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J Health Popul Nutr ; 2001 Jun; 19(2): 59-65
Article Dans Anglais | IMSEAR | ID: sea-794

Résumé

Placental malaria infection jeopardizes pregnancy outcome, and its influence may also impair the transplacental transfer of some antibodies. Two hundred and thirteen Gambian mother-baby pairs were studied to determine the influence of placental malaria infection and maternal hypergammaglobulinaemia on transplacental transfer of measles and tetanus antibodies in Gambian population. Placental blood and tissue were collected for placental malaria diagnosis. Cord and maternal sera were tested for total IgG concentration by laser nephelometry and for IgG antibody to tetanus toxoid and measles by ELISA. The prevalence of placental malaria infection was 51.1%. Mothers whose placentae were parasitized had a significantly higher mean total serum IgG (22.0 g/L vs 11.3 g/L, p < 0.001) and measles antibody level (4.02 IU/mL vs 1.21 IU/mL, p < 0.01), but not tetanus antibody, than mothers with non-parasitized placentae. Results of multiple regression analysis showed that placental malaria infection and maternal hypergammaglobulinaemia were associated with the reduction of 72% (95% CI 67.84) and 86% (95% CI 76.91) in transplacental transfer of measles antibody respectively but did not influence the transfer of tetanus antibody. It is concluded that the combined influence of placental malaria infection and maternal hypergammaglobulinaemia is significantly associated with the transfer of impaired measles antibody in this population.


Sujets)
Adulte , Anticorps/métabolisme , Clostridium tetani/immunologie , Femelle , Sang foetal/immunologie , Humains , Hypergammaglobulinémie/immunologie , Immunité acquise d'origine maternelle , Immunoglobuline G/sang , Transmission verticale de maladie infectieuse , Paludisme/immunologie , Échange foetomaternel , Rougeole/immunologie , Virus de la rougeole/immunologie , Placenta/immunologie , Grossesse , Complications de la grossesse/immunologie , Santé en zone rurale , Tétanos/immunologie , Anatoxine tétanique/immunologie
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