Magnesium promotes vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic states / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Diabetes has long been considered a risk factor in implant therapy and impaired wound healing in soft and hard oral tissues. Magnesium has been proved to promote bone healing under normal conditions. Here, we elucidate the mechanism by which Mg2+ promotes angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic status. We generated a diabetic mice model and demonstrated the alveolar bone healing was compromised, with significantly decreased angiogenesis. We then developed Mg-coating implants with hydrothermal synthesis. These implants successfully improved the vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic status. Mechanically, Mg2+ promoted the degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and the nucleation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by up-regulating the expression of sestrin 2 (SESN2) in endothelial cells, thus reducing the elevated levels of oxidative stress in mitochondria and relieving endothelial cell dysfunction under hyperglycemia. Altogether, our data suggested that Mg2+ promoted angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic mice by regulating endothelial mitochondrial metabolism.

Clinical decision and related factors influencing implant direction in the esthetic area / 华西口腔医学杂志

Implant treatment in the esthetic area requires stable osseointegration and successful esthetic outcomes. Achieving this goal requires careful consideration of accurate implant axis and ideal three-dimensional position. Owing to the high esthetics and the special anatomical structure of the maxillary, a successful implant means a synthesized deli-beration of the residual bone dimensions, soft-tissue thickness, and the relationship of the residual alveolar ridge with the planned restoration. This article offers an in-depth analysis of the clinical decisions and key factors affecting the implant direction in the esthetic area.

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a review of current evidence on anatomical factors and a decision tree / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation using lateral window and crestal technique is considered as predictable methods to increase the residual bone height; however, this surgery is commonly complicated by Schneiderian membrane perforation, which is closely related to anatomical factors. This article aimed to assess anatomical factors on successful augmentation procedures. After review of the current evidence on sinus augmentation techniques, anatomical factors related to the stretching potential of Schneiderian membrane were assessed and a decision tree for the rational choice of surgical approaches was proposed. Schneiderian membrane perforation might occur when local tension exceeds its stretching potential, which is closely related to anatomical variations of the maxillary sinus. Choice of a surgical approach and clinical outcomes are influenced by the stretching potential of Schneiderian membrane. In addition to the residual bone height, clinicians should also consider the stretching potential affected by the membrane health condition, the contours of the maxillary sinus, and the presence of antral septa when evaluating the choice of surgical approaches and clinical outcomes.

Analysis of WRKY transcription factor family based on full-length transcriptome sequencing in Polygonatum cyrtonema / 中国中药杂志

WRKY transcription factor family plays an important role in plant growth and development, secondary metabolite synthesis, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. The present study performed full-length transcriptome sequencing of Polygonatum cyrtonema by virtue of the PacBio SMRT high-throughput platform, identified the WRKY family by bioinformatics methods, and analyzed the physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, phylogeny, and conserved motifs. The results showed that 30.69 Gb nucleotide bases and 89 564 transcripts were obtained after redundancy removal. These transcripts had a mean length of 2 060 bp and an N50 value of 3 156 bp. Based on the full-length transcriptome sequencing data, 64 candidate proteins were selected from the WRKY transcription factor family, with the protein size of 92-1 027 aa, the relative molecular mass of 10 377.85-115 779.48 kDa, and the isoelectric point of 4.49-9.84. These WRKY family members were mostly located in the nucleus and belonged to the hydrophobic proteins. According to the phylogenetic analysis of WRKY family in P. cyrtonema and Arabidopsis thaliana, all WRKY family members were clustered into seven subfamilies and WRKY proteins from P. cyrtonema were distributed in different numbers in these seven subgroups. Expression pattern analysis confirmed that 40 WRKY family members had distinct expression patterns in the rhizomes of 1-and 3-year-old P. cyrtonema. Except for PcWRKY39, the expression of 39 WRKY family members was down-regulated in 3-year-old samples. In conclusion, this study provides abundant reference data for genetic research on P. cyrtonema and lays a foundation for the in-depth investigation of the biological functions of the WRKY family.

Study on the value of pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform derived parameters on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:Pulse oximetry plethysmographic (POP) waveform to indicate the patient's perfusion status and the quality of resuscitation has been affirmed. The POP waveform is obtained by a non-invasive monitoring method, and its clinical feasibility during CPR is better than that of invasive monitoring technologies. This study aimed to analyze the three parameters derived from POP waveform: CPR quality index (CQI), perfusion index (PI), and chest compression fraction (CCF) in evaluating the CPR quality and ROSC possibility.Methods:A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 74 CPR patients who were divided into the ROSC group and non-ROSC group according to their resuscitation results. The clinical data were extracted from patient monitor, the distribution and changes of the three parameters during CPR were collected, and their value of evaluating resuscitation outcome were analyzed.Results:At the end stage of resuscitation, there were statistically significant differences in the three parameters between the two groups ( P<0.05). In addition, CQI was significantly more capable in evaluating the possibility of ROSC than PI and CCF ( P<0.05). Conclusions:CQI, PI and CCF derived from POP waveform can all be applied to evaluate CPR quality and ROSC possibility. CQI has higher prognosis value than PI and CCF.

METTL3-mediated m6A RNA methylation regulates dorsal lingual epithelium homeostasis / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

The dorsal lingual epithelium, which is composed of taste buds and keratinocytes differentiated from K14+ basal cells, discriminates taste compounds and maintains the epithelial barrier. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant mRNA modification in eukaryotic cells. How METTL3-mediated m6A modification regulates K14+ basal cell fate during dorsal lingual epithelium formation and regeneration remains unclear. Here we show knockout of Mettl3 in K14+ cells reduced the taste buds and enhanced keratinocytes. Deletion of Mettl3 led to increased basal cell proliferation and decreased cell division in taste buds. Conditional Mettl3 knock-in mice showed little impact on taste buds or keratinization, but displayed increased proliferation of cells around taste buds in a protective manner during post-irradiation recovery. Mechanically, we revealed that the most frequent m6A modifications were enriched in Hippo and Wnt signaling, and specific peaks were observed near the stop codons of Lats1 and FZD7. Our study elucidates that METTL3 is essential for taste bud formation and could promote the quantity recovery of taste bud after radiation.

Detection of volatile organic compounds in diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in respiratory diseases / 中华临床感染病杂志

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen of respiratory infections. The conventional diagnostic methods for Pseudomonas aeruginosa have certain weakness, for example, sputum culture is time-consuming and of low sensitivity; and polymerase chain reaction cannot be popularized clinically due to its high cost. Meanwhile, detection of volatile organic compounds is a sensitive, rapid, portable and inexpensive diagnostic method. This review focuses on the detection of volatile organic compounds in the diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory infection, discusses the existing problems, and puts forward relevant suggestions to provide reference for clinical application and future researches.

CHINA PH ARMACY Volume 33，Number 10，May 30，2022 Semimonthly Table of Contents Effect evaluation of comprehensive drug cost control in China based on the entropy method-cluster analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate th e effects of comprehensive drug cost control in China ，and to provide reference for further improving the effects of cost control. METHODS Entropy method was used to establish a comprehensive evaluation index system of the comprehensive drug cost control effect from the respective of drug price control ability ，drug cost control ability and patient affordability. The comprehensively evaluate the effects of drug cost control in 31 provinces （autonomous regions and municipalities）during 2016-2020. The k-means cluster method was used to analyze the effects of comprehensive drug cost control in various provinces. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS During the period of 2016-2020，the total score of comprehensive drug cost control effect of 31 provinces were 14.64，16.71，17.58，17.57，17.88，respectively. The results of cluster analysis were similar to the ranking of entropy method. Medical and health system reform policy had entered a stable period after achieving phased results ； the effects of comprehensive drug cost control was characterized by regional steps in 31 provinces；the effects of comprehensive drug cost control were better in developed coastal areas and some provinces and cities of western regions ，followed by provinces and cities in central China ；however，comprehensive drug cost control in 3 provinces of northeast China showed poor effect. The effects of comprehensive drug cost control in pilot cities of comprehensive medical reform were significantly improved. It is suggested that the successful experience of pilot cities of comprehensive medical reform should be promoted nationwide ，and policies such as volume-based drug procurement ，medical insurance drug price negotiation ，and diagnosis-related groups / diagnosis-intervention packet payment method reform should be further deepened.

Two new triterpenes from Maytenus guangxiensis with their antiproliferative activity / 药学学报

Four triterpenoids were isolated and purified from the 95% ethanol extract of Maytenus guangxiensis by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI column chromatography and preparative RP-HPLC. Their structures were determined from their physicochemical properties and spectral data. They were identified as maytguanone A (1), maytguanone B (2), 11α-methoxyurs-12-ene-1β,3β-diol (3), lup-20(29)-ene-3β,11α-diol (4). Compounds 1 and 2 are new triterpenoids, along with compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from M. guangxiensis for the first time. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 3 and 4 was evaluated using the MTT procedure with three cancer cell lines. The results show that compound 3 displayed good inhibitory effects against HeLa, with an IC50 of 10.68 μmol·L-1.

USP34 regulates tooth root morphogenesis by stabilizing NFIC / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Tooth root morphogenesis involves two biological processes, root elongation and dentinogenesis, which are guaranteed by downgrowth of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) and normal odontoblast differentiation. Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation has been reported to precisely regulate various physiological processes, while its role in tooth development is still elusive. Here we show ubiquitin-specific protease 34 (USP34) plays a pivotal role in root formation. Deletion of Usp34 in dental mesenchymal cells leads to short root anomaly, characterized by truncated roots and thin root dentin. The USP34-deficient dental pulp cells (DPCs) exhibit decreased odontogenic differentiation with downregulation of nuclear factor I/C (NFIC). Overexpression of NFIC partially restores the impaired odontogenic potential of DPCs. These findings indicate that USP34-dependent deubiquitination is critical for root morphogenesis by stabilizing NFIC.

Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly another hosts of 2019-nCoV due to expression of ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission of infectious saliva droplets is a primary mode for 2019-nCoV to disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance saliva aerosol transmission is highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such as dental practice. So far, no direct evidence has been found that 2019-nCoV is vital in air flow for long time. Therefore, to prevent formation of infectious saliva droplets, to thoroughly disinfect indoor air and to block acquisition of saliva droplets could slow down 2019-nCoV dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value of saliva for 2019-nCoV, possibly direct invasion into oral tissues, and close contact transmission of 2019-nCoV by saliva droplets, expecting to contribute to 2019-nCoV epidemic control.

AFF4 regulates osteogenic differentiation of human dental follicle cells / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

As a member of the AFF (AF4/FMR2) family, AFF4 is a transcription elongation factor that is a component of the super elongation complex. AFF4 serves as a scaffolding protein that connects transcription factors and promotes gene transcription through elongation and chromatin remodelling. Here, we investigated the effect of AFF4 on human dental follicle cells (DFCs) in osteogenic differentiation. In this study, we found that small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of AFF4 resulted in decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and impaired mineralization. In addition, the expression of osteogenic-related genes (DLX5, SP7, RUNX2 and BGLAP) was significantly downregulated. In contrast, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of AFF4 significantly enhanced the osteogenic potential of human DFCs. Mechanistically, we found that both the mRNA and protein levels of ALKBH1, a critical regulator of epigenetics, changed in accordance with AFF4 expression levels. Overexpression of ALKBH1 in AFF4-depleted DFCs partially rescued the impairment of osteogenic differentiation. Our data indicated that AFF4 promoted the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs by upregulating the transcription of ALKBH1.

A new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid from Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng / 药学学报

Four cadinane-type sesquiterpenes were obtained from the petroleum ether of 95% ethanol extract of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng by using an HP-20 macroporous resin column, silica gel, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods and identified as eupatorinol (1), (+)-(5R,7S,9R,10S)-2-oxocadinan-3,6(11)-dien-12,7-olide (2), (1S,4R)-7-hydroxycalamenen-3-one(3) and (-)-(5R,6R,7S,9R,10S)-cadinan-3-ene-6,7-diol (4). Among them, compound 1 is a new cadinane-type sesquiterpene, and compound 3 was isolated from this genus for the first time. In bioassay, none of these compounds displayed obvious cytotoxicity.

Oral implant treatment for elderly patients / 华西口腔医学杂志

With the advance of materials and technologies, modern oral implantology developed rapidly. Dental implant has become the first choice to restore the missing teeth. Although it achieves a high success rate among healthy adults, for elderly patients, with the decline of physical function and other systemic diseases, the risks of implant treatment increase accordingly. Doctors should pay more attention to the factors that may affect the implant treatment of the elderly and ways of preventing possible risks and complications. Here we discuss the specificity, success rate, effect of systemic diseases and drug considerations of implant treatments in elderly patients.

Effect of touch combined with acupoint massage on relieving anxiety and pain in patients during oral implant surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of touch combined with acupoint massage on relieving anxiety and pain in patients undergoing oral implant surgery.@*Methods@#Seventy-two patients undergoing implant surgery who were eligible for inclusion were randomized into a treatment group and a control group using the envelope method, 36 in each one. The control group was given routine care, and the treatment group was treated with touch combined with acupoint massage on the basis of routine care for 20 minutes. State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure the intraoperative anxiety status of patients in the two groups. The degree of intraoperative pain was measured by verbal rating scales in both groups.@*Results@#The mean SAI score of the patients in the treatment group and the control group was 36.5±7.6 and 46.6±12.1, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.219, P<0.05). In addition, the pain levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group (Z=-2.009, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The combination of touch and acupoint massage can effectively alleviate the anxiety and pain of patients and enhance the comfort of patients during oral implant surgery, which further ensure the safe and smooth operation.

Effect of touch combined with acupoint massage on relieving anxiety and pain in patients during oral implant surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of touch combined with acupoint massage on relieving anxiety and pain in patients undergoing oral implant surgery. Methods Seventy-two patients undergoing implant surgery who were eligible for inclusion were randomized into a treatment group and a control group using the envelope method, 36 in each one. The control group was given routine care, and the treatment group was treated with touch combined with acupoint massage on the basis of routine care for 20 minutes. State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure the intraoperative anxiety status of patients in the two groups. The degree of intraoperative pain was measured by verbal rating scales in both groups. Results The mean SAI score of the patients in the treatment group and the control group was 36.5±7.6 and 46.6±12.1, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.219, P<0.05). In addition, the pain levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group (Z=-2.009, P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of touch and acupoint massage can effectively alleviate the anxiety and pain of patients and enhance the comfort of patients during oral implant surgery, which further ensure the safe and smooth operation.

Fluid structure interaction analysis of transcatheter aortic valve implantation / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Cardiac valve replacement provides an effective therapeutic means for valvular heart disease. Compared with thoracotomy surgery, interventional treatment, typified by transcatheter aortic valve implantation, has the advantages of minor trauma and rapid recovery. At present, the transcatheter aortic valve replacement is rarely applied in clinical practice. Existing studies mainly focus on the changes of physiological conditions after surgery, while little is reported on the transcatheter aortic valve models. OBJECTIVE: To explore the deformation and stress distribution features of the transcatheter aortic valve, and to verify its working performance. METHODS: The finite element geometric model and mathematical model of the aortic valve, including the aortic valve, blood vessel wall, blood and stent, were established. The fluid structure interaction analysis was carried out by the immersion boundary method, and the effective orifice area index was calculated to verify the performance of the model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the course of blood shock, the valve leaflets were curl, and the maximum deformation occurred at 1/4 and 3/4 of the valve leaflet free edge. The largest equivalent stress of the aortic valve model was on the stent, but it is almost unformed. The stress concentration of the valve leaflets was located at the curved site of the free edge and the suture points of the leaflets and stents, where a damage easily occurred. The dynamic flow experiments show that the process of the simulation model deformation and effective orifice area index are close to the experimental results. Therefore, the simulation model is reasonable and effective.

Advances in the research and application of cell penetrating peptides / 生物工程学报

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that can penetrate the cell membrane or tissue barrier. CPPs can deliver a variety of biomacromolecules, such as proteins, RNA and DNA, into cells to produce intracellular functional effects. Endocytosis and direct penetration have been suggested as the two major uptake mechanisms for CPPs-mediated cargo delivery. Compared with other non-natural chemical molecules-based delivery reagents, the CPPs have better biocompatibility, lower cytotoxicity, are easily degraded after cargo delivery, and can be fused and recombined expressed with bioactive proteins. Because of these advantages, the CPPs have become an important potential tool for delivery of developing drugs which targets intracellular factors. As a novel delivery tool, the CPPs also show promising application prospects in biomedical researches. This review summarized recent advances regarding the classification characteristics, the cellular uptake mechanisms and therapeutic application potentials of CPPs.

Role of autophagy in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic mice: the relationship with HDAC3/Bmal1 signaling pathway / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic mice and the relationship with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)/Bmal1 signaling pathway.Methods Healthy clean-grade male C57BL/6 mice were used in the study.Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin.Thirty-six mice with diabetes mellitus after being fed for 8 weeks were divided into 3 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table method:sham operation group (group S),I/R group and I/R plus HDAC3 inhibitor group (group I/R-H).Cerebral I/R was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1 h,followed by 24-h reperfusion in anesthetized mice.Specific HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 10 mg/kg was subcutaneously injected at 30 min before establishing the model in group I/R-H.Brain tissues were obtained at 24 h of reperfusion for microscopic examination and for determination of cerebral infarct size (by TTC),cell apoptosis (by TUNEL),activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (by colorimetric assay),expression of autophagy-related protein Beclin-1 and LC3B (by immunofluorescence),and expression of HDAC3,Bmal1,GSK-3β and p62 (by Western blot).Apoptosis index (AI) was calculated.Results Compared with group S,the cerebral infarct size was significantly increased,the activities of SOD and ROS and content of MDA in brain tissues were decreased,the expression of Bmal1,p-GSK-3β and HDAC3 was down-regulated,and AI was increased in group I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/ R,the cerebral infarct size was significantly increased,the activities of SOD and ROS and content of MDA in brain tissues were increased,the expression of Bmall,p-GSK-3β,Beclin-1 and LC3B was up-regulated,AI was decreased,and the expression of HDAC3 and p62 was down-regulated in group I/R-H (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion HDAC3/Bmal1 signaling pathway exerts endogenous protective effect through activating autophagy and increasing the antioxidant capacity following cerebral I/R in diabetic mice.

Index weight analysis of long-term care insurance disability rating scale / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:To establish index weight system of the disability rating scale for the long-term care in-surance. Methods:On the basis of the index system of disability rating scale constructed by Delphi method,the im-portance of each index of the scale was evaluated and its weight was calculated by analytic hierarchy process. Re-sults:The weights of the 4 first-class indicators in the long-term care insurance disability rating scale were as follows:sensory perception was 0.2408,basic activities of daily living was 0.5899,cognitive ability was 0.1204, emotional& behavior was 0.0489;and the weights of 22 second-class indicators were calculated simultaneously. Conclusions:The determination of the index weight further improves the system of disability rating system,and provides reference for the development of long-term care insurance system.