A Structural Model for the Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Rural Women

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model to investigate the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in rural women. METHODS: The raw data in this study was collected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study supervised by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2005 to 2010. The data included physical examinations and surveys of 1,125 women, who resided in three rural areas of South Korea. The structural model in this study was composed of five latent variables: depression, stress, social support, health behavior, and metabolic syndrome. The structural equation model was used to assess the relationships among the variables. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that depression and stress had direct effects on metabolic syndrome. Social support had a direct effect on health behavior and metabolic syndrome. Also, health behavior had a direct effect on metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: This study may serve as a guideline for interventions and strategies used to reduce metabolic syndrome in rural women.

The Effects of Lessons using Action Learning on Nursing Students / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of action learning on critical thinking disposition, communicative competence, and problem-solving ability in nursing students. METHODS: The design for this was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for identification of the effects of lessons using action learning. The consenting participants were 184 fourth-year nursing students in D-city (Experimental group=95, Control group=89). Data was collected and the program was conducted from May 2 to July 19, 2015. Data was analyzed with an chi2-test, a t-test, and a paired t-test and utilized the SPSS win 21.0 program. RESULTS: There were significant differences in critical thinking ability (t=5.00, p<.001), problem-solving ability (t=4.52, p<.001), and communicative competence (t=4.97, p<.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The study findings suggest that action-learning programs have proven to be an effective educational program for improving the critical thinking ability, problem solving ability, and communicative competence of nursing students. Action learning can be an effective teaching strategy.

Combination Effects of Capsicum Plaster at the Korean Hand Acupuncture Points K-D2 with Prophylactic Antiemetic on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Gynecologic Laparoscopy

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the combination effects of capsicum plaster at the Korean hand acupuncture points K-D2 with prophylactic antiemetic on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV). METHODS: An experimental research design (a randomized, a double-blinded, and a placebo-control procedure) was used. The participants were female patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy; the control group (n=34) received intravenous prophylactic ramosetron 0.3mg, while the experimental group (n=34) had Korean Hand Therapy additionally. In the experimental group, capsicum plaster was applied at K-D2 of both 2nd and 4th fingers by means of Korean Hand Therapy for a period of 30 minutes before the induction of anesthesia and removed 8 hours after the laparoscopy. RESULTS: The occurrence of nausea, nausea intensity and need for rescue with antiemetic in the experimental group was significantly less than in the control group 2 hours after surgery. CONCLUSION: Results of the study show capsicum plaster at K-D2 is an effective method for reducing PONV in spite of the low occurrence of PONV because of the prophylactic antiemetic medication.

Propofol-Related Infusion Syndrome in an Adult Patient Using Propofol Coma Therapy to Control Intracranial Pressure / 대한구급학회지

Propofol-related infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare but fatal complication. Unexplained metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, myocardial dysfunction, cardiovascular collapse and acute kidney injury are the main characteristics of PRIS. Herein, we report a case of PRIS in a neurosurgical adult patient, who had received high-dose propofol continuous infusion in order to control intracranial pressure in an intensive care unit. She manifested severe metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury and myocardial dysfunction. As soon as PRIS was diagnosed, propofol infusion was stopped. Conservative treatments, such as vasopressors and inotropics, continuous renal replacement therapy and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were used to treat PRIS. However, she finally expired. This case report suggests that a great caution to PRIS is needed in a situation with high-dose propofol continuous infusion.

Effect of the Auriculotherapy on Dysmenorrhea in School-aged Girls / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was designed to identify the effect of auriculotherapy on low abdominal pain and dysmenorrhea in school-aged girls. METHODS: This design was a pre and post-test with nonequivalent groups. The subjects were 71 girls who were middle school students with dysmenorrheal (35 students for the treatment group and 36 students for the comparison group). The subjects of the treatment group received auriculotherapy once a week for 10 weeks. The comparison group received instruction on auriculotherapy and was requested waiting for the order. RESULTS: The treatment group reported significantly less low abdominal pain than the comparison group. However, there were not statistical differences in reported dysmenorrhea. In future analysis, 60.0% of the treatment group reported more physical comfort, and 45.7% reported more emotional cool down. CONCLUSION: The finding indicate that auriculotherapy could be effective in decreasing low abdominal pain during menstrual periods. Therefore, auriculotherapy could be an effective nursing intervention for low abdominal pain occurring during mensuration. However, further studies need to be done to support auriculotherapy as effective.

Comparison of Importance and Performance of Nursing Interventions linked to Nursing Diagnoses in Cerebrovascular Disorder Patients / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the importance and performance of nursing interventions linked to five nursing diagnoses in CVA patients. METHODS: First, total 37 nursing diagnoses were identified from the analysis of 78 nursing records of CVA patients, and then top 5 diagnoses were mapped with nursing interventions. Second, each intervention was compared in terms of importance and performance by 80 nurses working at neurosurgical units from 5 general hospitals. Data were analyzed using mean, SD, and t-test using the SPSS program. RESULTS: Selected the top five nursing diagnoses were Acute Pain, Risk for Disuse Syndrome, Decreased Intracranial Adaptive Capacity, Ineffective Cerebral Tissue Perfusion and Acute Confusion. In general, most of the interventions were scored higher in importance than performance and most of independent interventions were not performed as frequently as it perceived in importance. The interventions which scored high in performance were the interventions ordered by physician or interventions related to medication behavior. CONCLUSION: We identified which nursing interventions should be performed more frequently and more critically important to nursing diagnoses. We recommend further research that enhances the performance of nursing interventions to provide better quality of nursing services to the patients in practice.

Comparison of Importance and Performance of Nursing Interventions linked to Nursing Diagnoses in Cerebrovascular Disorder Patients / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the importance and performance of nursing interventions linked to five nursing diagnoses in CVA patients. METHODS: First, total 37 nursing diagnoses were identified from the analysis of 78 nursing records of CVA patients, and then top 5 diagnoses were mapped with nursing interventions. Second, each intervention was compared in terms of importance and performance by 80 nurses working at neurosurgical units from 5 general hospitals. Data were analyzed using mean, SD, and t-test using the SPSS program. RESULTS: Selected the top five nursing diagnoses were Acute Pain, Risk for Disuse Syndrome, Decreased Intracranial Adaptive Capacity, Ineffective Cerebral Tissue Perfusion and Acute Confusion. In general, most of the interventions were scored higher in importance than performance and most of independent interventions were not performed as frequently as it perceived in importance. The interventions which scored high in performance were the interventions ordered by physician or interventions related to medication behavior. CONCLUSION: We identified which nursing interventions should be performed more frequently and more critically important to nursing diagnoses. We recommend further research that enhances the performance of nursing interventions to provide better quality of nursing services to the patients in practice.

The Effects of Exercise on Functional Status, Activity of Daily Living and Social Re-adjustment in Stroke Patients / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise on functional status, activity of daily living and social re-adjustment(social function, depression) in stroke patients. METHOD: A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest study was used. The subjects consisted of 33 adults who were stroke in the G hospital, and the period of data collection was from February 8, 2006 to August 30, 2006. Seventeen patients were assigned to experimental group and sixteen to the control group. The subjects of the experimental group performed an exercise for 15-20 minutes twice a day, 3-5 times per week, during six weeks. Outcome variables were functional status, activity of daily living and social re-adjustment. Chi-Square test and T-test were used to examine the equality of the subjects and ANCOVA used to examine the group difference using SAS. RESULTS: There ware significant differences in functional status, activity of daily living, and social re-adjustment(social function, depression) between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The above results state the exercise can be an effective intervention to improve the functional status, activity of daily living, and social re-adjustment(social function, depression) of stroke patients.

An Analysis on the Research Papers about Exercise Interventions to the Stroke Survivors / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to suggest the direction to the exercise intervention development for the stroke survivors. METHOD: 12 domestic and 54 foreign research papers about the exercise intervention for the stroke patients published during 1998~2007 were analyzed. RESULT: Among the papers, quasi-experimental design(75.8%) and multidisciplinary approach(60.6%) were the most frequent ones. The mean age of the respondents was 63.3 and the intervention was supplied for 7.14 weeks. The frequency of exercise was 3.87 per week and the exercise time was 1.88 hours. And physical research variables - such as ambulation, muscle strength, activities of daily living and balance - were more than psychosocial variables. This study suggested that the exercise intervention for the stroke survivors need to include aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening exercise, flexible exercise, body coordination, balance exercise. In addition we confirmed that the exercise intervention was revealed as an effective physiological parameters; such as maximum oxygen uptake quantity, blood pressure. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the further researchs are needed which include the intensity of exercise into the quantity of the exercise. Also researchers need to extend the motion intervention time for an effective sociopsychological variable and to try the meta analysis for the effective exercise intervention for the stroke survivors.

A Survey on Experience and Illness Management of Rural Women with Osteoarthritis / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: This descriptive survey was done to assess how rural women with osteoarthritis perceive their symptoms, what are their treatment preferences, and how they manage their illness. METHOD: Individual interviews were carried out with 205 women with osteoarthritis living in rural areas. Structured questionnaires were used and the interviewers were 7 trained research assistants. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis with SPSS win 11.5 program. RESULTS: Of the respondents, 68.8% were overweight and 15.1% were obese, 86.9% reported pain in the knees, low back, and shoulders and the average pain score was 66.06. Those knowing the exact diagnosis accounted for 73.7% of the respondents but only 49.7% reported receiving medical treatments, and 40.2% who received treatment adhered to their prescription. Folk medicines were used by 14.1% of the respondents, but 65.2% among them reported that folk medicines were not effective. Exercise 2.03 times per week was reported by 17.1% of the respondents and 48.6% reported preferring to walk. CONCLUSION: Women with osteoarthritis in rural areas need a rehabilitative care program focused on exercise. The community health care system in the rural area should deliver optimal health care for this population. The results of this study can be used as a basis for planning intervention programs for women with osteoarthritis in the rural area.

Effect of Tai Chi Exercise on Pain, Balance, Gait and Physical Function of Patients with Low Back Pain / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Tai Chi exercise on pain, balance, gait and physical function of patients with low back pain. METHOD: This study was designed one group pretest-posttest design. Tai Chi exercise was conducted by researcher and carried out for sixty minutes per one time and two times a week for six weeks. The subjects of this study consisted of 23 low back patients. Using the SPSS win 10.0 program was used for data analysis, which included frequency, percentage and paired t-test. RESULT: Tai Chi exercise decreased pain, improved balance and gait, increased physical function(back muscle strength, leg muscle strength and flexibility). CONCLUSION: The results suggested Tai Chi exercise can be effective nursing intervention to improve pain, balance, gait and physical function of patients with low back pain.

An Effects of Aquatic Exercise on in Home Stroke Patients / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aquatic exercise on rehabilitation in home stroke patients. METHOD: A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design was used to examine the change of balance, ADL, IADL, pain, depression and self-efficacy at the completion of 6-weeks aquatic exercise program. The subjects consisted of 25 adults who had a stroke. Thirteen experimental and twelve control subjects completed pre and post test measures. Outcome variables were balance, ADL, IADL, pain, depression and self-efficacy. Chi-Square test(Fisher's exact method) was used to examine the equality of the subjects and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test used to examine the group difference by using SAS. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in balance and depression between the two groups. However, there was a significant difference in ADL, IADL, pain and self-efficacy between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Aquatic exercise can improve ADL, IADL, self-efficacy and reduce pain. Therefore, further research is recommended by increasing the length of aquatic exercise and number of subjects, so that its effects can be more generalizable.

The Relationship among Family Support, Powerlessness and Depression in the elderly patient / 성인간호학회지

This study was a descriptive correlationstudy. It tried to test the relationships between family support, powerlessness and depression in the elderly patient to develop basic data for nursing intervention. The subjects of this study were 61 patients, over the age of 60, who were admitted in one university hospital in Daegue. The data were analyzed by percentage, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score for family support was 3.52 (maximum score ; 4). The mean score for powerlessness was 2.51 (maximum score ; 4). The mean score for depression was 2.35(maximum score ; 4). 2. In general characteristics, educational level and number of children were significantly related to the level of depression 3. The correlations between family support and powerlessness, or family support and depression were negative. The correlation between power-lessness and depression was positive. This study revealed that powerlessness and depression were correlated with family support. Consequently, the implication for nursing is that there is a need to develop an intervention program for the patient's family in order to improve family support.

The Effects of Assertiveness Training and Values Clarification Training on Nurse's Role Conflict / 성인간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of assertiveness training and values clarification training on nurse's role conflict. Fifty-seven registered nurses participated to in the study : they were employed at to three general hospitals, all of which were located in the city of Daegu, Korea. The study employs two treatment groups. The assertiveness training group consisted of nursing subjects who participated in nine, 90-120 minute sessions of assertiveness training over five weeks. The other treatment group received nine, 90-120 minute group sessions of values clarification at the same time. For the control group, nursing subjects did not participated in any training. For pre-test evaluation, Role Conflict Inventory-General tests (RCI-G), were administered to al subjects in al three groups one week prior to the beginning of the treatment and for post-test evaluation, Communication Conflict Inventory-Specific tests (RCI-S), were administered two weeks after the last session. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) on RCI-S scores were run using the SPSS program. In order to test statistical difference among mean scores of the subscales obtained after treatment, multiple comparisons were carried out using the Turkey method. The subscale scores of nurse's role conflict of the groups who experienced the assertiveness training and the values clarification, were significantly lower than the control group in role ambiguity, environmental barriers, and competency deficit, but there was no difference in collaboration deficit. The value clarification training was more effective than was th assertiveness training in decreasing the subscale scores in role ambiguity. There were, however, no differences in environmental barriers, competency deficit or collaboration deficit between two experimental groups.