Résumé
Introdução: As desordens potencialmente malignas (DPM) são condições da cavidade oral que apresentam risco significativo para o desenvolvimento do câncer. Desse modo, o diagnóstico precoce torna-se essencial no prognóstico de lesões orais. Para isso, analisar o perfil de conhecimento acerca dessas desordens é fundamental ao identificar lacunas na educação e promover alternativas para melhorar a qualidade no diagnóstico. Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção de cirurgiões-dentistas (CDs) e estudantes de Odontologia brasileiros acerca de seu conhecimento e capacidade de identificar DPM. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal através de aplicação de questionário online. Foram aplicados dois questionários com 24 questões, um para estudantes e outro para CDs, divididos em três seções: dados demográficos e acadêmicos, treinamento, atitudes e autopercepção sobre DPM e conhecimento de DPM. A análise estatística envolveu os testes de Pearson, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: O estudo foi composto por 209 participantes, 76 CDs e 133 estudantes de odontologia. A maioria dos participantes nunca realizou curso que envolvia o diagnóstico de desordens potencialmente malignas. A pontuação sobre o conhecimento de DPM variou de 0 a 10 pontos, sendo a média entre estudantes de 6,29±1,77 e entre CDs de 7,01±1,82. A maior taxa de acertos foi para as questões que discutiam a conduta clínica e a definição das desordens. Já as questões com menor taxa de acertos foram sobre lesões que não são consideradas potencialmente malignas, potencial de malignização e definição de Carcinoma in Situ. Conclusão: Há lacunas no conhecimento de estudantes de odontologia e CDs na identificação das desordens potencialmente malignas. Logo, essa deficiência reforça a necessidade de mais treinamentos e investimentos em educação, bem como de acompanhamento periódico de pacientes com tais desordens, a fim de prevenir potenciais transformações malignas.
Introduction: Potentially malignant disorders (PMD) are conditions of the oral cavity that present a significant risk for the development of cancer. Thus, early diagnosis becomes essential in the prognosis of oral lesions. Therefore, assessing the knowledge profile of these disorders is essential to identify gaps in education and to promote alternatives to improve the quality of their diagnosis. Objective: Evaluate the perception of brazilian dentists and dental students about their knowledge and ability to identify PMD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online questionnaire. Two questionnaires with 24 questions were applied, one for students and other for dentists, divided into three sections: demographic and academic data, training, attitudes and self-perception about potentially malignant disorders and knowledge of potentially malignant disorders. Statistical analysis involved Pearson, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The study consisted of 209 participants, 76 dentists and 133 dentistry students. Most participants never attended a course that involved the diagnosis of potentially malignant disorders. The score of knowledge about potentially malignant disorders ranged from 0 to 10 points, with a mean of 6.29±1.77 among students and 7.01±1.82 among dentists. The highest rate of correct answers was for questions that discussed clinical management and the definition of disorders. The questions with the lowest rate of correct answers were about lesions that are not considered potentially malignant, malignancy potential and the definition of Carcinoma in Situ. Conclusion: There are gaps in the knowledge of dental students and dentists in the identification of potentially malignant disorders. Therefore, this deficit reinforces the needed of more training and investments in education, as well as more training and investments in education and periodic follow-up of patients with such disorders are needed in order to prevent potential malignant transformations.
Résumé
Abstract Objective To assess the association between risk factors for developing denture stomatitis (DS) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in complete denture wearers. Methodology Participants of both sexes, wearing complete dentures, were classified using the modified Newton classification for the absence or the severity of DS and allocated to groups Normal or zero, IA, IB, II, and III. Lifestyle, oral and denture history, and medication use were assessed using specific questionnaires; clinical parameters such as anatomical characteristics of support were evaluated with the Kapur classification; salivary flow (SF) was calculated by the volume of unstimulated saliva per minute; and microbial load was determined by counting colony forming units (CFU) of target microorganisms present in the biofilm collected from dentures and palate. OHIP-EDENT assessed the OHRQoL. Kendall's tau_b and Spearman tests were applied with a significance level of 5%. Results 184 patients (143 female and 41 male) aged 65.5 ± 6.8 years were evaluated. Positive correlations were found for sex (women; p=0.013, r=0.16), individuals who started to consume alcoholic beverages as a young adult (18-27 years) (p=0.008, r=0.22), CFU of Candida spp. (p<0.001, r=0.27 denture; p<0.001, r=0.31 palate); Candida albicans (p=0.004, r=0.22 denture; p=0.003, r=0.25 palate), and Candida glabrata (p=0.004, r=0.22 denture; p=0.001, r=0.27 palate). Moreover, negative correlations with DS were found for CFU of Staphylococcus spp. (p=0.004, r=-0.20 palate) and enterobacteria (p=0.002, r=-0.24 palate), as well as a negative correlation between SF (p=0.009, r=-0.193) and DS. The CFU of Staphylococcus spp. and enterobacteria on the palate significantly correlated with OHRQoL. Conclusion Being female, consuming alcoholic beverages as a young adult, CFU of Candida spp., Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and salivary flow may be the most significant risk factors for DS. The microbial load of Staphylococcus spp. and enterobacteria seems to influence the quality of life for complete denture wearers.