Rapid analysis of risk assessment using developed simulation of chemical industrial accidents software package

The environmental consequences are defined as consequences of accidental release of hazardous substances to the natural environment. This release can lead to many hazards depending on the material stored. The consequences of these hazards to the environment are widespread and have significant importance to human communities living in the surroundings. The mathematical models are extremely useful tools to predict the impacts of chemical process accidents. The objective of this paper is to develop a software package for accident simulation and damage potential estimation. The software is coded in visual basic and is compatible with windows working environments. The software is called Simulation of chemical industrial accident. This application is a comprehensive software package which can be integrated with geographical information system to predict and display the consequence of chemical hazards. The software is a user-friendly and effective tool for evaluating the consequences of major chemical accidents, process decision making for land-use planning, namely locating suitable hazardous installations, hazardous waste disposal areas and emergency response plan

Particulate matter dispersion and haze occurrence potential studies at a local plam oil mill

The emissions from palm oil industry through incineration and open burning are the major sources of air pollutions contribution in Malaysia. The consequence of increasing the particulate concentration, the particulate matter dissolves with vapour and grows into droplets when the humidity exceeds approximately 70% and causing opaque situation known as haze. This work focuses on the dispersion particulate matter from palm oil mill. Gaussian Plume Model from a point source, subject to various atmospheric conditions is used to calculate particulate matter concentration then display the distribution of plume dispersion using geographic information system. Atmospheric Stability, mixing height, wind direction, wind speed, natural and artificial features play an important role in dispersion process. Study on the dispersion of particulate matters and the haze potential are presented as a case study in this paper. The data obtained will be served as the purpose of modeling the transport of particulate matter for obtaining permits and prevention of significant deterioration to the environment

pattern of vibrio El-Tor epidemics in Punjab, Pakistan

An epidemiological study of cholera in Pakistan from the year 1964 to 1979 with special focus on Punjab province was carried out. It was concluded that classic cholera was not endemic in Punjab Pakistan. On the other hand vibrio el-tor introduced into Karachi in July, 1964 spread to various towns connected with Karachi by the highway and rail road entering the Punjab in the same month. A detailed study of Punjab indicated that Lahore, Multan and Sialkot where repeated epidemics occurred during sixteen years constitute the endemic areas. In Lahore the Mohallah wise distribution pin pointed nine endemic areas. More work is required for determining the role of contact carriers in the maintenance of a reservoir of infection