A comparative biochemical study on the non diabetic obese and non obese subjects with cardiovascular disease.

Cardiovascular disease is now a major public health problem in India and is emerging as a major killer. The non diabetic obese and non obese subjects with cardio vascular disease” were carried out with the objective of studying or investing the (effect) cause of cardiovascular diseases in obese and Non-obese subjects. The level of lipoprotein a of non obese subject showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase than in the obese subject. The level of lipid ratio (total cholesterol / HDL cholesterol) found to be significantly (P < 0.001) high in obese subjects than in non-obese subjects. The present study has been designed to evaluate or investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease due to obesity in both male and female middle age group.

Spectrophotometric determination of ritonavir by condensation method using ninhydrin and ascorbic acid.

A simple and sensitive extractive visible spectrophotometric method for the assay of Ritonavir in pure and pharmaceutical Formulations based on the reaction between peptide group in RIT and Ninhydrin in the presence of ascorbic acid affords a blue violet coloured product (λ max 560nm). Regression analysis of Beer-Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges (20-60) μg/ml. The percent recoveries are obtained as 99.64 ± 0.47 to 100.40 ± 0.45 by proposed method and 99.51 ± 0.25 to 99.92 ± 0.20 by reference method for the formulations respectively. The method can be applied successfully for the estimation of the Ritonavir in the presence of other ingredients that are usually present in formulations. The method offers the advantage of rapidity, simplicity and sensitivity and low cost without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents.

Reactive positioning of pathologically migrated tooth following non-surgical periodontal therapy.

While contemporary periodontics has witnessed the continued emergence of sophisticated techniques to resolve esthetic concerns through various periodontal procedures, frequently the early stages of periodontal diseases are best treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy. This short communication presents a case of reactive positioning of pathologically migrated anterior tooth following non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Salmonella typhi VI antigen co-agglutination test for the rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever.

A slide Co-agglutination test for the detection of Salmonella typhi Vi antigen in blood was evaluated for its efficiency in rapid diagnosis of Typhoid fever. The results were compared with conventional methods like Blood culture and Widal test. The test showed a sensitivity of 86.67% and specificity of 88.83% when compared with blood culture positivity or Widal titre above 160. This is a useful rapid diagnostic test for the early diagnosis of Typhoid fever.

Hyponatremia in sick children seeking pediatric emergency care.

This prospective study evaluated the frequency, clinical characteristics and causes of hyponatremia (serum sodium < 130 mEq/L) in 727 children upto 12 years of age, who were brought for emergency care, and needed hospitalization. Hyponatremia was found in 29.8% and was more frequent in summer (36%; 123/341) than in winter (24%; 94/386) (p < 0.001). Acute lower respiratory infections (pneumonia) and acute diarrhea each accounted for 20% cases of hyponatremia; others were accounted for by meningitis/encephalitis (12%) septicemia (8%), and renal, heart and liver diseases (6-7% each). Clinical evaluation and concurrent plasma and urinary osmolality and urine sodium suggested that hyponatremia associated with pneumonia, meningitis/encephalitis, septicemia, seizures and miscellaneous diseases was of hypotonic-euvolemic (dilutional) type in more than 80% patients while in all children with acute diarrhea it was of hypovolemic type. The study has shown that hyponatremia occurs frequently in sick children requiring emergency care, especially in summer months, and should receive appropriate attention in the management plan.

Inflammatory fibrous histiocytoma of the posterior mediastinum.

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of inflammatory type from posterior mediastinum which is a rare site is reported here. Its clinico-pathological features are discussed.

Hyponatremia in sick children: a marker of serious illness.

To study the association between hyponatremia (serum sodium < or = 130 mEq/L) and the final outcome of the illness, we correlated serum sodium concentration at the time of hospitalization with the length of hospital stay and mortality in a prospective study of 727 sick children aged upto 12 years, who sought emergency care. The mean +/- SE duration of hospital stay (7.7 +/- 0.4 days) among 217 children with serum sodium < or = 130 mEq/L was about 30% longer than that of 510 children with serum sodium > or = 131 mEq/L (5.9 +/- 0.3 days) (p < 0.01). This remained unaffected by the sex and the age group, but was further prolonged in children with hypotonic--euvolemic type of hyponatremia as compared to those with hypovolemic hyponatremia. The mortality rate in 510 children with normal serum sodium concentration (> or = 131 mEq/L) was 5.3%. In contrast, it was 17% in 47 children with serum sodium < 125 mEq/L (Relative Risk 3.2; 95% Confidence Interval 1.6-6.7) and 9.3% in 170 children with serum sodium between 126-130 mEq/L (Relative Risk--1.8; 95% Confidence Interval 1.1-3.7) (p < 0.01). Hyponatremia in acutely ill children at admission indicates a poor prognosis.

Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating rheumatoid lung disease.

This case report describes the pleuro-pulmonary involvement in a young patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of one and half year duration. The early involvement of lung interstitium in a 27-year-old male and development of pneumothorax were the unusual features. The various aspects of rheumatoid lung disease (RLD) and its clinical significance were briefly discussed.

Detection of silent myocardial ischemia by Holter monitoring and its relation to severity of coronary artery disease.

Thirty-five patients of chronic stable angina, unstable angina and post MI angina, who were on medical treatment, underwent 24 hours Holter monitoring and coronary angiography to find out the incidence of Silent Myocardial Ischemia (SMI) and its relation to anatomic severity of coronary artery disease. Total duration of Holter monitoring was 835.32 hours (average 23.40 hours per patient) with 48 ischemic episodes out of which 16 were painful and 32 painless. Total duration of painful episodes was 189 minutes and that of painless episodes was 428 minutes (70% was constituted by SMI). Out of 35 patients, 6 (17.14%) had SMI; 2 of 17 (11.7%) of chronic stable angina, 2 of 8 (25%) of unstable angina, and 2 of 10 (20%) of post-infarction angina patients. On analysis of coronary angiogram, all 6 (100%) patients with SMI, and only 22 out of 29 (76%) without SMI, had severe multiple coronary artery disease. Thus, although the overall incidence of SMI in this series is low, its presence invariably indicates a severe degree of coronary artery disease.