Evaluation study of tuberculosis risk in patients with end stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis

Because of Immunity defect patients with end stage renal disease [ESRD] are at increased risk of developing infections, tuberculosis [TB] in particular. The incidence of TB is higher in dialysis patients than in general population, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevelance of TB among ESRD patients undergoing haemodialysis and to assess its risk factors and clinical features. The present study controlled 203 patient: on haemodialysis. They were subjected to history taking clinical examination chest x-ray routine laboratory investigations, mycobacteriological examination, BACTEC culture, PCR for a valuable samples. The results showed that the prevalence of tuberculosis in patients undergoing haemodialysis was 10.96%. Total tuberculin positivity was detected in [13.6%] with [75.1%] positive in tuberculous cases versus [7.2%] in non tuberculous patients. This difference was statistically significant [P < 0.05]. The sensitivity and specificity of tuberculin test was [75.12%], [78%] respectively, while for ZN stain it was [85.7%], [100%] respectively, anti for PCR it was [95.24%]. [96%] respectively Diabetus mellitus as found to be the aetiology of renal failure in patients who developed tuberculosis in [47.69%], Hepatitis B was found in [28.56%], and hepatitis C in 42.86%. TB screening of patient population's undergoing dialysis is advisable. The ESRD population has an increased risk of TB with a greater frequency of extrapulmonary presentations and fever. Enhanced a awareness of TB in the ESRD population, early diagnosis and treatment are very important in order to improve the outcomes

Evaluation of a rapid assay for detection of rifampicin resistance in my cobacterium tuberculosis; a microbiological, clinical and epidemiological study

The aim of the present study was to portray the clinical and epidemiological features of mycobacterium tuberculosis [MDR-TB] patients and to determine the ability of a commercial kit [fast plaque TB-RifTM test] to correctly identify, within 48 hours, rifampicin susceptibility on the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultured on solid media and compare it with a conventional method of susceptibility testing. Sputum specimens were collected from hospitalized patients with known or suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. They were examined microscopically after Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Specimens that were 1+ smear +ve were inoculated on LJ medium and incubated for eight weeks. Forty-five cultures were tested for rifampicin susceptibility, employing both the proportion and the fast plaque TB-RifTM test. The study concluded that fast plaque TB-RifTM test offers a performance comparable with the standard conventional method of rifampicin susceptibility testing. Furthermore, it has the advantage of quick results [within 48 hours] without the need for specialized equipment. This makes it a reliable rapid diagnostic tool in testing for rifampicin resistance and as an indicator of MDR in TB