Research Progress of Fluorescence Detection Response Mechanism of Organic Small Molecular Probes to Peroxynitrite Anion / 分析化学

Peroxynitrite anion(ONOO?)is one of the most active species of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS).As an important physiologically active molecule,the abnormal expression of ONOO?will damage the protein and DNA in cells,leading to inflammation and other serious diseases in vivo.In recent years,fluorescence detection technology has been used to realize rapid and sensitive monitoring of bioactive molecules,and imaging tools have been used to conduct high-resolution tracing.Therefore,many organic small molecule fluorescent probes have been developed to detect ONOO?.In this paper,the recent research progresses of ONOO? fluorescence detection methods based on intramolecular charge transfer(ICT),photoinduced electron transfer(PET),fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET),excited state intramolecular charge transfer(ESIPT)and other fluorescence response mechanisms were reviewed.

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of mitomycin C-perfluorooctyl bromide liposome nanoparticles in the treatment of human pterygium fibroblasts / 眼科新进展

Objective To prepare a nano drug(PFOB@Lip-MMC)with liposome as the carrier,liquid perfluorooc-tyl bromide(PFOB)as core and mitomycin C(MMC)loading on the liposome shell and study its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human pterygium fibroblasts(HPFs).Methods The thin film dispersion-hydration ultrasonic method was used to prepare PFOB@Lip-MMC and detect its physical and chemical properties.Cell Counting Kit-8,Cam-PI cell viability staining and flow cytometry were employed to detect the impact of different concentrations of PFOB@Lip-MMC on the via-bility of HPFs.DiI fluorescence labeled PFOB@Lip-MMC was used to observe the permeability of the nano drug to HPFs under a laser confocal microscope.After establishing HPF inflammatory cell models,they were divided into the control group(with sterile phosphate-buffered saline solution added),PFOB@Lip group(with PFOB@Lip added),MMC group(with MMC added),PFOB@Lip-MMC group(with PFOB@Lip-MMC added)and normal group(with fresh culture medi-um added)according to the experimental requirements.After co-incubation for 24 h,flow cytometer was used to detect the apoptosis rate of inflammatory cells,and the gene expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,prostaglandin E2(PGE2),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in cells were analyzed by PCR.Results The average particle size and Zeta potential of PFOB@Lip-MMC were(103.45±2.17)nm and(27.34±1.03)mV,respec-tively,and its entrapped efficiency and drug loading rate were(72.85±3.28)％and(34.27±2.04)％,respectively.The sustained-release MMC of drug-loaded nanospheres reached(78.34±2.92)％in vitro in a 24-hour ocular surface environ-ment.The biological safety of PFOB@Lip-MMC significantly improved compared to MMC.In terms of the DiI fluorescence labeled PFOB@Lip-MMC,after co-incubation with inflammatory HPFs for 2 h,DiI fluorescence labeling was diffusely dis-tributed in the cytoplasm of inflammatory HPFs.The apoptosis rate of inflammatory HPFs in the PFOB@Lip-MMC group[(77.23±4.93)％]was significantly higher than that in the MMC group[(51.62±3.28)％].The PCR examination results showed that the gene transcription levels of IL-1 β,PGE2,TNF-α and VEGF in other groups were significantly reduced com-pared to the control group and PFOB@Lip group,with the most significant decrease in the PFOB@Lip-MMC group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion In this study,a novel nano drug(PFOB@LIP-MMC)that inhibited the proliferation of HPFs was successfully synthesized,and its cytotoxicity was significantly reduced compared to the original drugs.It has good bio-compatibility and anti-inflammatory effects,providing a new treatment approach for reducing the recurrence rate after pte-rygium surgery.

Efficacy and safety of cyberknife in the treatment of elderly patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of Cyberknife in the treatment of elderly patients(aged≥75 years)with early stage non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and to compare the results with those of patients aged<75 years.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 75 patients with early(T1-2N0M0)NSCLC admitted to the 960th Hospital of Jinan People's Liberation Army from January 2013 to October 2019.There were 32(42.7%)patients aged<75 years,and 43(57.3%)patients aged≥75 years.All patients were treated with 45-66Gy/3-8F,60%-85%isodose line as the prescription dose to cover planning target volume(PTV),and irradiation once a day and five times a week.The clinical efficacy,survival status and radiotherapy toxicity of the two groups were compared,and the factors affecting the efficacy of elderly patients were analyzed.Results The disease control rates of patients aged<75 and≥75 years were 96.9%and 93.0%,respectively(P>0.05).The 5-year local control rate(LC),progression-free survival(PFS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)were 70.9%and 85.4%,58.5%and 54.4%,and 70.4%and 64.5%,respectively(P>0.05).However,the overall survival(OS)of patients aged≥75 years was significantly lower than that of patients aged<75 years,and the 5-year OS was 49.2%and 68.2%,respectively(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the treatment complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that biologic effective dose(BED)was an independent factor affecting OS in patients aged≥75 years.Conclusion Stereotactic body radiotherapy with cyberknife is a safe and effective treatment for elderly patients with early stage NSCLC who are not suitable for surgery.

Comparison of the effect between night-wearing orthokeratology lens and frame glasses on the treatment of juvenile myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the effects of night-wearing orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on the treatment of juvenile myopia, and provide reference for the selection of myopia treatment methods in adolescents.METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 106 adolescent myopia patients who received treatment in our hospital from June to November 2020. According to the wishes of patients, they were divided into two groups with 53 cases in each group. The control group was given regular frame glasses after optometry, while the observation group was given night-wearing orthokeratology lenses. The uncorrected visual acuity(LogMAR), refractive index(spherical equivalent and cylindrical lens power), and ocular biological parameters(axial length, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and lens thickness)were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity(LogMAR)of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1a after treatment(0.51±0.12 vs. 0.73±0.15), and the spherical equivalent(-0.23±0.05 vs. -5.32±1.35D)and cylindrical lens power(-1.53±0.22 vs. -1.97±0.35DC)were smaller than those of the control group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001). The axial length of the eyes in the two groups increased at 1a after treatment and the axial length in the control group was longer(25.53±0.84 vs. 25.95±0.83 mm); the lens thickness of the observation group was increased compared with that before treatment(3.39±0.19 vs. 3.31±0.15 mm; P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). After 1a treatment, the accommodative amplitude(14.29±1.37 vs. 12.90±1.07D), accommodative facility(11.05±2.09 vs. 7.59±1.82cpm), and total staining rate of corneal epithelium in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(15.1% vs. 1.9%), and the accommodative lag was lower than that in the control group(0.55±0.11 vs. 0.97±0.30D; P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). There were no significant differences in corneal cell density(3197.23±249.66 vs. 3207.41±258.14 cells/mm2), corneal endothelial cell area(309.27±28.04 vs. 312.62±24.95mm2)and the incidence of complications between the two groups before and after treatment(5.7% vs. 9.4%; P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: Night-wearing orthokeratology lenses can improve uncorrected visual acuity in adolescent patients with myopia, reduce the spherical equivalent and cylindrical lens power, and improve the accommodation-related parameters, but has no significant effect on the corneal function.

The protective effect of inhibiting CD47 expression on radiation-induced lung injury / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To study the protective anti-radiation effect of inhibiting CD47 expression in the lung tissues of mice and to explore the associated mechanism.Methods:Female C57BL/6 mice ( n = 60) were randomly divided into four groups: normal, blank, negative and positive. The blank group received only whole-lung irradiation; The negative group received whole-lung irradiation and tracheal infusion of adeno-associated virus containing nonsense sequence shRNA; The positive group received whole lung irradiation and tracheal drip containing adeno-associated virus containing shRNA expression of CD47. Fresh blood samples were collected at 24 h, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks post-irradiation, respectively. The expression level of CD47 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Determination of hydroxyproline content by alkaline hydrolysis. The LC3 expression level was measured by immunohistochemical staining. Serum transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were assessed by ELISA. Results:RT-PCR showed that the relative expression level of CD47 mRNA in the lung tissues in the positive group was significantly lower compared to those in the negative group, the normal group, the blank group (24-hour, P were <0.001,<0.001,<0.001, respectively. 4-weeks, P were <0.001,0.003,0.001, respectively. 12-weeks, P were 0.009, 0.002, 0.005, respectively). There were no significant differences in CD47 mRNA expression in the three groups except the positive group (all P>0.05), and there was no significant difference in CD47 mRNA expression with time in each group (all P>0.05).The serum TGF-β1 content was higher in the 24 h, 4-week, and 12-week blank groups ( P were <0.001, 0.003 and 0.003, respectively) and negative groups( P were 0.001, 0.021 and 0.034, respectively) after irradiation than that in the mice in the normal group. At the same time, the serum TNF-α of positive group after irradiation (24 hours, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, P were 0.022, <0.001, <0.001, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the normal group. The content of hydroxyproline in the blank group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (4 weeks, 12 weeks, P were 0.002, <0.001, respectively). Immunohistochemical indications: 24 h after irradiation was higher than the expression of LC3 in mouse lung tissue at 4 weeks and 12 weeks (all P < 0.001). The difference between the negative group and the blank group was not obvious ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Inhibition of CD47 expression can reduce the degree of radiation-induced pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis probably via enhanced autophagy. CD47 may represent a novel target for the protection of radiation-induced lung injury.

Application of a metal occlusal surface and split framework in the treatment of a patient with mandibular distal extension absence and insufficient occlusogingival distance / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To investigate the effect of a metal occlusal surface and stress interruption design on minimally invasive prosthodontics for patients with distal extension absence and insufficient occlusal gingival distance.@*Methods @# We retrospectively studied the case of minimally invasive prosthodontic (Vitallium 2000) combined with a metal occlusal surface for distal extension absence in a patient with insufficient occlusal gingival distance; the stress breaking design and pressure impression technology are examined, and relevant articles are reviewd. @*Results@#The design effectively solves the problems of insufficient occlusal gingival distance, large occlusal force and easy denture fracture. Reviewing the relevant literature, stress interruption design can effectively protect abutment teeth, but the behavior of stress interruption design and stress conduction phenomena in the mouths of patients has not been reported. The T-scan test results of this study showed that before and after wearing the denture, the occlusal force distribution ratio of the patient changed from 77.5% on the left and 22.5% on the right to 61.3% on the left and 38.7% on the right. The occlusal force distribution ratio of the right dentition to the total occlusal force increased by 16.2%, and the occlusal force became better distributed. Further analysis showed that the occlusal forces on the left and right sides were nearly the same in the initial occlusion stage. As the occlusal force was further increased, the proportion of the occlusal force on the right side decreased in the middle of the occlusion stage and further decreased in the final occlusion stage until it reached a dynamic balance. The above T-scan test and literature review results suggest that this dynamic balance phenomenon of bite force is related to the stress interruption design and the stress conduction effect of the split framework.@* Conclusion @#The composite of stress interruption design and metal occlusal surface allows for minimally invasive prosthodontics for the treatment of distal extension absence in patients with insufficient occlusal gingival distance.

Comparison of Plasma Components between Frozen Plasma and Fresh Frozen Plasma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the plasma components of frozen plasma (FP) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP).@*METHODS@#Twenty samples of FP and 20 samples of FFP from Beijing Red Cross Blood Center were randomly selected. Immediately after plasma melting, 12 plasma components including coagulation factor, fibrinolytic system and anticoagulation protein were detected, including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), coagulation factor Ⅷ (FⅧ) activity, coagulation factor Ⅴ (FⅤ) activity, fibrinogen(FIB) level, ADAMTS-13 activity, von Willebrand factor(vWF) activity, D-dimer (D-dimer, DD), fibrin degradation products (FDP), antithrombin (AT), protein C (PC), and protein S (PS). All these coagulation components between the two types of plasma were compared and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Compared with FFP, APTT in FP was significantly prolonged(t=3.428, P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#FP can substitute FFP in the treatment of some diseases, although it is lack of some coagulation factors and anticoagulation protein.

Analysis of the Irregular Antibodies of the Patients and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To retrospectively analyze the identification results of irregular antibodies, to clarify the distribution features and to explore the relation of alloantibodies and autoantibodies with the immunized history of patients and disease kinds.@*METHODS@#49 820 patients who applied for red blood transfusion during Sep 1st 2017 to Sep 1st 2018 were selected. All the specimens were screened for the antibody by microcolumn gel antiglobulin technique, which then were identified for irregular antibody.@*RESULTS@#Antibodies were found in 861 (1.73%) of all 49 820 transfused samples. The alloimmunization history of the patients with antibodies was significantly different between male and female (χ=18.54，P＜0.01). The alloantibody was the most common, accounting for 59.50% in all of the antibodies. Warm autoantibody, anti-E, anti-M, anti-cE and anti-Ce accounted for 68.5% of the antibodies. The blood group of Rh, MNS and Lewis were responsible for 92.40% of alloantibody, especially anti-E accounted for the largest percentage(38.60%) of alloantibody. Patients with alloantiboies experienced much more the alloimmunization and transfusion history (χ=20.13，P＜0.01；χ=5.40，P＜0.05) . The distribution of auto and alloantibody was very significantly different among the ddifferent isease (χ=51.8，P＜0.01), Hematopathy, solid tumor and osteoarthropathy were often associated with alloantibody, otherwise, autoantibodies often occurred in hematopathy and autoimmune disease.@*CONCLUSION@#The most important factor that results in antibody-screening positive is alloantibody, in which anti-E antibody from Rh blood group system in most common.

Comparison of ED of intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease before and after cardiac surgery / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the median effective dose (ED) of intranasal dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation in uncooperative pediatric patients with acyanotic congenital heart disease before and after cardiac surgery.@*METHODS@#We prospectively recruited 47 children (22 in preoperative group and 25 in postoperative group) who needed sedation for transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). A modified up-and-down sequential study design was employed to determine dexmedetomidine dose for each patient with a starting dose of 2 μg/kg in both groups; dexmedetomidine doses for subsequent subjects were determined according to the responses from the previous subject using the up-and-down method at a 0.25 μg/kg interval. The ED was determined using probit regression. The onset time, examination time, wake-up time and adverse effects were measured, and the safety was evaluated in terms of changes in vital signs every 5 min.@*RESULTS@#The ED value of intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation was 1.84 μg/kg (95% : 1.68-2.00 μg/kg) in children with congenital heart disease before cardiac surgery, and 3.38 μg/kg (95% : 3.21-3.54 μg/kg) after the surgery. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the demographic variables, onset time, examination time, wake-up time, or adverse effects.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In children with acyanotic congenital heart disease, the ED of intranasal dexmedetomidine for TTE sedation increases to 3.38 μg/ kg after cardiac surgery from the preoperative value of 1.84 μg/kg.

Role of hysterectomy in management of amniotic fluid embolism / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

Hysterectomy is the ultimate management option for uterine hemorrhage.If other less invasive methods are unable to control the life-threatening uterine bleeding in the management of amniotic fluid embolism,hysterectomy should be immediately performed.However,hysterectomy is not the primary ornecessary treatment in most cases and prophylactic hysterectomy should never be performed.The indications,techniques and perioperative management are discussed in the article.

Preliminary results of magnetic resonance angiography of ophthalmic artery in diabetic retinopathy / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To observe the characteristics of magnetic resonance angiography of(MRA) ophthalmic artery in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods A total of 36 eyes of DR patients (DR group) diagnosed by clinical examination were included in the study.Among them,there were 42 eyes in 21 males and 15 eyes in 15 females.The average age was 55.2 years old.The average duration of diabetes was 7.56 years.All eyes were examined by MRA and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) in the ophthalmic artery.At the same time,24 eyes of 12 patients were examined by computed tomography angiography (CTA).Twenty-two healthy volunteers with age and gender matching were selected as the control group.Among them,there were 13 males and 9 females.All patients underwent MRA examination of the ophthalmic artery;at the same time,5 eyes of 5 eyes were examined by CTA.MRA and CTA were classified into three grades according to the development condition and shape change of the ophthalmic artery.0 grade:no abnormality;grade Ⅰ:mild lesion;grade Ⅱ:obvious lesion.According to the results of FFA examination,it was divided into no obvious disease stage,background stage,proliferative stage,proliferative stage.The morphological features of the MRA of the ophthalmic artery in the DR group and the control group were compared.The relationship between the MRA grading of the ophthalmic artery and the FFA staging was observed in the DR group.The consistency analysis between the MRA and CTA grades of the ophthalmic artery in the DR group was performed by Kappa test;the relationship between the MRA grade and the FFA staging of the ophthalmic artery was analyzed by Spearson correlation analysis of the same data with two-way ordered attributes.Results In 44 eyes of the control group,the MRA in grade 0 and Ⅰ of the ophthalmic artery were 41 and 3 eyes,respectively;all eyes of the CTA examination of the ophthalmic artery were grade 0.In 72 eyes of the DR group,the MRA in grade 0,Ⅰ,and Ⅱ of the ophthalmic artery were 28,28,and 16 eyes,respectively.Among the 24 eyes examined by CTA,there were 13,6,and 5 eyes in grade 0,Ⅰ,and Ⅱ,respectively.In the DR group,the classification of MRA and CTA of the ophthalmic artery was highly consistent (Kappa value =0.86).There were significant differences in the number of eyes with different grades of MRA in the DR group and the control group (Z=-5.74,P=0.000).In 72 eyes of the DR group,there were 8,12,22,and 30 eyes in no obvious disease stage,background stage,proliferative stage,and proliferative stage,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between MRA grading and FFA staging in the DR group (r=0.405,P=0.000).Conclusions MRA can show the changes of ophthalmic artery morphology and reflect DR staging to a certain extent.It has a high consistency with FFA vascular changes.

Propofol combined with hypoxia induces cognitive dysfunction in immature rats p38 pathway / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of propofol combined with hypoxia on cognitive function of immature rats and the possible role of p38 pathway and tau protein in mediating such effects.@*METHODS@#Ninety 7-day-old (P7) SD rats were randomized for daily intraperitoneal injection of propofol (50 mg/kg) or lipid emulsion (5.0 mL/kg) for 7 consecutive days. After each injection, the rats were placed in a warm box (38 ℃) with an oxygen concentration of 18% (hypoxia), 21% (normal air), or 50% (oxygen) until full recovery of the righting reflex. Another 90 P7 rats were similarly grouped and received intraperitoneal injections of p-p38 blocker (15 mg/kg) 30 min before the same treaments. The phosphorylated tau protein, total tau protein and p-p38 content in the hippocampus were detected using Western blotting. The spatial learning and memory abilities of the rats were evaluated with Morris water maze test.@*RESULTS@#Compared with lipid emulsion, propofol injection resulted in significantly increased levels of p-p38, phosphorylated tau and total tau proteins in rats with subsequent hypoxic or normal air treatment ( < 0.05), but propofol with oxygen and injections of the blocker before propofol did not cause significant changes in the proteins. Without subsequent oxygenation, the rats receiving injections of propofol, with and without prior blocker injection, all showed significantly prolonged latency time and reduced platform-crossing times and third quadrant residence time compared with the corresponding lipid emulsion groups ( < 0.05). With oxygen treatment, the rats in propofoland blocker-treated groups showed no significant difference in the performance in Morris water maze test from the corresponding lipid emulsion group. The results of Morris water maze test differed significantly between blocker-propofol group and propofol groups irrespective of exposures to different oxygen levels ( < 0.05), but not between the lipid emulsion and blocker group pairs with exposures to different oxygen levels.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Propofol combined with hypoxia can affect the expression of tau protein through p38 pathway to impair the cognitive function of immature rats, in which oxygen plays a protective role.

The role of vitamin D in allergic rhinitis

Recent studies suggest that vitamin D is related to allergic rhinitis (AR). In this review, we first discuss the physiology and metabolism of vitamin D, then we review the function of vitamin D in the immune system, and above all, we highlight the current research regarding the role of vitamin D in AR. Finally, we find that there are both experimental and clinical studies showing that vitamin D is associated with AR, although the results are not consistent and even conflicting. Evidences from those clinical studies show a slightly tendency that serum vitamin D level might be inversely associated with the risk of AR. Meanwhile, it seems that gender and age may influence the relationship between vitamin D and AR. However, because of the heterogeneity in defining AR, differences in study design and so on, all these findings need to be confirmed by further studies. Additional clinical studies as well as experimental research are needed to better understand how vitamin D influences AR.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D inversely associated with blood eosinophils in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between vitamin D and allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. The present study investigated their association by examining serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, blood eosinophils, and the expression of vitamin D receptors (VDR) on nasal mucosa in patients with AR. METHODS: A total of 32 patients with persistent AR and 25 controls were enrolled in this study. Serum 25(OH)D levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and eosinophils in the peripheral blood were examined by an automated hematology system, while VDR expression on inferior turbinate mucosa was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the correlation of serum 25(OH)D levels with blood eosinophils in persistent AR was analyzed. RESULTS: No significant difference in serum 25(OH)D levels was detected between the AR and control groups (p = 0.371). Interestingly, the serum 25(OH)D levels of the AR group were negatively correlated with blood eosinophil count and its proportion (p = 0.019 and p = 0.010, respectively) even when adjusting confounding factors including age, sex, body mass index, and the season of blood sampling. On the other hand, no significant difference in the expression levels of VDR on nasal mucosa was found between the AR group and the control group (p = 0.231). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the serum 25(OH)D might be inversely associated with blood eosinophils in patients with persistent AR. However, the relationship between vitamin D and AR still requires further clarification

MR diffusion tensor imaging of optic radiation in chronic Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To observe quantitatively the optic radiation alterations in chronic Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using MR diffusion tensor imaging at 3.0 T.Methods Twenty-five patients with chronic LHON and twenty-eight sex-and age-matched disease-free control subjects wereenrolled from March 2011 to December 2014.The whole brain DTI examination and retinal opticalcoherence tomography were performed in all the subjects.The parameters values of optic radiation includingfractional anisotropy(FA),mean diffusivity(MD),principal eigenvalue(λ//),orthogonal eigenvalue(λ⊥) and average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and temporal retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness were measured.For DTI and OCT parameters,differences between patients and controls and differences right and left of the patient group were evaluated using independent-samples t test and paired t test respectively.Results In LHON patients,the DEC maps showed that the bilateral optic radiation fibers were obviously sparse and slender.The values of FA,MD,λ// and λ⊥ in the right optic radiation were 0.523±0.050,(0.903±0.061) × 10-9 mm2/s,(4.999 ±-0.097) × 10-9 mm2/s and (4.126-± 0.065) × 10-9 mm2/s respectively,and the corresponding values of left optic radiation were 0.537±0.041,(1.057±0.573)× 10-9 mm2/s,(5.052±0.119)×10-9 mm2/s and (4.138±0.072)×1009 mm2/s.Compared with optic radiation in the control group,the bilateral FA was significant reduced,the bilateral λ⊥ value and right MD value were significant increased (t=-6.524,-6.045,6.932,6.454,3.471,P＜0.05).However,there were no significant difference of the bilateral λ〃 and left MD (t=-0.457,1.221,1.833,P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in FA,MD,λ//and λ⊥ between the left and right eyes in LHON patients(P＞0.05).The values of average RNFL thickness and temporal RNFL thickness in right eyes were (59.36± 10.94) and (41.72±9.43) μm respectively,and the corresponding values of left eyes were (60.12±9.81),(44.72±9.43) μm.The average and temporal RNFL thickness were significantly thinned in LHON patients compared with the control group(t=-16.357,-10.398,-17.169,-9.672,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in average RNFL thickness between the left and right eyes (t=0.959,P＞0.05),temporal RNFL thickness between the left and right eyes was statistically significant (t=2.645,P＜0.05).Conclusion The bilateral optic radiation had significant degeneration and atrophy in chronic LHON.

Determination of Hexabromocyclododecanes Enantiomers in Earthworm and Soil by Chiral High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Isotopic Dilution-Tandem Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

An enantioselective method was developed for the separation and determination of three chiral hexabromocyclododecanes ( HBCDs ) including α-HBCD, β-HBCD, γ-HBCD in soil and earthworm by HPLC-ID-MS/MS. d18-HBCDs used as internal standards were added to the samples before extraction. HBCDs enantiomers were extracted from soil by accelerated solvent extraction ( ASE ) with n-hexane/DCM (1:1,V/V) at 100℃ and 10 MPa for 5 min, and further cleaned up using silica column. HBCDs enantiomers were extracted from earthworm by vortex turbulence with ethyl acetate. The extracts were orderly sulphonated by sulfuric acid, and purified by silica column. For all HBCDs enantiomers, good linearities were obtained in the concentration range of 0. 25-50 ng/mL. Limits of detection ( LOD) and limits of quantification ( LOQ) were 0. 00544-0. 00766 ng/g and 0. 0173-0. 0244 ng/g, respectively in soil. The recoveries of spiked samples at 0. 05 and 2. 5 ng/g levels were 80. 0%-95. 9% with relative standard deviations ( RSD, %) of 5. 7%-11. 9% in soil. Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0. 0103-0. 0148 ng/g and 0. 0328-0. 0471 ng/g, respectively in earthworm. The recoveries of spiked samples at 0. 1 and 5 ng/g levels were 78. 0% -94. 4% with relative standard deviations ( RSD, %) of 6. 1% -12. 2% in earthworm. This method can meet the requirements of determination of trace HBCDs in soil and earthworm.

Determination of Chlorinated Persistent Organic Pollutants in Infant Hair by Gas Chromatography_High Resolution Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

Infant hair is a good medium to assess the cumulative exposure level of infant in the mother ' s body. Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants were ubiquitous and with the highest volume concentration in the human body. In this experiment, 20 infant hairs were collected from Beijing. The sample was overnight incubated in HCl, extracted with the mixture of hexane and dichloromethane, and cleaned up by a cartridge filled with alumina and acidified silica. The final eluate was concentrated, and 16 kinds of typical chlorinated persistent organic pollutants were detected with gas chromatography_high resolution mass spectrometry ( HRGC_MS). The results showed that the detection limit of the target compounds in sample was 1. 00-2. 50 μg/kg, the recovery of surrogate in all samples was more than 67 . 6%, and the range of recoveries for target compounds in spiked sample was 62. 5%-92. 3%. The positive rate is 100% for hexachlorobenzene,β_HCH and p, pˊ_DDE, 85% for γ_HCH, 50% for PCB28, and 40% for PCB52. The concentrations of Hexachlorobenzene, HCHs, DDTs and PCBs were 5. 48-8. 40 μg/kg, 3. 86-27. 1 μg/kg, 1. 16-18. 3 μg/kg and 2. 20-22. 1 μg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations were 7. 84 μg/kg for hexachlorobenzene, 6. 93 μg/kg for HCHs, 5. 53 μg/kg for DDTs, and 3. 44 μg/kg for PCBs. The method and the analysis results can be used to evaluate the accumulation level and cumulative exposure level of 16 target compounds for fetal in motherˊs body.

Effect of ruji recipe on the post-surgical survival of female breast cancer patients / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Ruji Recipe (RR) in preventing disease recurrence/metastasis and improving quality of life (QOL) for female breast cancer patients after operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 102 female patients with stage I - III breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed. They were assigned to the treatment group (54 cases) and the control group (48 cases) according to whether they would rather accept RR therapy. Estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive patients also accepted endocrine therapy. The overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence and metastasis, and QOL were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 100 patients completed the study. The median follow-up was 59 months. The median OS was 60 months in the treatment group and 52.5 months in the control group (chi2 = 3.274, P > 0.05). The median DFS was 55.0 months in the treatment group and 47.5 months in the control group (chi2 = 10.145, P < 0.01). The DFS rate was 75.9% (41/54) in the treatment group and 54.3% (25/46) in the control group (chi2 = -2.259, P < 0.05). There was statistical difference in the 2-, 3-, and 5-year DFS between the two groups (P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in the 2-year DFS 3-year DFS between stage II and III and stage III (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in the ER positive patients between 2-year DFS and 3-year DFS (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). There was statistical difference in the 3-and 5-year distant metastasis rate (DMR) in the treatment group, lower than that of the control group (3.7% vs 31.0%, 20.7% vs 60.7%; P < 0.01). By the end of follow-up, disease progression occurred in 13 cases of the treatment group, local recurrence in 3 cases, single organ metastasis in 7 cases, multi-metastasis in 3 cases, while the corresponding numbers were 21, 1, 11, and 9 in the control group (P < 0.05). As for 1 week before study and at 2-year follow-up using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast Cancer (FACT-B) system, there was statistical difference in the QOL between the two groups (P < 0.05), and better effect was obtained in the treatment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RR, as an assistant therapy, could improve the OS rate, the DFS rate, and the QOL for post-surgical female breast cancer patients in 2 -3 years.</p>

The application of lung perfusion imaging in radiotherapy of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To observe the changes of lung function before and after radiotherapy with the lung perfusion of single-photon emission computed tomography and compare the difference between radiotherapy plans conducted by functional imagines and anatomical imagines in radiotherapy of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods A total of 36 patients (26 males and 10 females,aged 36-80 years) with lung cancer diagnosed as stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer confirmed by histological proof were selected.The lung perfusion image was delivered to radiotherapy planning system and the two plan (plan1 and plan 2) were made by lung perfusion image fusion.Plan 1 was only based on the anatomical informations and no lung perfusion images of SPECT considering.Plan 2 was optimized based on the lung perfusion image to reduce the irradiation dose of the normal tissues.The differences of protecting lung function between plan 1 and plan 2 were compared.Results 36 patients were stratified for clinical stage.FV10,fV20,fV30,MLD and PTV90/fV20 were decreased significantly after optimized with IMRT (all P =0.000).FV20,fMLD were decreased by (4.89±2.0) ％,(1.74 ±0.9)％.The IMRT plan based on the lung perfusion fusion images of SPECT could reduce the irradiation dose of normal lung tissues and the incidence of radiation pneumonitis.Conclusions Radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging can assess effectively the effect of tumor to regional pulmonary artery perfusion function before radiotherapy and reduce the irradiation dose of normal lung tissue in lung cancer patients undergoing IMRT.

Changes of cell immunophenotypes after transformation from myeloproliferative disorders into acute myeloid leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

Some cases of myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) could be transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the cell differentiation process of MPD into AML has not yet been observed in vivo. This study was aimed to reveal this differentiation process. The flow cytometry was used to analyse the immunophenotype of differentiated cells of 2 MPD cases who developed into AML in a short time. The reports showed that the different MPD-AML subclones are presented when the MPD cells that proliferate slowly in vivo become the AML blast cells that proliferate rapidly. It is concluded that understanding the process of MPD crisis will help the MPD-AML early diagnosis and treatment.