Endobronchial leiomyoma: an unusual non-defining neoplasm in a patient with AIDS / Leiomioma endobronquial: rara neoplasia não definida em paciente com AIDS

Smooth muscle neoplasms are more frequent in human immunodeficiency infected children than in HIV seropositive adults. Endobronchial leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor in HIV infected adult patients. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Here we describe an adult patient with HIV infection with atelectasis of the left upper pulmonary lobe as the first clinical expression of an intrabronchial leiomyoma. In this case, we can not show the association with EBV. Our report suggests that smooth muscle tumors as leiomyoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of endobronchial masses in AIDS patients.

Neoplasmas da musculatura lisa são mais freqüentes em crianças infectadas pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana do que em adultos HIV-soropositivos. Leiomioma endobronquial é um tumor benigno em pacientes adultos infectados por HIV. Vírus Epstein-Barr (EBV) tem sido implicado na patogenia destes tumores. Descrevemos paciente adulto infectado pelo HIV com atelectasia do lobo pulmonar superior esquerdo como primeira manifestação clínica de leiomioma intrabronquial. Neste caso não pudemos demonstrar a associação com EBV. Nosso relato sugere que tumores de musculatura lisa como leiomioma deveriam ser incluídos no diagnóstico diferencial de massas endobronquiais em pacientes com AIDS.

Spinal epidural abscess due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a patient with AIDS: case report and review of the literature

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare infectious disorder that often has delayed diagnosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. We present a case of an AIDS patient with a SEA due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This type of SEA in AIDS patients is characterized by localized spinal pain and prolonged fever. Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice in the diagnostic process. Early diagnosis, followed by specific therapy (surgical decompression combined with antituberculous drugs), is necessary to improve the prognosis of these kinds of patients.