Characteristics Related to Depression in Adolescent Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder

OBJECTIVES: Externalized behavioral problems are prevalent in adolescents, due to the difficulties associated with this developmental stage. Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), as well as other psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder, result in the manifestation of many behavioral problems during adolescence. METHODS: For this report, we analyzed a sample of 31 adolescents, each of whom had presented with CD or ODD at Chosun University Hospital between 2002 and 2010. We separated subjects into depressed and non-depressed groups according to their Beck Depression Inventory scores (BDI or =10, depressed). Then we analyzed for neuropsychological differences between the depressed and non-depressed groups. RESULTS: In our sample, adolescents in the depressed group showed less of a stealing (deceitfulness and/or theft) behavioral pattern and presented with more anxiety symptoms, lower self-esteem, and greater sensitivity in interpersonal relationships, as compared to the non-depressed group. CONCLUSION: When adolescents exhibit disruptive behavior, clinicians should consider the underlying causes of the behavior.

A Study on Epidemiologic Characteristics of Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Elementary School Children / 대한소아소화기영양학회지

PURPOSE: The aims of this study are to examine clinical characteristics, patterns of medical care utilization, and factors which determine medical care utilization of elementary school children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), to find possible factors influencing the onset and the course of the disorder. METHOD: We performed questionnaires in Kwangju on children from two primary schools from June, 1 1998 to June 30 and carried out statistical analysis. RESULT: 1) Total number of questionnaires were 1417. 715 were male and 702 were female and the ratio of male to female was 1.02 : 1. Average age was 10.3 years. 2) 268 children had RAP (18.9%), boys 132 (18.4%), girls136 (19.2%). 3) The duration of the pain within 10 minutes was 68.5%. 178 children with RAP (66.3%) visited the doctor, The utilization pattern of medical facilities of the pupils with RAP; the most frequently utilized medical facility was pediatrics (35.2%) and the order ran as infernal medicine (31.5%), and pharmacy (29.25). The utilization pattern of medical facilities for the older students; the utilization rate of pediatrics decreased, but internal medicine increased. The major factors affecting the selection of the medical facility were geographic accessibility, kindness of the personnel, good results and traffic convenience. 4) Symptoms which were accompanied with abdominal pain were headache (44.5%), chest pain (28.2%), dizziness (26.6%), vomiting (9%), and 119 children (44.5%) had no accompanied symptoms. 5) In 95 children (35.3%) abdominal pain, occured at postprandial time, in 55 children (20.5%) before meal and in 39 children (14.7%) at school. The highest incidence rate of RAP was observed on Monday (21.4%), and the lowest on Saturday (8.7%). 6) The most frequent involved part of the abdomen was periumbrical area (38%) and the order ran as epigastrium and suprapubic area. The most frequent characteristics of abdominal pain were burning pain (36.9%) and the order ran as dull, cramping and colicky pain. CONCLUSION: RAP is a frequent disease entitiy in children. Too many times children with RAP are treated by other departments instead of Pediatrics. A child has a peculiar growth and development which is different to those from an adult with advancing years. So, it is necessary to choose special medical care and an adequate medical facility.

A preliminary study for the development of a defense style questionnaire adapted for Koreans / 신경정신의학

No abstract available.

Intracranial Cysticercosis: A Report of 6 Cases

Cysticercosis infestation is a cosmopolitan disease. Recently we experienced six cases of intracranial cysticercosis in childhood, three of them were male and their age distributed from 2 to 15 years. Their main clinical manifestations were symptoms of increased intracranial pressure signs and other neurological sings as well, In diagnostic procedures, brain C-T scan was performed in all cases and Conray ventriculography was very helpful in cases of intra-ventricular location of cysticerci. By surgical exploration, single cysticerci were removed from 4 th ventricle in five cases, and cysticercus racemosus was found in subdural space in one cases. Five cases were successfully cured and one case was died of persistent brain swelling after surgical manipulation.

Recovery of Bilateral Renal Vein Thrombosis after Peritoneal Dialyis in a Newborn Neonate

A 4 day old male neonate with severe dehydration, uremia, and hyperbilirubinemia presented with bilateral renal vein thrombosis. Following exchange transfusion and peritoneal dialysis renal function returned to normal without nephrectomy. The importance of adequate and prompt management of renal failure to expect the spontaneous recanalization is stressed. Because of the high mortality rate associated with the nephrectomy in neonates, adequate and prompt medical management including peritoneal dialysis or exchange transfusion, if indicated, with expectation of spontaneous recovery is considered the treatment of choice in this age group.

A Clinical and Pathological Study on the Treatment and Course of Purpura Nephritis in Chidren

Purpura nephritis, one of the commonly known complications of allergic purpura has variable symptoms ranging from mild transient hematuria to severe nephrotic syndrome leading to renal failure and death. This paper reports on the treatment and course of purpura nephritis with special reference to serum immunoglobulins and immunopathology. These cases were selected among pediatric patients with purpura nephritis admitted to the pediatric department of Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Jan., 1978 to Apr., 1980. The results are as follows: 1. Among 18 patients with purpura nephritis whose serum immunoglobulin level had been checked at least once in the course of the disease, 14 cases were male and 4 female. The age distribution was from 3 years and 5 months to 15 years of age, and the peak incidence occurred at 7 years of age in 5 cases. 2. Clinical classifications were made according to clinical symptoms and laboratory results. These classifications were as follows: nephrotic syndrome 5 cases, acute nephritis 5 cases, persistent hematuria and proteinuria 3 cases, and persistent proteinuria, recurrent hematuria, recurrent hematuria and proteinuria, transient hematuria and others, 1 case each. 3. Remission occurred in 5 cases which were all male and their clinical classifications were acute nephritis 3 cases, transient hematuria 1 case and recurrent hematuria 1 case. All of these showed mild renal involvement and none had nephrotic syndrome. 4. Remission occurred in 3 cases among 7 with prednisolone therapy, whereas only 1 case showed remission among 8 cases of combined therapy with immunosuppressant. Remission occurred in 1 case without any therapy. But no therapy was specifically "effective." 5. Nine out of 18 cases(50%) developed signs of renal involvement within 15 days of onset of purpura, and almost all cases(90%) within 2 months. Nephritis preceded purpura in 2 cases by 14 days and 4 months respectively and in another case, nephritis appeared 4 years after purpura. With such variation in duration, no correlation existed between the time interval from nephritis to purpura and the course of the disease. 6. Renal biopsies revealed 14 cages of focal proliferative glomerulonephritis and 1 case of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, but none showed significant crescent formation in the glomeruli. Immunofluorescent microscopic examination revealed granular deposits of Ig(G, A, M), C3/C4, fibrinogen in 8 cases, IgM was absent in 6 cases and IgG absent in 1 case. There wag no correlation with the course of the disease. Sites of deposits were mainly in the mesangium. 7. Serum levels of immunoglobulin and complement were checked in all cases. IgG was elevated in 1 case and IgA was elevated at least once in the course of the disease in 9 cases among 18(50%). IgM mas within normal limits in all. Elevation of C3 was noticed in 2 cases but levels of C4 were normal in all. 8. Among 9 casas with elevated serum IgA in the acute phase, 6 cases showed a drop in the serum IgA level to normal, mostly within 6 months; but this factor was not related to the course and prognosis of the disease since 9 other cases which showed no elevation of serum IgA were not otherwise significantly different.

A Case of the Pancreatic Pseudocyst

No abstract available.

Second Attack of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerlonephritis ; Report of Two Cases

Recurrent or a second attack of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis have been known to be extremely rare. Acute exacerbation in chronic glomerulonephritis and recurrence of acute poststeptococcal glomerulonephritis would be distinguishable clearly by histopathological, immuno-fluorescent and electron microscopic studies from renal biopsy material. Recently we dealt with two cases of a second attack of APSGN in a 9 year old girl and a 12 year old boy and reviewed the literature and the possible mechanism is discussed.

Second Attack of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: Report of Two Cases

Recurrent or a second attack of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis have been known to be extremely rare. Acute exacerbation in chronic glomerulonephritis and recurrence of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis would be distinguishable shable clearly by histopathological, immuno-fluorescent and electron microscopic, studies from renal biopsy material. Recently we dealt with two cases of a second attack of APSGN in a 9 year old girl and a 12 year old boy and reviewed the literature and the possible mechanism is discussed.

A Case of Renal Cell Carcinoma(Adenocarcinoma) in Nine Years Old Girl

A 9 years old girl has been admitted to hospital because of 5 days history of gross hem aturia. Physical examination on admission, She was eassentially normal except enlarged tonsils. Hb, Hct, WBC and Platelets were also nornal, ESR was 5mm/Hr. ASO titer was less than 1:60, C3 was 58mg%(normal:43-200mg%), BUN 11mg%, Creatinine 0.8mg% Serum cholesterol 160mg%, Total Protein 7.1mg% with albumin 4.9mg%, 24 hours urine protein 209mg and creatinine clearance 84ml/min/1.7m2. PT and PTT were also within normal range. Throat and urine cultures revealed no microorganisms. Excretory urogram, renal scan, renal angilgram showed 3.5X4cm sized space occuupying lesion on right upper pole of kidney. Right neprectomy was performed under impression of intramural wilms' tumor and followed intravenovenous injection of actinomycin D gamma/kg. Histopathological finding revealed partially clear dell type renal cell carcinoma which is extremely rare in pediatric age. Regional lymphnode and vessels disclosed no malignant cells. She received 3,000 rad radiati on on tumor bed on the 3rd postoperative day and two weeks later, hemotherapeutics were followed with actinomycin D 15 gamma/kg for 5 days per week for total 8 weeks and vincristine 1.5mg/M2/week for total 12 weeks. Six months later afeter completion of above treatment, she is doing well and attending to school.