However, the acute drop of the practice from 90 percent at birth to 50 percent at the one- to two-month old stage observed was similar in the two studies. The main reasons given by mothers for prematurely stopping breast feeding were the mothers' working outside the home (46%), and insufficient milk (23%). Provision of breast feeding education, along with improved maternal nutrition, extension of maternity leave, and availability of nurseries at the work place, may sustain a longer period of breast feeding.
Sujets)
Adolescent , Adulte , Allaitement naturel/statistiques et données numériques , Femelle , Promotion de la santé/statistiques et données numériques , Hôpitaux de district (USA)/statistiques et données numériques , Humains , Nourrisson , Nouveau-né , Entretiens comme sujet , Âge maternel , Modèles biologiques , Facteurs socioéconomiques , ThaïlandeRésumé
A randomized, double blind control study of the treatment of acute diarrhea with aluminium hydroxide and cholestyramine in comparison with a control group demonstrated the effectiveness of cholestyramine in shortening the hospital stay, and the diarrhea course was better than that of aluminium hydroxide. However, aluminium hydroxide was superior to intravenous fluid plus early feeding.
Sujets)
Hydroxyde d'aluminium/usage thérapeutique , Résine de cholestyramine/usage thérapeutique , Essais cliniques comme sujet , Diarrhée du nourrisson/traitement médicamenteux , Méthode en double aveugle , Humains , Nourrisson , Répartition aléatoireRésumé
Parents and medical auxiliaries should participate in the oral rehydration programme to reduce diarrhoeal diseases mortality. Integration of this programme into the national health programme will require a system of education and training that can reach everyone involved in the delivery of health care. A pilot study carried out at a province in northeast of Thailand showed that only 0.6% of diarrhoeal cases had to be referred for treatment to the provincial hospital. The benefit of oral rehydration at periphery by local health officers could be appreciated by the reduction in admission of diarrhoeal cases to the provincial hospital and significant reduction of mortality rate. The role of parents and medical auxiliaries in practice and promotion of oral rehydration is the key to the success of control of diarrhoeal diseases in the context of primary health care.