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ABSTRACT Congenital and gestational syphilis are increasingly prevalent multisystemic infections in Brazil. This study aimed to present a case series of three children diagnosed with congenital syphilis even though their mother had unreactive treponemal tests. The VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) titers of a 22-year-old mother with three pregnancies decreased after treatment. The mother did not have a reactive treponemal test, but all the three children were diagnosed with early congenital syphilis. This case series highlights the difficulty in diagnosing gestational and congenital syphilis in Brazil.
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Introduction Acute liver failure (ALF) due to diffuse infiltrating solid malignancy without any focal lesions on radiographic imaging is rare. Case report A 70-year-old man was admitted due to mental confusion, abdominal pain, and ALF. Three years before, he had undergone a left nephrectomy for urothelial carcinoma followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed hepatomegaly and ascites. Ascitic fluid had transudate characteristics, with no malignant cells. Percutaneous liver biopsy (LB) showed diffuse liver infiltration of metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The patient rapidly deteriorated and died in a week due to ALF. Discussion History of solid cancer and hepatomegaly and/or liver failure without other obvious explanation should encourage to perform LB. Conclusion LB is warranted to avoid misdiagnosis, prolonged hospital stays, and delay in palliative care.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Sujet âgé , Tumeurs de la vessie urinaire/anatomopathologie , Carcinomes , Défaillance hépatique aigüe/anatomopathologie , Ascites , Autopsie , Biopsie , Issue fatale , Erreurs de diagnostic , HépatomégalieRÉSUMÉ
ABSTRACT Objective: The authors aim to perform a thorough translation with cultural adaptation of the patient reported outcome tool, Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) Score, to the Portuguese language (LARS-PT) in the Portuguese population with rectal cancer, after proctectomy with anastomosis. Methods: According to the current international recommendations, we designed this study encompassing three main phases: (i) cultural and linguistic validation to European Portuguese; (ii) feasibility and reliability tests of the version obtained in the previous phase; and (iii) validity tests to produce a final version. The questionnaire was completed by 154 patients from six Portuguese Colorectal Cancer Units, and 58 completed it twice. Results: Portuguese version of LARS score showed high construct validity. Regarding the test-retest, the global Intraclass Correlation showed very strong test-retest reliability. Looking at all five items, only items 3 and 5 present a moderate correlation. LARS score was able to discriminate symptoms showing worse quality of life, in patients submitted to preoperative radio and chemotherapy. Conclusions: LARS questionnaire has been properly translated into European Portuguese, demonstrating high construct validity and reliability. This is a precise, reproducible, simple, clear and user-friendly tool for evaluating bowel function in rectal cancer patients after sphincter saving operation.
RESUMO Objetivo: Os autores pretendem fazer uma tradução minuciosa e culturalmente adaptada para a língua portuguesa do escore da Síndrome de Ressecção Anterior Baixa (Low Anterior Resection Syndrome [LARS]), um instrumento de desfecho relatado pelo paciente, na população portuguesa com câncer retal após proctectomia com anastomose. Métodos: De acordo com as recomendações internacionais atuais, o estudo foi projetado abrangendo três fases principais: (i) validação cultural e linguística para o português europeu; (ii) testes de viabilidade e confiabilidade da versão obtida na fase anterior; e (iii) testes de validade para produzir a versão final. O questionário foi preenchido por 154 pacientes de seis unidades portuguesas de câncer colorretal e 58 pacientes completaram duas vezes. Resultados: A versão em português do escore LARS mostrou alta validade de construto. A correlação intra-classe global apresentou confiabilidade muito forte no teste-reteste. Considerando-se todos os cinco itens, apenas os itens 3 e 5 apresentam uma correlação moderada. O escore LARS foi capaz de discriminar sintomas com pior qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos a radio- e quimioterapia pré-operatória. Conclusões: O questionário LARS foi traduzido corretamente para o português europeu, demonstrando alta validade de construto e confiabilidade. Trata-se de uma ferramenta precisa, reproduzível, simples, clara e fácil de usar para avaliar a função intestinal em pacientes com câncer retal após operações poupando o esfíncter.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Qualité de vie , Tumeurs du rectum , Études de validation comme sujet , Tumeurs colorectalesRÉSUMÉ
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Immunological control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is dependent on the cellular immune response, mediated predominantly by Th1 type CD4+ T cells. Polarization of the immune response to Th2 can inhibit the host immune protection against pathogens. Patients with tuberculosis coinfected with helminths demonstrate more severe pulmonary symptoms, a deficiency in the immune response against tuberculosis, and an impaired response to anti-tuberculosis therapy. METHODS: We evaluated the cellular immune response and the impact of the presence of Ascaris lumbricoides on the immune and clinical response in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Ninety-one individuals were included in the study: 38 tuberculosis patients, 11 tuberculosis patients coinfected with Ascaris lumbricoides and other helminths, 10 Ascaris lumbricoides patients, and 34 non-infected control individuals. Clinical evolution of pulmonary tuberculosis was studied on 0, 30, 60, and 90 days post-diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Ascaris lumbricoides. Furthermore, immune cells and plasma cytokine profiles were examined in mono/coinfection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Ascaris lumbricoides using flow cytometry. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in any of the evaluated parameters and the results indicated that Ascaris lumbricoides infection does not lead to significant clinical repercussions in the presentation and evolution of pulmonary tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS: The association with Ascaris lumbricoides did not influence the Th1, Th2, and Th17 type responses, or the proportions of T lymphocyte subpopulations. However, higher serum levels of IL-6 in tuberculosis patients may explain the pulmonary parenchymal damage.
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Humains , Animaux , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Jeune adulte , Ascaridiose/immunologie , Tuberculose pulmonaire/immunologie , Interleukine-6/sang , Ascaris lombricoides , Ascaridiose/complications , Facteurs temps , Tuberculose pulmonaire/complications , Anticorps antihelminthe/sang , Études cas-témoins , Cytokines/immunologie , Cytokines/sang , Interleukine-6/immunologie , Évolution de la maladie , Co-infection , Cytométrie en flux , Adulte d'âge moyenRÉSUMÉ
Abstract INTRODUCTION This study characterized the clinico-epidemiological profile of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases in Barbalha, Ceará State, Brazil. METHODS Medical records of 363 patients visiting Federal University of Cariri between 2009 and 2014 were analyzed. RESULTS ACL was more prevalent in men with low education level from rural zones. The main presentation was a single ulcer, mainly in the lower limbs, and 49.8% also presented lymphadenomegaly. The annual incidence ranged from 2.83 to 22.60 per 10,000 inhabitants. CONCLUSIONS: The rates observed in this study indicate the importance of additional research to contribute to the control of this endemic disease.
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Nourrisson , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Adolescent , Adulte , Jeune adulte , Leishmaniose cutanée/épidémiologie , Population rurale , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Brésil/épidémiologie , Incidence , Prévalence , Études rétrospectives , Leishmaniose cutanée/diagnostic , Adulte d'âge moyenRÉSUMÉ
The aims of this study are to provide a comparative analysis of the growth and the expression of seed vigor from wheat plants subjected to periods of waterlogging during the development period. The treatments consisted of different combinations of soil waterlogging: T1 = no waterlogging; T2 = two waterlogging periods, at stages Z25 and Z45; and T3 = three waterlogging periods, at stages Z25, Z45 and Z75. Plants were collected at regular intervals after emergence until the end of the cycle: 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 and 112 days after emergence (DAE). Dry mass and leaf area of samples were determined. From the primary data, the analysis of growth was applied, and the total dry mass, dry matter production, relative growth and net assimilation rates, leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf mass ratio and specific leaf area were calculated. Seedling emergence, seedling emergence rate index and dry mass of seedling shoots and roots were also evaluated. Wheat plants grown in conditions of field capacity demonstrated better performance compared to those subjected to three periods of soil waterlogging, with higher total dry mass and net assimilation rates. Seedling emergence and seedling emergence rate index did not differ between treatments. However, soil waterlogging for two or three periods resulted in a reduction in the dry matter of roots and shoots of wheat seedlings. The growth of wheat plants was found to be negatively affected by soil waterlogging. The expression of seed vigor from plants not exposed to soil waterlogging was similar to that of plant seeds subjected to soil waterlogging, although seedling growth was affected negatively by waterlogging conditions.
O objetivo deste estudo é fornecer uma análise comparativa do crescimento e da expressão do vigor das sementes das plantas de trigo submetidas a períodos de alagamento do solo durante o ciclo de desenvolvimento. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes combinações de alagamento do solo: T1 = sem alagamento do solo; T2 = dois períodos de alagamento do solo, nos estágios Z25 e Z45; e T3 = três períodos de alagamento do solo, nos estádios Z25, Z45 e Z75. As plantas foram coletadas em intervalos regulares após a emergência até o final do ciclo: 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 e 112 dias após a emergência (DAE). Foi determinada a massa seca e a área foliar das amostras. A partir dos dados primários, foi aplicada a análise do crescimento, calculando-se a massa seca total, a taxa de produção de matéria seca, o crescimento relativo e a taxa de assimilatória líquida, área foliar, razão de área foliar, razão de massa foliar e área foliar específica. A emergência de plântulas, o índice de emergência das plântulas e a massa seca de parte aérea e raízes de plântulas foram avaliados. As plantas de trigo cultivadas em condições de capacidade de campo demonstraram melhor desempenho em comparação com aqueles submetidos a três períodos de alagamento do solo, com maior massa seca total e taxa de assimilatória líquida. O índice de emergência e o índice de emergência de plântulas não diferiram entre os tratamentos. No entanto, o alagamento do solo durante dois ou três períodos resultou em uma redução na matéria seca de raízes e de parte aérea de plântulas de trigo. O crescimento das plantas de trigo foi afetado negativamente pelo alagamento do solo. A expressão do vigor das sementes de plantas não expostas ao alagamento do solo foi semelhante à das sementes de plantas submetidas ao alagamento do solo, embora o crescimento das plântulas tenha sido afetado negativamente pelas condições de inundação.
Sujet(s)
Graines , Sol , Stress physiologique , Triticum , Biomasse , HypoxieRÉSUMÉ
Abstract Introduction: Aging is understood as the sum of all biological, psychological and social changes that occur over the years. Associated with aging we list up the changes of morphological and functional order of the immune system: Immunosenescence. Objective This study's objective was to characterize the effect of a brief exercise program on the profile of cytokines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of elderly individuals in Manaus, AM, Brazil. Materials and methods: Twelve subjects aged 66.8 (± 3.7) years old on average engaged in three weekly sessions of exercises for 16 weeks and, seven subjects aged 66.1 (± 6.7) years on average, who practiced only recreational activities, composed the control group. Serum levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α and INF-γ were measured using the CBA technique (cytometric Bead Array) and the count of subpopulations of lymphocytes - B, B1, T/CD4, T/CD8, Treg, NK and NKT - was performed using flow cytometry. Results: The relative number of B lymphocytes, T/CD4+ and NKT (CD3+/CD16 +/CD56+) increased significantly (p <0.05) after physical activity, compared to the pre-exercise phase and the control group. In another analysis, each individual in the test group was classified either as major or minor producer of each cytokine; i.e., their values were above or below the cut-off point defined by the median of all measurements of that cytokine. Patterns of cytokine production were observed in the post-exercise group, which allowed defining sets ("signatures") of cytokines that were associated with the practice of short-term physical exercises. Conclusion: Our work showed that exercise induces changes in the count of immune cells, which allows us to infer that it can be used as an alternative to reverse or mitigate the implications of immunosenescence.
Resumo Introdução: O envelhecimento é compreendido como a soma de todas as alterações biológicas, psicológicas e sociais que ocorrem com o passar dos anos. Associadas ao envelhecimento elencam-se as alterações de ordem morfológica e funcional do sistema imunológico: Imunossenescência. Objetivo: Caracterizar o efeito do condicionamento físico breve sobre o perfil de citocinas e células mononucleares do sangue periférico de idosos na cidade de Manaus, AM. Materiais e métodos: Doze indivíduos com idade média de 66,8±3,7 anos realizaram 3 sessões semanais de exercícios físicos por 16 semanas e sete indivíduos com idade média de 66,1±6,7 anos, praticantes de atividades lúdicas, formaram um grupo controle. Os níveis séricos de IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α e INF-γ foram medidos pela técnica CBA (Cytometric Bead Array) e as contagens de subpopulações de linfócitos B, B1, T/CD4, T/CD8, TReg, NK e NKT foram realizadas por citometria de fluxo. Resultados: Observou-se que, após a atividade física, houve aumento significativo (p < 0,05) no número de linfócitos B, T/CD4 + e NKT (CD3 + /CD16 + /CD56 + ), quando comparados à fase pré-treinamento e ao grupo controle. Em outro modelo de análise, qualificando-se cada indivíduo do grupo teste como alto produtor ou baixo produtor das citocinas, observaram-se padrões na fase pós-treinamento que permitiram definir conjuntos ("assinaturas") de citocinas que se expressam associadas ao exercício. Conclusão: Nosso trabalho evidenciou que o exercício induz alterações na contagem de células imunes, o que nos permite inferir que pode ser usado como alternativa para reverter ou atenuar as implicações da imunossenescência.
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Vivemos um momento de transição radical na área da saúde. Com novos modelos de saúde, a atenção é entregue por equipes, avaliada pelos resultados e adquirida como pacotes. Nesta nova configuração, mídias digitais e sociais tornam-se uma fonte cada vez mais importante de valor. As pessoa estão sendo capacitadas a participar mais ativamente de sua própria saúde, fornecendo novas ferramentas para gerenciar as condições crônicas e aliviar a carga sobre os sobrecarregados sistemas de saúde. A saúde é prestada, tradicionalmente, em três espaços: domicílios, clínicas e hospitais. As mídias digitais criaram o quarto espaço, o espaço digital, que inclui: canal digital para saúde, inovação digital e iniciativas digitais de impacto social. No canal digital para saúde, os profissionais de saúde estão implantando mídia digital e social no sistema de saúde tradicional para, por exemplo, consulta de acompanhamento por e-mail e acesso on-line para os resultados de laboratório. Na área de inovação digital para consumidores, mídia digital e social oferecem maneiras novas e melhores para pacientes e cuidadores gerirem doença e saúde e compartilharem experiências com comunidade on-line. Nas iniciativas digitais de impacto social, as organizações dos setores público e privado usam inovações digitais para facilitar comunicações interativas, a fim de prevenir a doença e promover a saúde. Concluindo, o uso das estratégias digitais na área da saúde está cada vez mais presente e, certamente, contribui e contribuirá para a melhoria da prática clínica, porém, ainda se sugere a necessidade de novos estudos bem planejados e de qualidade sobre este novo método.
We are living a moment of a radical transition in the health area. Health care is proportioned by a team, evaluated by results and acquired like packets. In this new way of health care the digital and social media become na important source of value. People are being capable of taking part actively of their own health, providing tools to manage chronic conditions in order to relieve "overburdened" health system. The health traditionally contains three spaces: homes, ambulatories and hospitals. The digital media created the fourth space, the digital space that includes: digital channel for health, digital innovation and digital initiatives of social impact. In the digital channel for health, the health professional are implanting digital and social media in the traditional health system to make the follow up of patients by e-mail, or to have online access of laboratory results. In the digital innovation for consumers social and digital media provide new and better ways for patients and caregivers to manage disease and health and share experiences with online community. In the digital initiatives of social impact, the private and public organizations to prevent disease and promote health. Concluding, the use of digital strategies in the health area is more and more presente and certainly contributes and will contribute to improve clinical practice, however we suggest the need of well-planned new studies for the use of this strategy.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Maladies cardiovasculaires/prévention et contrôle , Médias sociaux , Promotion de la santé/méthodes , Diffusion des innovations , Internet , Personnel de santé/tendances , TélémédecineRÉSUMÉ
Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre a adoção de práticas de gestão de carreira por empresas atuantes no mercado nacional e a percepção de seus empregados, executivos e não executivos, sobre suas possibilidades de crescimento profissional no seu emprego atual. Para o cumprimento de tais objetivos, 550 empresas foram pesquisadas e os resultados apurados por meio de estatísticas descritivas e de um modelo Probit. Foi constatado um maior impacto das práticas de gestão de carreira sobre a percepção dos não executivos. Os executivos, provavelmente por terem suas competências mais desenvolvidas que os não executivos, percebem suas possibilidades de crescimento profissional de forma menos dependente da empresa onde trabalham.
This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the adoption of practices of career management by companies, operating in the domestic market, and the perception by its employees, both executives and non-executives, about their chances of career growth at their current job. To that end, 550 companies were surveyed and the results were calculated using descriptive statistics and a Probit model. A greater impact was noted of career management practices on the perception by non-executives. As to the executives, probably because they had developed their skills more fully than the non-executives, perceived their opportunities of career growth in a less dependent way on the company where they work.
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la relación entre la adopción de prácticas de gestión de carrera por empresas que actúan en el mercado nacional y la percepción de sus empleados, ejecutivos y no ejecutivos, sobre sus posibilidades de crecimiento profesional en su empleo actual. Para el cumplimiento de tales objetivos 550 empresas fueron encuestadas y los resultados obtenidos por medio de estadísticas descriptivas y de un modelo Probit. Se constató un mayor impacto de las prácticas de gestión de carrera sobre la percepción de los no ejecutivos. Los ejecutivos, probablemente por tener sus capacidades más desarrolladas que los no ejecutivos, perciben sus posibilidades de crecimiento profesional de forma menos dependiente de la empresa donde trabajan.