Résumé
The study was undertaken to evaluate the possible role of Androgen Receptor (AR) in relation to tumor grade, age, sex and urinary bladder cancer risk. Expression of AR detected by immunohistochemistry in 125 Transitional Cell Carcinoma and 100 control cases. Expression of AR was noticed in 28.8% cases. AR increased with increasing tumor grade. Expression of AR was seen to be significantly higher in male in the age group ≥ 50 years (p < 0.05). AR expression was found to be associated significantly with the tumor grades, age and sex suggesting that AR may be used as prognostic markers in the treatment of urinary bladder carcinomas.
Résumé
Aim: This study was designed to enhance the scope of sputum analysis by using it as a clinical tool in gene/protein expression, by making the paraffin embedded blocks. Methodology: The specimens were prepared as smear and cell blocks for cytopathologic examination. The preparation of paraffin-embedded block from sputum samples employs fixation and dehydration of the cell specimens. The sputum specimen is first exposed to a suitable fixating agent, Formalin, and graded acetone was employed to dehydrate the samples and saved as pellet. Paraffin blocks containing embedded pellet were taken out gently from the tube. The solidified paraffin-embedded tissue blocks through this novel approach were found to be easy to process for immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis. Results: Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on paraffin section of sputum block for Cytokeratin (CK) and was found to be easy to process for immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: The sputum block preparation is feasible and non-invasive, can be useful to identify new biomarkers of exposure or susceptibility in patients with lung pathology to enhance the understanding of airways changes due to different etiological factors and may be useful to find new biomarkers in order to assess and monitor early lung damage.