[Metabolic profile of Tunisian obese adult]

obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities such us metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Evaluate metabolic profile and to determinate the frequency of metabolic syndrome in Tunisian obese adult. It's a prospective study realized in the unit of obesity research in the national institute of nutrition between April 2003 and March 2005 .This study concerned two groups of subjects aged between 20 and 60 years old: Group 1 [n = 100]obese [BMI >/= 30 kg/m[2] and group 2 [n= 60] controls with normal weight [BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m[2]. Mean number of metabolic complications is significantly higher [P < 10[-3]] in obese [3.28 +/- 2] than in controls [1.16 +/- 1.2]. Impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus are respectively more frequent in obese [37% and 16%] than in non obese [5% et 1.7%]. Hyperinsulinemia is significantly [P<10[-3]] more frequent in obese. hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperapolipoproteinaemia B are significantly [P = 0.01, P < 10[-3] et P < 10[-3] more frequent in obese than in no overweight subjects. The prevalence of hyperuricemia increased significantly [P = 0.01] in overweight subjects than in normal weight subjects. Metabolic syndrome is significantly more frequent [P < 10[-3]] in obese [48%] than in control [1.7%]. Obesity, especially visceral obesity, is associated with a cluster of metabolic complications increasing the risk of coronary heart disease. We stresson the importance of primary prevention and early management of obesity

[ incidence of nutritional education on the food intake regulation of young diabetics]

The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of nutritional education [applied during young diabetic camps] on the nutrition knowledge acquisition and the effective application of this knowledge by young diabetics in their dietary intake composition. This study included ten volunteer pupils, aged from 12 to 15 years. Each meal provided was quantified before and after consumption to determine during three consecutive days the exact amount of food consumed. Our results showed that the young diabetic could regulate his energetic intake in accordance with his needs.He didn't modify the proposed food when it was normocaloric [2615 +/- 390 Kcal], but he increased his food intake near the recommended needs when the proposed food was hypocaloric [1766 +/- 283 Kcal] and decreased his consumption when the proposed food was hypercaloric [4271 +/- 511 Kcal]. Moreover, this study showed a significant negative correlation between the total energy intake and the amount of carbohydrates [r = -0.46, p < 0.01] and proteins [r= -0.70, p< 0.01], while it was positive between the first and lipid intake [r=0.63, p<0.01]