Résumé
This paper reports a review into the current state of tobacco use, governance and national commitment for control, and current intervention frameworks in place to reduce the use of tobacco among the populations of the Gulf Cooperation Council [GCC] member states and Yemen. It further reviews structured policy-oriented interventions [in line with the MPOWER package of 6 evidence-based tobacco control measures] that represent government actions to strengthen, implement and manage tobacco control programmes and to address the growing epidemic of tobacco use. Our findings show that tobacco control in the GCC countries has witnessed real progress over the past decades. These are still early days but they indicate steps in the right direction. Future investment in implementation and enforcement of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, production of robust tobacco control legislation and the establishment of universally available tobacco cessation services are essential to sustain and strengthen tobacco control in the GCC region.
Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Arrêt de la consommation de tabacRésumé
Chronic diseases such as diabetes and vascular disease are a major public health problem in Lebanon, where primary care is not well developed. This study aimed to describe the incidence and indications for limb amputation in Lebanon and identify associated factors [age, sex, level of surgery, length of hospital stay]. There were 1.6 amputations per 10 000 persons. The rate of amputation was highest in southern Lebanon at 3.8 per 10 000. The most important indication for surgery was diabetes [59%]. Diabetic patients were older [mean age 73 years versus 30 years], more likely to have major surgery [OR = 7.87; 95% CI: 2.83-21.9] and stay in hospital longer [RR = 4.56, 95% CI: 2.41-8.64] than patients with trauma-related amputation. Diabetes prevention, detection and management should be prioritized in any attempt to reduce the current incidence of amputation in Lebanon