[ survey of occlusion and oro-jaw-facial cephalogmetric Indices in 6-12 year old children with adenoid enlagement]

Enlargement of Adenoid is one of the most common disorders in childhood affecting different aspects of oral and dental health and quality of life. As a result of frequent respiratory infections, allergy, nasal septum deviation and choronic sinusitis due to adenoid enlargement, facial height, gonial angle, overjet and overbite undergo changes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of adenoid enlargement on oro-jaw-facial cephalometric Indices and occlusion. In this cross-sectional analytical study, 96 children [6-12 years old] with adenoid enlargement [case group] and 96 children with normal size adenoid [control group] were randomly selected among patients referring to Khorasgan dental school and ENT clinics and different hospitals in Isfahan. Variables of overjet, overbite, open bite, mouth breathing, lip incompetency, gingivitis, SNA, SNB, ANB, gonial angles and facial height in two groups were evaluated. The data were analysed by chi-square and t-tests using SPSS version 9 software. The differences in anterior facial height, anterior/posterior facial height, gonial angle, SNB, overjet, snoring, mouth breathing, gingivitis and posterior crossbite between case and control groups were significant [P<0.05]. Adenoid enlargement induces some oromaxillofacial changes which inturn affect the region functionally and esthetically. The severity of these changes depends on the level of adenoid enlargement, time length of changes and induced mouth breathing duration versus normal growth and development maintenance mechanisms as well as the practitioner's interventional strategies

Effect of fluoride mouthrinse and toothpaste on number of streptococcal colony forming units of dental plaque

Frequent topical fluoride therapy through toothpaste, mouthrinse, professional gels and solutions causes decrease in incidence, pause and repair of dental caries in the enamel. These mechanisms are done through penetration of fluoride ions [F-] and their replacement with hydroxyl ions [OH-] of hydroxyappatite of enamel, interfere with microbial metabolism of dental plaque and bacteriostatic effect on some cariogenic bacterial strains such as streptococci. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fluoride mouthrinse and toothpaste on the number of streptococcal colony forming units of dental plaque. 62 children with 6-7 years old were put in two groups. Samples of dental plaque from each group were collected both before and after use of the fluoride mouthrinse and or toothpaste. The samples were cultured on blood agar to find the number of streptococcal colony forming units [CFU]. The mean colony forming unit was compared inter and intra groups before and after application of Fluoride products. The streptococcal CFU of dental plaque before and after use of the mouthrinse and toothpaste respectively was [1240 +/- 1367, 1253 +/- 1341.5] and [551 +/- 716, 898 +/- 1151]. Statistically, the streptococcal CFU in each group before and after use of the toothpaste and mouthrinse was significantly different. The findings of this study indicated that the fluoride toothpaste and mouthrinse reduce number of streptococcal colony forming units of dental plaque. Also this reduction was not depended on level of [F-] Ions, sort of vehicle of fluoride and frequent application of the fluoride mouthrinse and toothpaste