Effectiveness of William’s Flexion Exercises on Non-Specific Low Back Pain Among Nurses

Background: Spinal Cord Injury is one of the severe injuries results in loss of sensory and motor function below the level of injury which deteriorates the quality of life. The bio-psycho-social model also emphasizes on the improving the quality of life than enhancing the physical function as the primary goals of SCI rehabilitation. Many authors have reported that there is significant positive effect on activities of daily living. Therefore, improving the quality of life in individuals with SCI. Aim: To study the Relationship between Functional Status and Quality of Life in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury. Methodology: Ten subjects were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. WHOQOL-BREF and SCIM was administered at 3rd, 6th and 9th month of injury to assess the Quality of life and Functional Status of the individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. Result: There was significant correlation between SCIM Vs Psychological domain (r=-0.66, p= 0.03*) at 3rd month, SCIM Vs Social domain (r= 0.57, p= 0.08*) at 3rd month, SCIM Vs Environmental domain (r= 0.57, p= 0.07*) at 9th month post injury. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a positive association between the functional status and quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury at 3, 6 and 9 months of injury.

Deceptive brown adipose tissue / Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies

@#A 23-year-old female presented with headache, palpitation, and hypertensive spells. There was no similar family history. Twenty-four (24) hour urine testing showed elevated normetanephrine level with normal metanephrines [metanephrines 123 mcg/24 hrs (74-297); normetanephrines 5321.16 mcg/24 hrs (73-808)]. A biochemical diagnosis of normetanephrine-secreting pheochromocytoma was made. Considering the age and urine reports, a functional scan was ordered. Imaging with 18-FDG PET CT was done which showed uptake indicative of a large left adrenal mass, as well as uptake in the mediastinal, abdominopelvic, lymph nodes and metabolically active mesenteric, peritoneal and omental thickness. This suggested a left adrenal pheochromocytoma with the possibility of an associated lymphoproliferative disorder or active lesions in brown fat. To describe these extra-adrenal lesions, a Ga-68 This work DOTANOC PET CT was obtained which showed a diffuse somatostatin receptor-expressing large soft tissue mass lesion in the left adrenal likely to be pheochromocytoma without any other lesion elsewhere in the whole body survey. This depicts the confusion created by the metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the FDG PET scan. Brown fat is involved in non-shivering thermogenesis and is typically located in the cervical, supraclavicular, mediastinal, and abdominal regions. High uptake in the BAT can make interpretation of the FDG PET report difficult and misleading. Some precautions like avoidance of cold and beta blockers can minimize BAT uptake in FDGPET scans.

Geospatial Land Evaluation of Medinapur Sub-watershed for Crop Suitability and Sustainable Crop Plan

A study was conducted to reveal the land capability and its suitability to crops in the semi-arid region of North-Eastern Karnataka state, India. Alternate crop plan was proposed with suitable interventions at soil phase level, based on the prevailing climatic regimes and soil-land limitations. Cadastral parcels of Medinapur sub-watershed overlaid on IRS-P6 LISS-IV merged Cartosat-1 satellite imagery was used for interpreting soil units. Soil profiles and morphological studies were made to classify entire sub-watershed (covering 4890.46 ha) into ten soil series and these soil series, further classified into 23 soil phase/management units. The results revealed that major area of 1163 ha (23.79%) covers the soil phase unit “KMLmC2” with deep (100-150 cm) clay textured, gently sloping (3-5 %) and moderately eroded (e2) lands. Two land capability classes (IIIes and IVes) were found in the study area with topography, soil erosion, texture, drainage and soil fertility as major limitation factors. Red gram (59.64%) and Sorghum (18.86%) covering maximum area in the sub watershed were assessed for crop suitability to land. To estimate the significance of crop suitability criteria to land, linear regression analysis was performed with assigned rank values of independent variables. Suitability of these crops was found that the 77.84 % of land was moderately suitable (S2) to redgram with limitations of rooting condition, erosion and topography, only depth showed significant contribution to redgram suitability with R2 = 0.744. Sorghum was highly suitable (S1) to 21.12 % of land and soil depth and pH were significantly contributing to suitability of sorghum with R2 = 0.746. The estimation of criteria for land suitability to Sorghum and Redgram was significant at 5 per cent level. In common soil depth resulted as major contributing factor in deciding land suitability to crops.

Vulnerability of Farmers to Climate Change in Central Dry Zone of Karnataka

Changing climatic parameters will have a huge effect on life and nature. Climate change will be best viewed through the increase in temperature, melting of ice and rapid rise in sea level. Such changes causes severe problems to human beings and other forms of life. Vulnerability to climate change is intimately related to poverty, as the poor are least able to respond to climatic stimuli. Further, certain regions of the world are more harshly affected by the effects of climate change than others. With this background the present study was carried out know the vulnerability of farmers to climate change in the Central Dry Zone of Karnataka with exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity as the dimensions. The study was conducted in the Central Dry Zone (Zone - IV) of Karnataka, India. Tiptur and Chiknayakanahalli taluks from Tumakuru district, Kadur from Chikmagalore district, Arsikere from Hassan district and Challakere from Chitradurga district were selected purposively for the study. The data was collected from 150 respondents. To exposure of farmers to climate change, rainfall and temperature were selected and the majority of farmers were severely exposed (0.822) and sensitive (0.894) to climate change with lower adaptive capacity (0.576) between the year 2013-2017. It shows that, 0.186, 0.226, 0.224, 0.220 and 0.241 was the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) of Arsikere, Kadur, Tiptur, Chiknayakanahalli and Challakere taluk, respectively. The overall CVI value of all taluks was 0.218. As per the result, all taluks were severely vulnerable to climate change.

Ultrasound Guided Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block Using Either Bupivacaine Or Bupivacaine With Dexmedetomidine For Postoperative Analgesia In Patients With Femur Fractures.

Background: Femur fractures are extremely painful due to the lowest pain threshold of the periosteum among the deep somatic structures. Perioperative Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block (FICB), when administered using a local anesthetic agent, bupivacaine, can reduce morbidity by providing satisfactory pain relief. Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, is known to prolong the local anesthetic effects without causing any significant side effects. We compared analgesic duration of ultrasound guided FICB with bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine for postoperative analgesia. A prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted on 50 patientsMaterials And Method: aged 18 to 65 years undergoing femur fracture surgeries. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 25 each. Both groups received USG guided FICB. Group A received 28 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and 2 ml normal saline (NS). Group B received 28 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and 30 mcg dexmedetomidine in NS. Pain scores were assessed every 5 minutes until 15 minutes post FICB, during positioning for subarachnoid block and every 2 hours until 24 hours post-operatively. Total duration of analgesia, cumulative analgesia requested in 24 hours, Ramsay sedation and patient satisfaction scores were recorded. Results: The mean duration of analgesia in Group A was 419.4 ± 115.35 minutes (95%CI: 374.2 – 464.6) and in Group B was 656.6 ± 137.99 minutes (95%CI: 602.5 –710.7), p <0.001. Mean VAS score during positioning for SAB in Group A was 1.60 ± 0.50 and in Group B was 0.96 ± 0.68. USG guided FICB with dexmedetomidine is superior inConclusion: providing prolonged post-operative analgesia in comparison to bupivacaine alone

Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry of Leaves of Tephrosia uniflora

The need for and significance of pharmacognostic analysis of leaf extracts of Tephrosia uniflora are discussed in the current research. The various extracts like petroleum ether, chloroform, alcohol, and aqueous leaf extracts of T. uniflora were prepared and studied for their organoleptic characteristics, macroscopic, powder microscopic, physicochemical analysis, phytochemical analysis, and fluorescence analysis of T. uniflora. The physicochemical evaluation shows that loss on drying was found to be 0.14% w/w, total ash value was 6.94% w/w, acid insoluble ash value was 3.16%w/w, and the extractive value of petroleum ether extract was 3.2% w/w. Chloroform extracts were found to be 3.9% w/alcohol extracts was found to be 4% w/aqueous extracts were found to be 4.8% w/Phytochemical analysis shows the presence of carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. These are just a few of the parameters that need to be evaluated for a pharmacognostic study of T. uniflora.

Effect of Nano Nitrogen and Nano Zinc on Growth and Yield of Paddy in Paddy-Paddy Cropping System

An investigation on nano nitrogen and nano zinc with different levels of nitrogen approaches on growth and yield of paddy was conducted during rabi and kharif seasons of 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Krishi Vigyana Kendra, Gangavathi, Koppal, Karnataka, India. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with three replications, which consisted of four levels of nitrogen in main plots, three levels of nano nitrogen in sub plots and two levels of nano zinc in sub-sub plots. The treatment with application of 125 per cent Recommended Dose of Nitrogen (RDN) has recorded significantly taller plants (97.11 and 96.54 cm), higher number of tillers hill-1 (19.65 and18.14) and total dry matter (70.06 and 64.54 g hill-1) at harvest stage of crop and the Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) values (46.69 and 42.60) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values (0.85 and 0.82) at flowering stage of crop, Similarly, foliar spray of nitrogen @ 4000 ppm has recorded significantly higher plant height (95.44 and 91.33 cm), higher number of tillers hill-1 (17.75 and 16.01), total dry matter (66.84 and 62.31 g hill-1) SPAD values at flowering stage (44.89 and 41.29), NDVI values at flowering stage (0.81 and 0.74), grain yield (5623 & and 6840 kg ha-1) and straw yield (5352 and 6581 kg ha-1). Interaction effect showed non-significant effect with different combination treatments.

Renal biopsy - indication and its implications in management of children admitted at a tertiary care hospital, Mangalore

Background: Percutaneous renal biopsy is an established diagnostic tool for identification of renal pathology required for diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication. The present study was conducted to know the common indications and histopathological findings of renal biopsy, impact of biopsy report on treatment, and complications of procedure.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the paediatric ward of a tertiary care level hospital. Indications of renal biopsy as suggested by medical records were noted down. Any treatment changes happened after final histopathological report were recorded. Statistical analysis was made using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM, NY).Results: The mean age of patients at which biopsy was done was 9.83±5.31 years. Most common indications of renal biopsy were nephritic onset nephrotic syndrome (34.8%), steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (21.7%), steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome requiring calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) (17.4%), lupus nephritis (8.7%), nephrotic syndrome with later age of onset (8.7%), acute kidney injury (AKI) stage 3 (4.3%) and for evidence of calcineurin inhibitor toxicity (4.3%). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (26.1%), minimal change disease (21.7%) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephrosis (17.4%) were the most common histopathological findings.Conclusions: This study reiterates the fact that renal biopsy is one of the decisive and diagnostic procedures and has good prognostic value in further management of medical renal disease.

Clinical Profile and Short-Term Outcome of Children with Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the First and Second Waves of the Pandemic

Objectives To compare the clinical profle and short-term outcome of children admitted with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection during the frst and second waves of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Methods This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care setting. A retrospective medical record review of all pediatric patients admitted with confrmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and September 2021 was conducted. Patients’ demographic data, pre-existing comorbidities, mode of presentation, and clinical course in the hospital were noted. The outcome measures were in-hospital mortality, need for intensive care, and invasive mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU, and hospital stay. Results One thousand and twenty-four children were recruited, 592 of the frst wave and 432 of the second wave. In the second wave, more children were admitted with respiratory distress (OR=3.38) and neurological manifestations (OR=4.61). There was a higher requirement of intensive care (OR=4.2) and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR=4.17). In-hospital mortality of the second wave was also increased (1.4% vs. 0.1%), but the diference was not statistically signifcant. Children with neurological comorbidities (OR=8.73), malnutrition (OR=3.01), and preterm babies (OR=6.8) were associated with severe COVID. Conclusion The clinical profle of the second wave of COVID-19 in children was diferent from the frst wave, with more respiratory distress and neurological manifestations at presentation. In the second wave, a signifcant increase in the incidence of severe infections requiring ICU care was observed.

Automatic segmentation and quantified analysis of meibomian glands from infrared images

Purpose: An algorithm for automated segmentation of meibomian glands from infrared images obtained using a novel prototype infrared hand?held imager has been proposed in this study. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is quantified in terms of five clinically relevant metrics. A comparison of these metrics in patients with MGD has been presented against a sample of the normative healthy population. Methods: This is a prospective cross?sectional observational study. Patients presenting to the clinics were enrolled after written informed consent. The everted eyelids of 200 eyes of patients (of which 100 were healthy and 100 were diagnosed with MGD) were imaged using a prototype hand?held camera. The proposed algorithm was used to process the images using enhancement techniques and the glands were automatically segmented. A comparison of glands of normal eyes versus MGD?affected eyes is performed using five metrics presented in this study: (i) drop?out, (ii) length, (iii) width, (iv) the number of glands, and (v) the number of tortuous glands. Results: The 95% confidence interval for the metrics did not show any overlap between the two groups. In MGD patients, the drop?out ratio was higher than normal. The length and number of glands were significantly lesser than normal. A number of tortuous glands were more in the MGD group. The metrics for MGD versus healthy and cut?off ranges were computed in the results. Conclusion: The prototype infrared hand?held meibographer and the proposed automatic algorithm for gland segmentation and quantification are effective aids in MGD diagnosis. We present a set of five metrics, which are clinically relevant for guiding clinicians in the diagnosis of MGD

THE IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF TRATAKA ON EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS AMONG ADULTS

Background: There is evidence to suggest that lack of physical activity, a common experience among adults, can negatively impact executive functions such as attention, memory, and decision making. Trataka can improve eye deformity, executive ability, willpower, and relaxation. Trataka may also have a protective effect on the brain, reducing inflammation and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. The immediate effect of Trataka on executive Aim of the study: Material & methods: function among adults. Forthy healthy Adults to observe the immediate effects of thirty minute trataka regimen for one day. Participants were recruited through convenient sampling and were between the ages of 18-40. The study used a single group pre-post design. After single trataka session Results: showed that 11.59% significant increase (P< 0.05) in total attempted score on DLST. Similarly, there was 11.48% significant increase (P = 0.05). and there was 16.6% increase in (P> 0.05) in wrong attempt scores. After single trataka session it showed that 22.48% significant increase (P< 0.01) in total attempted score on SLCT. Similarly, there was 22.71% significant increase (P = 0.01) in NS. However, there was 70.58% reduction in wrong attempt score which was highly significant (P = 0.001). the available evi Conclusion: dence suggests that the practice of single session trataka has a positive on executive function among adults.

MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF EXPLANT CULTURES FROM INFECTED AND NON–INFECTED SURGICAL PATIENTS AND CORRELATION WITH SURGICAL SITE INFECTION

INTRODUCTION Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the terrifying nosocomial infections that affecting surgical patients and cause a compromise to the quality of health care provided in the hospital. Nearly 5% of people who undergo surgeries might develop SSI, which can have serious consequences and even be deadly. To identify the microbiological profile of explant AIM: culture from suture materials and its correlation in development of SSI in the same patient. Infected and non-infected METHODOLOGY: suture materials that were removed aseptically from the patients were collected and transported to the Microbiology laboratory in sterile BHI broth.With the isolated colonies obtained. Identification was performed by standard microbiological technique and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done. The culture reports of the swab collected from the pus/ exudate from the surgical site and the suture were compared. This was a prospective cross sectional study for a duration of 6 months. A sum of 190 isolates RESULTS: were obtained from 182 suture samples. 156(86%) suture materials had growth [monomicrobial (70%) polymicrobial growth (16%)] while 26(14%) had no growth. 7 different suture materials were employed in this study. Isolated organisms were gram positive bacilli (n=20), gram positive cocci (n=82), gram negative bacilli (n=87) and fungi (n=1). Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=19) and CONS (n=71) were commonly isolated gram negative organisms. The least common organism grown colonizing the suture material was Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter species, Candida species, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus species (n=1, 0.5%). Isolates like Escherichia coli (n=5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=2) and Acinetobacter species, Staphylococcus aureus (n=1) were found to have multiple drug resistance in the suture thread culture. SSI was seen eight cases (4.3%) and in two of them, the microorganism isolated from the surgical site and suture material was identical. Out of 190 isolates in this study, 96 DISCUSSION isolates (CONS-71, Streptococcus-4, Diphtheriods-2, Aerobic spore bearers-18, Candida-1) were members of normal flora of the skin which shows 50.5% of the suture materials were colonized by normal flora. The current study shows that ability of bacteria to adhere varies between different suture materials. Overall, the adhesion of bacteria to 3-0 Ethilon (10.4%) was found to be lower compared to 3-0 vicryl No 1,3 Prolene, 2-0 Ethilon and Silk. Suture thread must be taken out as soon as possible since opportunistic infections could result from the skin's regular flora.

Metabolic Bone Disease in Children With Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia

Objective: This study aimed to detect metabolic bone disease and endocrinopathies in a cohort of patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). Methods: This prospective study was conducted between March 2020 - August 2021. Children with TDT older than 5 years, receiving regular blood transfusion, underwent comprehensive endocrine and metabolic bone disease evaluation, which included screening for short stature, delayed puberty, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency and hypoparathyroidism. Children older than 10 years also underwent. X-ray of thoracolumbar spine, and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning. Results: Out of 37 patients (19 males), with mean (SD) age 15 (6) years, hypogonadism was the commonest endocrine deficiency seen in 15 (62%), followed by short stature, abnormal glucose metabolism, subclinical adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and hypoparathyroidism. Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was seen in 12 (60%) and hypocalcemia in 2 patients. Low bone mass was seen in 8, and osteoporosis, as evidenced by vertebral fractures, in 4 patients. Of the four patients with vertebral fracture, three were aged ?18 years, one was symptomatic, two each had grade 1 and grade 2 fractures, one had multiple vertebral fractures, and all four had hypogonadism and multiple endocrine deficiencies. Conclusion: Vertebral fractures occur even in the second decade among patients with TDT, and are often associated with endocrinopathies, most commonly hypogonadism. Early screening and prevention of vertebral fractures is necessary.

Glandular Odontogenic Cyst Mimicking Dentigerous Cyst: A Rare Case Report

Background: Glandular odontogenic cyst is an uncommon developmental cyst of odontogenic origin. Till now, around 200 cases have been reported in the English literature, out of which approximately 25 of them are associated with an unerupted tooth. Herein we present a case report of a 7-year-old boy with swelling in the anterior maxillary region which was later diag- nosed as a Glandular odontogenic cyst that mimicked a Dentigerous cyst. Case presentation: A painless swelling was noted in the anterior palatal region. Orthopantamogram was advised which re- vealed a unilocular radiolucency associated with an impacted supernumerary tooth. Provisional diagnosis of Dentigerous cyst was made. The cyst was enucleated in conjunction with peripheral osteotomy. The histopathological examination revealed a cystic capsule with non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with 2-4 cell layer thickness, with some areas showing epithelial plaque, microcysts, hobnail cells and few clear cells. Contemplating all the histological features, final diagnosis of Glandular odontogenic cyst was given. Conclusions: The presented case emphasizes the importance of histopathological examination of the unusual and rarely ob- served Glandular odontogenic cyst which can be missed due to similarities with other entities. Recurrence rates being very high, follow up of the cases is imperative.

An Attempt to Decode Female Sexuality in the Heritage of Kamashastra Through Ayurveda - A Mystery

Ayurveda being a most ancient system of medicine has given a proper deserving position to women that is Stree, defining her as Apathyanam Moolam (the root cause of progeny). In Synch with this Kamashastra has portrayed women with esteem. Thus, stating the importance of female’s reproductive role in procreating and sustenance of human rays. Female sexual identity and conduct, as well as the physiological, psychological, social, cultural, political, and spiritual or religious components of sexual activity, all fall under the umbrella of human female sexuality, which covers a wide range of behavior activities. This sexuality is encountered and revealed through thoughts, desire, belief, fantasy, and relationship. The pursuit of sexual pleasure is a key motivating factor in sexual activity. Classical texts of Kamashastra have captured this sexual pleasure and portrayed them with impeccable accuracy in both genders providing an ample sexual motivation for sexual activity. This sexual activity is considered to attain fruition when the partner reaches the epitome of orgasm, among these partners we have given more importance to the female as she is a being of multiple sexual orgasms. Hence the main aim of this article is to understand and analyze the female sexual orgasm, and different approaches to attain it. Thus, an attempt is made to decode the mystery of female sexuality in the heritage of Kamasutra through Ayurveda.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF YOGA MODULE FOR OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA

Background: Sleep is an essential component of human life because it provides for relaxation and recovery from the stresses of everyday living. Reduced sleep quantity or quality leads to sleep deprivation which may offer indirect dangers by affecting cognitive and physical performance and raising the chance of motor vehicle and occupational accidents. Insomnia chronic sleep debt snoring sleep apnea circadian rhythm disturbances (including shift work syndrome) RLS parasomnias and uncommon diseases such as narcolepsy are the most common sleep disorders found in sleep clinics according to experts. Obstructive Sleep apnea is a common disorder in which your breathing stops and starts periodically while you sleep. To determine the design and validation of an Integrated Yoga Module (IYM) for OSA patients. The ?rst phase - IYM for OSA - was created based on a survey of classic books and Materials and Procedures: recently available research studies. The designed IYM was validated by 20 subject matter (yoga) experts in the second phase. Lawshe's formula was used to calculate the content-validity ratio (CVR). Yoga practices were created for the OSA Results: Integrated Yoga Module. The ?nal Integrated Yoga Module featured yoga practises with CVR ?0.5 that were assessed by 20 yoga experts and agreed in faculty group discussion. The yoga practices were designed and validated for IYM for Conclusion: OSA. By applying Lawshe's content validity criteria 20 yoga professionals veri?ed the IYM design.

Comparison of efficacy and safety of vildagliptin 50 mg tablet twice daily and vildagliptin 100 mg sustained release once daily tablet on top of metformin in Indian patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, open label, Phase IV parallel group, clinical trial

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is mainly due to multifactorial of which insulin resistance and deficiency in the incretion are two important pathophysiological factors. Vildagliptin, an oral hypoglycemic agent, acts by inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme, often uses as a first line drug along with metformin to enhance outcome. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of vildagliptin 50 mg twice daily dose with vildagliptin 100 mg sustained release tablet (SR) once daily in Type 2 DM patients and uncontrolled with metformin monotherapy. Materials and Methods: Adult patients with Type 2 DM fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomized in two groups. Group 1 patient received metformin 1000 mg/day in two divided dose and tablet vildagliptin 50 mg 2 times daily, while Group 2 patients received metformin 1000 mg/day in two divided dose along with vildagliptin 100 mg SR once daily. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), were measured at baseline, on week 4, week 8, and week 12 visits. Liver function test (SGOT), SGPT, Serum Bilirubin), kidney function test electrolytes, serum urea, serum creatinine), and body weight also measured in first visit and in 12th week. Results: HbA1C, FPG, and PPPG all three decreased equally at 12 week from their respective baseline values (P < 0.05) in both groups. There is no statistically significant alteration of liver enzymes and in serum bilirubin level from baseline to 12th week in both groups. Conclusion: Vildagliptin 100 mg SR once daily dose is equally effective and safe as 50 mg twice daily dose in terms of reducing HbA1C, FPG, and PPPG when it is used along with metformin 1000 mg.

Ischemic Stroke of Brain Management Approach Through Ayurveda - A Single Case Study

Stroke is one among such diseases which needs immediate care and attention as it causes death and disabilities in the person, hence considered as a major burden in developing countries like India. The estimated adjusted prevalence rate of stroke in India ranges from 84-262/1,00,000 in rural and 334-424/1,00,000 in urban areas. The incidence rate is 119-145/1,00,000 based on the recent population-based study. The nearest clinical entity for stroke is Pakshaghata. Methodology: A 51yrs old male patient who is a known case of DM since 6years under regular medication approached to OPD of SKAMCH & RC Bangalore, with a Lakshana of loss of function, sensation, speech etc where mainly right half of the body was affected. Based on the clinical presentation and Ayurvedic parameters, the condition was diagnosed as Pakshaghata with special reference to ischemic stroke with possible multiple lacunar infarcts and Chikitsa was adopted keeping Dhatukshayajanya pathology as base. The treatment such as Sarvanga Abhyanga, Sarvanga Nadi swda, Sarvanga shashtika shali pinda sweda and Basti with oral medications like Suvarna sameerapannaga rasa, Vidaryadi Kashaya, ashtavarga Kashaya, balarishta and Cap. Palsineuron were prescribed. Result: There were drastic improvements seen in the Lakshanas. Overall fruitful result was achieved even follow up were maintained. Discussion: This article is a discussion about a case of ischemic stroke of brain which was successfully treated with Ayurvedic approach. The disease Pakshaghata with its Lakshanas, Nidana, Samprapti, Sampraptivighatana of Chikitsa given, along with the approach to conclude its possible modern co-relation as Ischemic stroke of brain were the main points Sampraptivighatana, chikitsa given, consideration. Conclusion: The above-described sets of Panchakarma treatment along with Shamanoushadhi has shown significant result clinically with speedy recovery within a month in the patient in the present study.

A study to correlate serum pseudocholinesterase and serum creatine phosphokinase levels in acute organophosphorus poisoning with respect to Peradeniyaorganophosphorus poisoning scale

Background: Organophosphorus insecticides are one of the most common causes of poisoning in India. It has a high mortality rate and accounts for a third of suicidal deaths in south-east Asia.Methods: The objectives were to estimate serum pseudocholinesterase and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels in organophosphorus poisoning and correlate them with theseverity and prognosis described by the Peradeniya organophosphorus poisoning (POP) scale at initial presentation.This was a cross-sectional study conducted over 18 months. A total of 180 organophosphorus-poisoning subjects were divided into mild, moderate and severe grades based on POP scale at admission. Serum pseudocholinesterase and CPK levels were estimated at admission. The outcome was noted, and the results were statistically analysed.Results:It was found that 112 (62.2%), 51 (28.3%) and 17 (9.4%) patients had mild, moderate and severe poisoning, respectively, according to POP scale. Mean pseudocholinesterase level (units/litre) was 2393.29, 1104.37 and 638.18 and mean serum CPK level (units/litre) was 153.41,344.94 and 280.53 in mild, moderate and severe poisoning, respectively. ICU and ventilator were required for 84 (46.75%) and 72 (40%) patients, respectively. Mortality was 17.8%. Negative, weak and significant correlation was seen between POP score and pseudocholinesterase (r=-0.265, p=0.00). Positive, moderate and significant correlation was seen between POP score and CPK levels (r=0.449, p=0.00).Conclusions: POP scale applied at admission along with serum pseudocholinesterase and CPK levels serve as a simple and effective system to determine early need for ventilation and mortality in rural, peripheral centres in developing nations.

Effect of Mind Sound Resonance Technique (MSRT) on Fatigue level among Type 2 Diabetics

Background: Fatigue represents a common complaint of patients with diabetes as it can be reported in up to 60% of patients, prominent in patients with type 2 diabetes. It is a major health problem, affects approximately 6% of the world's adult population, and is increasing in epidemic proportions. Evidence suggests that MSRT a yoga-based relaxation techniques significantly reduces anxiety, stress, fatigue and psychological distress. The aim of the study wasObjective: to study the effect of MSRT on fatigue levels among type-2 diabetes patients. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study with a pre-post design on 100 type-2 diabetes patients, were taught MSRT. Assessment were carried out on the 1 and 30 day of the program, using FSS, VAFS. Results: Significant reduction in fatigue levels in both FSS and VAFS respectively (p<0.00). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that MSRT practice is an effective, economical and noninvasive method to combat fatigue in diabetes patients.