biodegradation of crude oil by bacillus subtilis isolated from contaminated soil in hot weather areas

Using Environmental-friendly methods in order to remove or reduce oil pollutants and their derivations in the environment are developing. In this study, the biodegrading ability of Bacillus Subtilis .sp which has been separated from oil-polluted soil was examined. It was revealed that it can reduce surface tension of growth Medium and produce Bio-Surfactant at 37 and 20 Degrees centigrade. Also, it has the ability to biodegrade oil hydrocarbons. A reduction in surface tension from 58 Nm/m to 31.2 Nm/m at different percentages of crude oil at 37 degrees centigrade is one of the important results

Implementation of green management concepts in sport complexes

Implementation of green management in sport complexes can ensure the continuous arrangement and assessment of activities from the environmental perspective and will end up in control and prevention of contaminants. Enghelab sport complex [ESC] in Iran is selected for this study due to its size and long-term activities. Due to the comprehensive plan of the aforesaid sports complex, numerous centers and departments were established in this site in order to materialize its envisioned sports, recreational and cultural objectives. The results of the questionnaires distributed amongst the members and the personnel of the complex revealed that approximately 50% occupants were not acquainted with green management and only 30% were faintly familiar with it. The personnel's knowledge on green management was much better and about 64% of them were well acquainted with the related issues. Total amount of solid waste produced in the complex is about 547.5 tons/yr. in 2004; constituents are plastic [24.1%], putrescible materials [45.9%], glass [7.6%], paper [19.3%] and metal [3.1%]. According to the economic analysis conducted, the investment required for implementation of all the solid waste separation techniques amounts to us $ 11200. The result of present investigation is indicative of a medium level of optimization for energy and water consumption in ESC and there is a high potential to improve the efficiency of the system

Cleft palate, maxillary oligodontia and croniofacial defects in a sheep [a case report]

A case report of cleft palate with some craniofacial defects in sheep. An approximately 10 months sheep. By anatomical observations of cleaned skull. Cleft palate was observed as an oval hole at the caudal part of the hard palate. Maxillary oligodontia was also observed in both sides of the maxillae. Vomer and some of the facial bones had developedincompletely