Prostatic surgery in cardiac patients

We wish to emphasize that old and debilitated prostatic patients with complicating cardiocirculatory pathology should not be doomed to a catheter life and thus deprived of the advantages of recent advances made in medicine and surgery. With thorough evaluation of the cardiac status, an adequate preoperative cardiac preparation and the employment of edoscopic prostatic surgery, it is now possible to make the remaining days of these erstwhile unfortunate patients, not only longer, but also happier. (Summary and conclusion)

Correction of mitral regurgitation by leaflet advancement

The successful correction of massive mitral regurgitation by leaflet advancement in a 31 year old female from Manila has been reported. Cardiac catheterization and angiocardiographic studies are indicated in patients with significant or progressive disability. Properly selected patients should be afforded the opportunity of surgical correction. The type of procedure applicable to correction of mitral regurgitation depends upon the pathology. (Summary)

Clinical approach to hypertension

Hypertension in itself is just an expression of some underlying condition like renal pathology, congenital abnormalities or endocrine disturbances. Two types of hypertension, systolic and diastolic, are differentiated. Taking the latter as the more important of the two, the authors have considered it more thoroughly. The pathogenesis and a composite mechanism in the rise of blood pressure is presented in this paper. Following the principle in therapeutics - to treat the cause and cure the patient - a suggested procedure of hypertensive work-up is mentioned with a suggested antihypertensive regimen for each hypertensive condition of different severity. (Summary)

Cardiovascular disease incidence in some asian-pacific countries

A cooperative survey of general hospitals in Australia, India and the Philippines during 1954-1956 showed that the cardiovascular incidence and distribution pattern in the Philippines was intermediate between those of Australia and India in a similar manner as the Philippines is, culturally speaking, intermediate between the two. However, no good correlation was observed between the cardiovascular incidence of hypertensive and arteriosclerotic heart diseases with the reported values of serum cholesterol and dietary fats in these countries. (Summary and Conclusions)

CSF cytokines, nitric oxide and prostaglandins in diagnosis and pathophysiology of childhood CNS leukemia and lymphoma

To clarify the role of cytokines, nitric oxide [NO] and prostaglandin- E2 [PG-E2] in diagnosis and pathogenesis of infiltration of central nervous system [CNS] in cases with leukemia and lymphoma, the levels of these indices in the cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] of those children were determined. Their levels were correlated with other laboratory studies of CSF and clinical criteria. This study included twenty- seven children with acute leukemia [twenty with acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL] and seven with acute myeloid leukemia [AML]] and fifteen with non- Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL]. Clinical evidence of CNS involvement was present in seventeen patients with acute leukemia and seven cases with NHL. The study revealed significantly elevated levels of two types of cytokines [TNF-alpha, IL-6] NO and PG-E2 in CSF of children with acute leukemias and lymphoma compared with control group [children with tension headache or meningism]

Parasitic infection among children living in two orphanages in Cairo

Children living in institutions as orphanages are more exposed to intestinal parasitism, since crowding and behavioral pattern contribute greatly to the spread of parasitic infection. The present study was conducted on 100 children living in Ain-Shams and El-Mowassa orphanages, Cairo. Twenty children living under appropriate health conditions were studied as controls. Ages of both groups ranged from 6 to 12 years. The results of this study revealed that 69/100 [69%] orphanage children were positive for parasitic infection, while 8/20 [40%] control subjects were positive for parasitic infection, the difference was statistically significant. Enterobius vermicularis was the commonest parasite among both groups. Other parasitic infections detected were Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Hymenolepis nana and Entamoeba coli with a prevalence of 10%, 9%, 2% and 9%, respectively, in the study group compared with 15%, 10%, 0% and 5% in the control group. The differences were statistically not significant. Cryptosporidium oocysts were not detected in both groups

Ultrasonography in obstructive uropathy in infants

The study included 18 male patients aged 2mg. to 2 years, presented by vomiting, dehydration, abdominal distention, oliguria or even anuria. Rehydration by I.V. fluids and symptomatic treatment of vomiting and abdominal distension have improved the general condition of the patients but not the urine outflow. Blood urea and serum creatinine were elevated. Plain X-ray on the abdomen and IVU were done for all patients but were inconclusive. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed bilateral pelviureteric obstruction by radiolucent stones in 8 cases, bilateral ureteric dilatation without evident cause of obstruction in 2 cases, bladder outflow obstruction due to posterior uretheral valve in 6 cases and bladder neck obstruction in 2 cases Blood urea, serum creatinine and dilatation of the collecting system returned to normal within 4-10 days and 10-15 days respectively in 10 cases. While in8 cases improvement of such parameters occurred but not return to normal. Reduction of the thickness of renal cortex as well as focal increase in renal cortical echogenicity due to renal scarring was observed in this later group of patients by follow-up abdominal ultrasonography

A study of etiological factors of nocturnal enuresis

Primary nocturnal enuresis represented 62.9% of the cases [males 60.7%,females 39.3%]. Most of them were from big families [70.2%] and low socioeconomic levels [73.8%]. Maximum functional bladder capacity was estimated for patients and controls. Those with primary nocturnal enuresis showed a sig. Smaller [P 0.005] maximum functional bladder capacity than controls, while patients with secondary nocturnal enuresis showed no sig. difference from controls. Urodynamic studies were done for 10 cases presented with primary nocturnal enuresis and recurrent urinary tract infection. It revealed a hyperreflexic bladder in 8 cases which increases the intravesical pressure and impair renal and ureteral drainage leading to recurrent attacks of urinary tract infection. They showed favourable response after 2 weeks treatment with an anticholinergic drug [propantheline bromide] following treatment of urinary tract infection