Résumé
The field of nanotechnology is quickly developing and emerging since it has enormous potential for various human uses. With their unique, size-based physical and chemical attributes, nonmaterials generated and engineered through nanotechnology have many applications in biomedicine and agriculture. Theranostics is a branch of nanomedicine that uses small, highly surface-area nanoparticles to diagnose and treat diseases. Nanomaterials have a wide range of uses in agriculture, from fertilizers that improve soil nutrient uptake by plants to nano pesticides that control a variety of pests, including fungi, phytophagous insects, and weeds, increasing food output. Agriculture and food security are intimately connected, and many researchers are interested. Agriculture production depends on many difficulties due to the severe effects of climate change, water problems and changing the distribution of insect pests. Meanwhile, it faces tremendous challenges in maintaining food security for a massive population amid declining resources. Research is actively exploring the use of nonmaterial in agriculture due to their tremendous promise. Despite their good qualities, nonmaterial present risks to the environment and human health, necessitating risk assessment studies. Green nonmaterial synthesis may lessen the usage of toxic agrochemicals that pollute the environment and enter biological systems, providing an environmentally safe, environmentally friendly, and economically advantageous option. In this critical evaluation, nanoparticles are used in agriculture.
Résumé
A patent urachus is one of the spectrums of congenital urachal anomalies. It has been termed as "urachal fistula" when the lumen of intra-embryonic portion of allantois persist abnormally. Persisting urachal fistula is a rare condition mostly diagnosed during childhood or in autopsies. Here we report a very rare case of urachal fistula of a young male. We present a case of 22 years male with intermittent periumbilical pain and sero-purulent discharge from umbilicus since birth. On examination sero-purulent discharging umbilical sinus with granuloma was present. Surgical excision of whole of the urachal fistulous tract was done with repair of bladder. Patient did well during post-operative period. Persisting urachal fistula in adult is rare entity and difficult to diagnose because of low incidence and non-specific symptoms. So a high index of suspicion is required in order to make the early diagnosis of urachal anomalies.
Résumé
Background: Platelet Transfusion are used for the treatment and prevention of bleeding in patients with decreased number and function of platelets. Platelet for transfusion can be provided by platelet concentrates, which are obtained either by PRP or buffy coat method from whole blood or by apheresis. Platelet Recovery in a patient is influenced by the transfused dose of platelets which in turn is dependent on the platelet yield. Aim of Study: In this study, our main objective is to identify the donor parameters that influence the platelet yield obtained by apheresis.Methods: This prospective study was undertaken in the Department of IHBT.140 healthy donors were selected for plateletpheresis according to guidelines laid down by Drugs and cosmetics Act over a period of one year. The plateletpheresis procedures were performed on Haemonetics MCS plus separator. Yield predicting donor variables included in the study were Age, Gender, Haemoglobin concentration, Haematocrit and Platelet count. The relationship between predonation donor variable and yield was studied using pearson correlation. Results: The Mean platelet yield was 3.19±0.48×1011per unit. Mean predonation platelet count of donor was 2.77± 0.46×105/μl. Mean age of the Donor was 30.31±8.14. Positive Correlation was observed between platelet yield and predonation platelet count of donor(r=0.318, P value 0.0001) which is significant. No such correlation was seen between platelet yield and Haemoglobin(r=0.131, P value 0.122), Haematocrit (r=0.058, P value 0.499), Age of Donor(r=0.034, P value 0.692). Conclusion: The possibility of obtaining higher platelet yield reduces the frequency of platelet transfusion and number of donor exposures with important consequent clinical and economic advantages.
Résumé
Background: Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection occurs predominantly by the faeco oral route. Cases of transmission through blood transfusion have also been reported. Currently, blood donors in India are not screened for HEV. So the present study has been undertaken to know the sero-prevalence of HEV and to determine the status of endemicity of this infection. The aim of this study is to determine the sero-prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among blood donors in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Method: 551 blood donors’ samples analysed for presence of Anti HEV IgG using 3rd generation HEV ELISA kit. The serum samples were also tested for detection of HIV, HBsAg, HCV infections, Syphilis and Malaria. Results: The study included 551 donors, of which 99% (546) were males. The sero-positivity for anti-HEV IgG antibodies was 10.7%, the maximum sero-positivity being in the age group 51-65. All the donors were non- reactive for HIV, HCV, HBsAg infections, Syphilis and Malaria. Conclusion: High Prevalence of IgG antibodies (10.7%) shows that HEV is endemic in our region. However, more studies with confirmatory assays need to be done before making it a mandatory screening test for blood donors.
Résumé
It has been difficult to extract a good quality total RNA from the plant parts (such as seeds) which contain high levels of phenolic compounds, carbohydrates and other compounds that bind and/or co-precipitate with RNA. A simple, rapid and efficient method for isolating total RNA from polyphenols and polysaccharide rich plant tissues has been developed. Seeds of leguminosae family were chosen for the study. The good quality and high yield of total RNA was achieved with A260/A280 ratio of 1.9. Seeds of three different crops (Cajanus cajan, Dolichos biflorus and Vigna mungo) at different developmental stages were evaluated for total RNA extraction using standardized protocol. Seeds at 21 days after flowering (DAF) gave the best results among others (7 DAF and dry seeds). Quality of isolated RNA from all the three crops was further checked by cDNA synthesis. The extracted RNA was found suitable for further molecular applications such as reverse transcription and cDNA library construction.