Résumé
PURPOSE: To validate the hypothesys that a psycological preparation for children who will undergo cardiac surgery may improve the outcome. METHODS: Sixty patients, with ages ranging between 3 and 10 years, submitted to heart surgery for treatment of congenital heart defects, were evaluated. They were divided in 2 groups: experimental and control. A questionnaire was designed for collecting data about psychological and clinical aspects of each patient. RESULTS: The following data was found to be of statistical significance: acceptance of peripheral vein puncture in the surgical group (chi 2 = 11.59, p < 0.05), calm awakening following general anesthesia (chi 2 = 9.64 p < 0.05), cooperation with the physiotherapy staff (chi 2 = 13.30, p < 0.05), coping with parents absence (chi 2 = 9.64, p < 0.05), acceptance of fluid restriction (chi 2 = 17.78, p < 0.05) and cooperation with removal of stitches and pacemaker electrodes (chi 2 = 19.20, p < 0.05). There was not statistical significance on demand of sedation, cooperation at removal of the orotracheal tube and during examination, necessity of reintubation and occurrence of clinical complications. However, the prepared group showed a slight tendency to have less postoperative complications (20) than the control (27). CONCLUSION: It was found that children who had adequated psychologic preparation prior to the correction of congenital heart defects had better psychological results with the imposed trauma
Objetivo - Avaliar, em crianças, a validade de preparo psicológico na cirurgia de cardiopatia congênita,verificando a relação entre psicoterapia preparatória para cirurgia e a recuperação cirúrgica. Métodos - Sessenta pacientes, submetidos à cirurgia de cardiopatia congênita, com diagnósticos variados, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 3 a 10 anos, divididos em 2 grupos, experimental e controle, com amostragem intencional, devido a imposição ética. Foram utilizados formulários para coleta de dados que abrangiam aspectos psicológicos e clínicos da evolução de cada paciente. Resultados - Os futores com significância estatística foram: permitir punção de veia no bloco cirúrgico (X2= 11,59, p<0,05), acordar tranqüilo (X2 = 9,64, p<0,05), cooperação na retirada do dreno (X2= 3,75, p<0,05) e na fisioterapia (X2= 13,30, p<0,05), aceitação da ausência da mãe(X2= 9,64, p<0,05), cooperação com a restrição hídrica (X2 = 17,78, p